Maritime

Fault tree analysis is a known methodology used for analysing engineering systems. The approach is usually conducted
using known failure data. Given that most maritime operations are conducted in a challenging and uncertain environment,
their failure data are usually unavailable requiring a flexible and yet robust algorithm for the analysis of the systems.
This research therefore seeks to analyse hazards of ships during ship and port interface operations as a result of manoeuvring
by incorporating fuzzy fault tree analysis method to optimise the performance effectiveness of the system.
Fuzzy set theory provides the needed flexibility to represent vague information from the analysis process. The methodology
is structured in such a manner that diverse sets of data can be integrated and synthesised for analysing the system.
It is envisaged that the proposed method could avail safety specialist with a simple and a step-by-step framework
for evaluating maritime hazards in seaport operations in a concise way.

Safety Critical Maritime Infrastructure (SCMI) systems are vulnerable to diverse risks in their challenging field of operations due to their interactions and interdependence. In addition, the multiplicity of stakeholders in these systems and the complex operational scenarios are often associated with a high level of uncertainty because they usually operate in a dynamic environment in which the boundaries of safety are pushed, leading to the disruption of operations. Therefore, the safety of these systems is very important to ensuring resilience of their operations. This research is focus on the background analysis of SCMI systems. This includes operational processes of SCMI systems, security threats and estimates of economic damage to the system, resilience engineering literature relevant to maritime operations; regulatory overview including risk governance of the systems, lessons learnt from major accidents and a concluding remark is drawn.

The world has embraced the need to invent and use technology that would lead to the sustenance of the environment. The maritime sector is not left out of this, the innovation that would lead ultimately to the sustainability of the sector and the environment as a whole. This article points out the efforts of companies, governments and stake holders in creating devices, policies and institutions to ensure sustainability in the maritime sector.

Also, it points out the need for industrial activities at sea (blue growth) as it has been observed in recent years that there have been challenges raised by a scarcity of resources and land available. This informs the need for diversified activities such as aqua culture and renewable energies to fulfil humanity’s ever growing need for resources; in terms of food, energy and water.

The article recommends that key stakeholders in the maritime sector should form partnerships and alliances that would ensure continuous support in enhancing environmental conscious technologies and in turn lead to rapid growth and adaptation of these technologies and policies all over the world.

In this paper, the author theoretically analyses piracy drivers rooted on land which may form main obstacles for the resolution of problems at sea. Discussing the claim of Murphy that piracy is a land-based crime, this article expands the focus and examines the main drivers to understand causes of piracy exististence. Furthermore, it questions the credibiity of statistical data for the researchers to make reliable conclusions in this area. And, finally, the author examines weaknesses in understanding piracy which might help to reduce piracy as a maritime crime.

Maine Maritime Museum is pleased to announce its symposium “Leadership” on April 4, 2020. The symposium is interdisciplinary and seeks presenters from history, art history, nautical archaeology, ecology, maritime law, and other fields. We encourage presenters to approach the theme of “leadership” in broad and creative ways. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, the role of captains in successful (or unsuccessful) voyages, how designers and entrepreneurs redefined shipbuilding, how influential artists shaped popular images of the sea, and how pioneers of conservation effected change.

Over the last decade, the “oceanic turn” has moved oceanic space from the margin to the center of literary scholarship. However, this new ocean-centric scholarship has tended to blur the diversity of oceanic space by focusing chiefly on the open ocean. Only recently have practitioners of the oceanic turn started attending to the distinctive roles and meanings of the more contained maritime spaces that line the edges of, and mediate between, the open oceans. As the editors of the 2018 collection Oceanic Histories put it, “such ‘narrow seas’—bays and straits, channels and deltas, as well as other connective and intermediary bodies of water—will attract increasing historical attention in future.” This seminar aims to further this project by exploring representations of straits—a kind of “narrow sea” that, as the ongoing saber-rattling in the Strait of Hormuz makes clear, carries a wealth of cultural, ecological, and geopolitical significance.   

As befits their practical importance and conceptual polyvalence, straits figure prominently in world literature. For Homer's Odysseus, the Strait of Messina—figured as Scylla and Charybdis—is a site of dread, which is analogous to how the real-life 13th century Arab traveler Ibn Jubayr experiences it. In Victorian England, Matthew Arnold envisions the Strait of Dover as both a bulwark against continental Europe's turmoil and a reminder of unsettling historical and geohistorical transformations. In our own time, a panoply of novels, plays, films, and songs has documented clandestine crossings of the Strait of Gibraltar in the wake of the European Union’s hardening of its external border regimes. For Dante’s Ulysses, this same Strait—the nec plus ultra of classical Antiquity—is a limit that must not be breached, on the other side of which there lies not merely chaos but also that which threatens orthodox knowledge and dogma. Though punished for having ventured into the forbidden realm beyond the Pillars of Hercules, Ulysses speaks of his journey through the Strait with evident zest. This seminar invites similarly zestful forays into the figure of the strait in literature, film, and other modes of cultural representation and inquiry, from any location and time period.

Possible topics include, but are by no means limited to:

• Specific straits: e.g. Mytilini, Malacca, Magellan
• Straits and the oceanic, maritime, and littoral turns
• Straits and state formation and de-formation
• Straits and disciplinary formations
• Straits and configurations of trans/nationalism
• Straits, gender, and sexuality
• Straits, genre, and form
• Straits and clandestinity
• Straits and the un/commons
• Straits, geology, and human/natural history
• Straits and local, national, regional, planetary scales
• Straits and the Anthropocene/Capitalocene/Cthulucene

Considering the rapid development of oceanic logistics, the maritime traffic is one of the worst offenders for air and water pollution. This paper primarily aims to explore the key concepts and terms applied to denote the sustainability issues in maritime transport and main challenges for the shipping industry. The present study investigates the existing sustainability frameworks on the relationship between sustainability and maritime industry. Also the author proposes to use modelling approaches to measure the relationship between oil prices, exchange rate, services export and ocean transport value added. The empirical findings indicate that growth rate of the crude oil prices has negative impact on ocean transport value added growth, and it can be traced that the oil industry has a strong influence on value creation in maritime clusters and their competitiveness, especially on the shipping sector. The analysis also sheds light on the impacts of relationship between environmental pollution and maritime cluster activity (through the validation of the EKC hypothesis in Norway). The current paper reveals that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The empirical evidences show that the links between CO2 emissions and ocean transport value added are more significant than with energy consumption indicator. It can be assumed that, due to the energy efficiency policy and technological leadership in the shipping industry, the environmental impact of energy use (renewable energy) has improved.

The purpose of this study is to propose a new method toward determining port identity for a cruise port. In this paper, the port identity concept is examined for the first-time under multi-criteria evaluation approach as the port identity is composed with several criterions. Therefore, the proposed method includes two main steps. First is defining port identity and, is determining criteria which compose the port identity. Second is evaluating the criteria to determine port identity of a specific cruise port. To apply the proposed method, Bodrum which is a cruise destination, is selected as case study. Results are obtained by using analytic hierarchy process method. A survey study is conducted for pair-wise comparison of criteria. Participants are selected based on stakeholder analysis. The result determines the port identity for Bodrum by an 82.9% stakeholder consensus. Local stakeholders prioritize port identity criteria historical-cultural (25.15%), natural (20.48%) and endemic (18.62%) places as the first three important criteria. Consequently, for destination managers and city planners, this paper reveals a common port identity concept as a decision making tool that can be used for future waterfront development strategies. Future studies are expected to apply this new method for other cruise ports.

Purpose – Turkey is a maritime country with its current merchant fleet and shipyards, geographical
location, young population and growth potential. Clustering, being one of the important improvement
methods of global competition power, is widely used in the maritime sector. Analysing the clustering level
and potential of Istanbul, which is the major city of Turkey, in regard to economic and social aspects is a basic
step for increasing global competitiveness in this sector. This study aims to measure the clustering level of
Istanbul’s maritime sector and also define the effect of clustering level on firm performance.
Design/methodology/approach – The clustering levels of Istanbul’s maritime transportation and
supporting firms, shipyards and maritime equipment manufacturers are measured by means of a survey
based on Porter’s diamond theory in this paper. The relationship between clustering level and firm
performance is defined by using simple linear regression and fuzzy linear regression methods. The weights of
the criteria are calculated by means of entropymethod.
Findings – It is concluded that despite its deficits, Istanbul’s maritime sector has significant potential to
become a major maritime cluster not only in its region but also worldwide. The effect of clustering level on
firm performance was observed to be statistically significant, but not high. The results of the simple linear
regression and fuzzy linear regression methods are compared.
Originality/value – According to the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first study using fuzzy linear
regression and entropy methods to analyse maritime clusters. It evaluates the effect of clustering level on firm
performance in the case of Istanbul maritime sector.

Turkey is a maritime country with its current fleet, geographical location, young population and growth potential. This study aims to measure and map the main characteristics of Turkish maritime transportation sector by using the cluster approach. Clustering, being one of the important improvement methods of global competition power, is widely used in the maritime transportation sector. Analysing the maritime clustering potential in a quantative way is a basic step to increase the global competitiveness in this sector. In this context, the level of Turkish maritime transportation cluster is measured by means of Location Quotient (LQ) in this article. It concludes that among the 6 statistically grouped counties, TR 10 Istanbul county is showing significant potential according to all variables. ÖZ Türkiye sahip olduğu mevcut filosu, coğrafi konumu, genç nüfusu ve büyüme potansiyeli ile önemli bir denizcilik ülkesidir. Bu çalışma kümelenme yaklaşımını kullanarak Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün ana özelliklerini ölçmeyi ve haritalandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Küresel rekabet gücünün geliştirilmesinde önemli bir kavram olan kümelenme deniz taşımacılığı sektöründe de yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün özellikle sayısal yöntemler kullanılarak kümelenme analizinin yapılması küresel rekabet gücüne kavuşulmasında önemli bir basamaktır. Bu kapsamda Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün kümelenme seviyesi Coğrafi Yoğunluk Katsayısı (Location Quotient (LQ)) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Toplam 6 istatistiki bölge dikkate alınarak yapılan incelemede TR 10 İstanbul bölgesinin tüm değişkenler açısından güçlü kümelenme özellikleri gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Doktrin merupakan suatu pedoman tata laku yang bersifat mendasar dan umum yang diyakini kebenarannya untuk menghadapi sesuatu masalah yang merupakan penerapan atau sebagai sumber dari strategi, dalam aplikasinya tergantung dari situasi yang berlaku pada saat itu. Perumusan suatu doktrin maritim merupakan Pemikiran atau cara terbaik, mengenai suatu masalah dan menyatakan serta membimbingpara penganutnya dalam hal ini rakyatnya, untuk menghadapi masalah maritim dan instrumen maritim yang ada. Istilah maritim dapat berkaitan dengan laut dan berhubungan dengan pelayaran dan perdagangan di laut. Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan dengan jumlah penduduk yang besar dengan berbagai corak ragam kondisi sosial budaya secara historis memiliki karakter bahari yang kuat. Saat ini telah terjadi perubahan yang sangat signifikan terhadap perubahan lingkungan strategis maritim, baik kawasan regional maupun internasional hal ini sangat mempengaruhi pola berpikir, cara bertindak dalam penentuan kebijakan politik suatu negara. Pada tahun 2014 bertepatan dengan dilaksanakannya KTT Asia Timur, Presiden Joko Widodo didepan presiden Myanmar U Thein Sein dan seluruh anggota sidang mengemukakan dengan tegas sebuah doktrin dan penekanan mengenai ide Indonesia untuk menjadi poros maritim dunia1. Ide Poros Maritim Dunia yang sudah dijalankan oleh pemerintah Indonesia selama periode kepemimpinan pada kenyataanya belum menaungi aspek keamanan maritim sebagai prioritas dimana hal tersebut harus dibarengi dengan pembangunan kekuatan Angkatan Laut sebagai elemen utama. Mengingat adanya keterkaitan antara isu keamanan maritim dengan upaya menciptakan good maritime governance, sudah selayaknya pemerintah Indonesia menjadikan keamanan maritim sebagai prioritas dalam kebijakan maritim yang dikeluarkan2. Mengingat dalam prakteknya Indonesia belum memiliki acuan yang jelas dalam membuat kebijakan maritim, pemerintah perlu menyusun suatu doktrin yang berfungsi sebagai pegangan dalam setiap pembuatan kebijakan maritim. Selanjutnya, pemerintah harus membangun Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) sebagai wawasan agar mampu meningkatkan kepedulian seluruh instrumen negara dalam berbagai sektor dalam isu maritim.