Philosophy of Time

This paper proposes a simple redefinition of the physical time arrow (PTA) identified here with the thermodynamic arrow of time and defined as a gradient function of both the effects of the 2nd law of thermodynamics (2LT) and inertia (IN)). This simple PTA definition (combined with other two additional complementary hypotheses) offers some important explanations in quantum mechanics (QM) and also in the Standard model (SM) of particle physics. This paper continues (from alternative angles of view) the work of other past articles/preprints of the same author in physics (cited in anti-chronological order, from the latest to the oldest)

Realism criticizes the idea, central to what may be called ‘the priority view’, that philosophy has the task of imposing from the outside general norms of morality or standards of reasonableness on politics understood as the domain of power. According to realism, political philosophy must reveal the specific standards internal to the political practice of handling power appropriately and as it develops in actual circumstances. Framed in those terms, the debate evokes the idea that political power itself is lacking normativity until such time as norms are devised that govern its use. In contrast, this essay identifies a normative dimension internal to (the conquest and exercise of) power. Power depends on recognition and support in the form of belief. This dependence explains how an interest in power introduces a responsiveness to normative considerations into the domain of politics.

In 2008 Christopher Hardin and Alan Taylor published an article titled “Peculiar connection between the axiom of choice and predicting the future” in which they claim that if some system can be described as a function from a set of some instants of time to some set of states, then there is a way to predict the next value of the function based on its previous input. Using their so-called -strategy one can randomly choose an instant t and the probability that the strategy is correct at t (i.e. that the output for a strategy for input t is exactly the same as the value of the function) equals 1. Mathematical aspects of this article are sound, but the background story about the correlation between theorems and philosophical aspects of predicting the future faces certain problems. The goal of my paper is to bring them up.

En prenant le point de vue du personnage de Rhoda des Vagues de Virginia Woolf, cette proposition explore la question et les effets du temps suspendu.

La consistance de ce personnage, située à mi-chemin entre le rêve et le brouillard, traduit une certaine manière d’être du monde sans y être. Rhoda est à la fois là tout en étant toujours en retrait, là dans l’attente de cette existence plus solide qu’elle semble prêter à ceux et celles qui l’entourent. Rhoda n’a ni corps ni reflet dans le miroir, elle existe d’une forme d’existence que l’on peut qualifier de « moindre » en reprenant les mots du philosophe David Lapoujade. Au travers d'une lecture à la fois philosophique et poétique de ce personnage, étoffée par la philosophie des différents modes d’existence de Étienne Souriau, cette proposition interroge une forme particulière de l'attente et du temps suspendu : celle de l’intensification de l’expérience, quand «vivre» ne veut pas forcément dire «exister».

The time of the literary work of art is a schematized aspect of the represented objectivities of the literary work. Roman Ingarden's analysis of the time of the literary work extends upon Husserl's phenomenol-ogy of time consciousness but nevertheless remains consistent with it, insofar as within a literary work as well as actuality, an objective time or literary objective time is constituted from an experience of temporal objects (or in the case of the work of art, represented objectivities). The time of the literary work of art is experienced through its represented objectivities and depends on an already existent concept of objective time. (We conceive of the time of the literary work of art as a variant of actual time.) The time of the literary work, however, gains an indeterminacy, as the author of the literary work is able to manipulate our experience of time within the literary work by predicting how the reader will concre-tize its events, characters, and objects with respect to time. I use Alain Robbe-Grillet's representation of the centipede in La Jalousie as an example of the possible manipulations of time, explicable through Ingarden's analysis of time in the literary work of art.

Husserl offers insight into the constituting of the self-aware ego through time-consciousness. Yet his account does not satisfactorily explain how this ego can experience itself as presently acting. Furthermore, although he acknowledges that the Now is not a knife-edge present, he does not show what determines its duration. These shortfalls and others are overcome through a change of starting point. Citing empirical evidence, I take it as a basic given that when a caregiver frontally engages an infant of two months or so, the infant is aware of a person attending. The attending, I propose, is experienced by the infant as having an implicit target, a focal center. In the infant’s awareness, the carer’s focal center is the self. When a You is perceived as attending, a self is apperceived. I argue that such dependence on a You’s attending continues lifelong in derivative forms. I explore the idea that original time is a partial oscillation of awareness between the perceived You and the...

Kitabın arka kapağından:

"Zamanın mekândan daha önemli hâle geldiği ve metalaştığı bir çağda yaşıyoruz. Zamanın reklam kanalıyla üzerimizde kurduğu iktidarı anlama çabasıyla yazılan "Reklamın Dünyasında Zaman: Bellek, Otantiklik ve Hız Üzerine", iki bölümden oluşuyor.

İlk bölüm, zamanın belleğimizde bıraktığı izlerle ilgili. Aile ve medya, kimliğimizi ve belleğimizi nasıl inşa ediyor? Medyadaki aile temsilleri belleğimizde nasıl yer alıyor? Bu temsiller üzerinde yükselen anılarda klişeler var mı? Tüketilmek üzere, reklam için üretilen anıların ortak yönleri neler? Reklamlarda herkesin geçmişine uyabilecek fabrikasyon anılar sunuluyorsa markalar, rekabette öne geçmek için otantiklikten nasıl faydalanıyor? Tüm bu soruları, reklamdaki geçmiş-bugün-gelecek çizgisi üzerinde, reklamın hatırlattıkları ve unutturdukları bağlamında ele alıyor ve bu pencereden Anneler Günü ve Babalar Günü reklamlarına bakıyorum.

Kitabın ikinci bölümü ise hakikat sonrası çağı, içinde yaşadığımız filtre balonunu, maruz kaldığımız hız kültürünü ve politik arka planını, hızın beraberinde getirdiği güvensizlik, sıkıntı gibi problemleri ele alıyor. Çoğunluğu lojistik sektöründen olmak üzere reklamlarda hızın temsilini inceliyorum. Ardından reklamın üretim sürecindeki hız konusuna geçiyorum ki burada da yakınsama kültürüne, reklam ajanslarının yapılarına, işleyişlerine ve reklam sektörü çalışanlarının reklamı üretirken yüz yüze geldiği hız fetişizmi, esneklik ve verimlilik üzerine söylemek istediklerim var."

2012). There is hence an element of generality to this essay that the book itself is better able to justify. But a short programmatic piece has its own virtues, especially for those of us who are time poor (which is pretty much everyone in contemporary academia). Moreover, it adds a dimension to the above book by more explicitly situating it in relation to what is an emerging view in some recent scholarship (such as John McCumber, Len Lawlor, David Hoy, and before this Liz Grosz) that time is central to the identity of continental philosophy, ...