History of Translation

The aim of this article consists in studying participial constructions (PC) and gerundial constructions (GC), especially absolute PCs and GCs, within a corpus of Spanish translated and non-translated texts from the 16th century written by two Castilian writers who were prominent exponents of the Erasmian prose in this era. Close attention is paid to translated texts in order to determine the extent to which different types and subtypes of PCs and GCs match PCs and/or any kind of structures in the source text (ST). This approach allows to discuss whether or not a syntactic equivalence between ST and target text (TT) predominates in the corpus under study and, when it is the case, to determine to what extent and by means of which mechanisms TT diverges from ST. The analysis shows that the influence of the Latin model in the ST on the syntax of the Romance TT becomes stronger when it works ex negativo, i.e. Latin turns out to be more influential in non-translated texts or in indirect – or not literally – translated contexts.

En el año 1562, se produjo una terrible erupción volcánica en la isla del Pico, en el archipiélago de las Azores, de la que fueron restigos Diego Díez, Juan Rodríguez y Pedro Morcillo, capitán, piloto y escribano, respectivamente, del navío español bautizado como" Nuestra Señora de la Luz". En cuanto desembarcaron en Cádiz, se presentaron ante el juez Antonio de Avalia para hacerle entrega de una" relación muy verdadera" de aquel suceso extraordinario, la cual empezó a circular rápidamente dentro y fuera de Espaiña, tanto por vía manuscrita como impresa. En este trabajo, se reconstruye la curiosa historia textual, tipográfica y editorial de esa relación a partir de los testimonios localizados hasta la fecha.

Abstract:The second half of the nineteenthcentury saw a proliferation of translations from romance languages into Romanian as a consequence of the economic and cultural development of the Romanian society. In this context, 1893 saw the publication ofthe first Romanian translation of De Amicis’s Cuore (Heart): An Italian Schoolboy’sJournal, by Clelia Bruzzesi (1836-1903).The twentieth century brought fiveother versions, two of them signed by womentranslators: Sofia Nădejde (1856-1946) in 1916 and Mia Frollo (1885-1962) in 1936. Until recently, Cuore was part of the primary school curriculum in Romania, so the text left a mark on the cultural history of the country. This paper  aims  to raise awareness  of  theoften  neglectedtranslation  activity ofwomen  and  to reveal Bruzzesi, Nădejde and Frollo’s place in society as well theirmotivations  and the  public  reception  of  their translations.Keywords:Women  translators. De  Amicis’s Cuore (Heart):  An Italian  Schoolboy’sJournalin  Romanian translation. Literary translation into Romanian. Retranslation. History of literary translation.

Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Translationsgeschichte der Arabischen Erzäh-lungen der ‚Tausend und eine Nacht' aus einer performativen, ausgangskulturorientier-ten Perspektive. Die Zweistufigkeit des Translationsprozesses als interlingua-ler/zweisprachiger Kommunikation impliziert eine eindimensionale Linearität, die die Beziehung zwischen Ausgangs-und Zieltext bestimmt. Die Effekte der Translation auf Produktion/Rezeption des Ausgangstextes fallen jenseits der konzeptuellen Reichweite des Translationsbegriffes und können prinzipiell nicht in einem translationstheoreti-schen Rahmen behandelt werden, was in einer statisch-genetischen Konzeption vom Ausgangstext als "Quelle" resultiert. Ich werde anhand der ‚Tausend und eine Nacht' argumentieren, dass eine neue Auffassung der Translation als performative Be-wegung in Richtung Ausgangstext die Komplexität translatorischen Handelns besser zeigen und die interpretativen Möglichkeiten der Translation als Interaktion zwischen einem Ausgangstext und einem Zieltext erweitern kann. Dabei wird die Rolle Antoine Gallands und seiner Übersetzung der ‚Tausend und eine Nacht' (Les mille et une nuits) hervorgehoben. This article deals with the translation history of the Arabic narratives of the 'Thousand and One Nights' from a performative, source culture-oriented perspective. The two-stage nature of the translation process as interlingual/bilingual communication implies a one-dimensional linearity that determines the relationship between source and target text. The effects of translation on the production/reception of the source text fall beyond the conceptual scope of the concept of translation and cannot, in principle, be dealt with in a translation-theoretical framework, resulting in a static-genetic conception of the source text as a "source". I will use the 'Thousand and One Nights' to argue that a new concept of translation as a performative movement towards the source text can better demonstrate the complexity of translational action and expand the interpre-tative possibilities of translation as an interaction between a source text and a target text. The role of Antoine Galland and his translation of the 'Thousand and One Nights' (Les mille et une nuits) is highlighted. Akkad Alhussein: Von den Möglichkeiten translatorischen Handelns

Chapter in The Classical Heritage in France (Brill, 2002), ed. Gerald Sandy.

I consider translation as a leisure and professional activity; a pedagogic tool; and a form of creative literary imitation. The chapter concludes with the evolution in  translators' approaches from 1500-1630, through a comparison of various translations fo Vrigil into French.

Brojni ključni koncepti moderne teorije prevođenja postojali su mnogo pre naučnog utemeljenja te oblasti. Iako nije moguće tvrditi da je bilo ikakvih pokušaja da se uspostave teorijsko-metodološki pristupi prevođenju u arapskom srednjem veku, intenzivne prevodilačke
aktivnosti u tom periodu sasvim su izvesno podstakle pojavu određenih gledišta u vezi sa različitim teorjiskim pojmovima u ovoj oblasti, iako to nije bilo propraćeno odgovarajućim instrumentarijumom translatološke terminologije. Cilj ovog rada je da skrene pažnju na glavne translatološke pojmove koji su se javili kod arapskih srednjovekovnih mislilaca koji su se bavili ovom temom. Modernom terminologijom iskazano, bavićemo se najpre: prevodnom ekvivalencijom, prevodivošću, negativnim transferom, prevodilačkim kompetencijama, doslovnim i slobodnim prevođenjem, a u okviru tih tema kulturnom transpozicijom i ponovnim prevođenjem. Svaki od navedenih pojmova ćemo zasebno opisati i analizirati, onako kako su bili predstavljeni u spisima dva „teoretičara”
Džahiza (776–868) i Majmonida (1135–1204), kao i najčuvenijeg praktičara, Huneina ibn Ishaka (809–873). Ova tri autora su imali različita neposredna iskustva sa prevođenjem, kao i različite perspektive.

In this study I trace the sources of Saadia Gaon's summary of Plato's cosmogony, in an attempt to account for certain discrepancies regarding the ascription of geometric forms to the different elements, and to understand whether Saadia ascribed to the element fire a conical form (as the Arabic would suggest) or a pyramidal form (as Plato does). Additionally I look at Judah Ibn Tibbon's treatment of the problem, and offer evidence that Ibn Tibbon was using a pharmaceutical text as the source for his geometrical vocabulary in his Hebrew translation of Saadia.

This essay intends to outline a balance of the critical fortune of Arthur Rimbaud in Italy through the history of his translation. The study, which is based on the electronic data-base TRALYT – Translation and Lyrical Tradition between Italy and France (19th-21st Century), under development at the University of Padua, intends to offer a complete bibliographic overview of the translations of Rimbaud’s poems, published in Italy between the end of the 19th century and the second decade of the new millennium.

The history of translation can be traced along the waxing and waning of its visibility and status through the centuries. Its invisibility in the 20th century led to a lowering of its status, but not of its power to mediate cultures and to bridge knowledge.

The Translator’s Roles and Tasks According to German Pre-Romantic and Romantic Reflection on Translation (Herder, Schlegel, Goethe, Schleiermacher)

The current article studies the changing attitudes of the German thinkers of the Pre-Romantic and Romantic periods towards the roles and tasks of the literary translator, based on opinions expressed by J.G. Herder, A.W. Schlegel, J.W. Goethe, F. Schleiermacher. The analysis is performed in an attempt to determine the extent of valuation of the roles imposed on literary translators and the current relevance of the ideas on translation advanced in the period under discussion.

Keywords: German Pre-Romanticism, German Romanticism, hermeneutics, history of German translation studies, J.G. Herder, A.W. Schlegel, J.W. Goethe

Este volumen de estudios es el primero del Proyecto de Investigación I+D «La traducción de clásicos en su aspecto editorial: una visión transatlántica» (FFI2013-41743-P), cuyo objetivo principal es el estudio de las traducciones de clásicos al castellano desde una perspectiva transatlántica. Una perspectiva que resulta integradora no solo porque el personal investigador y docente del grupo pertenece a universidades españolas, argentinas o mexicanas -lo cual anula las posibles pretensiones hegemónicas de un hispanismo tradicional- sino porque los trabajos recogidos abordan los clásicos antiguos y modernos, editados en una u otra ribera del Atlántico, sea desde los estudios de traducción, la historiografía y la filología, o desde los estudios culturales y las ciencias sociales. Esta estrategia de análisis permite responder a las razones editoriales, culturales, económicas o políticas que han motivado la actual eclosión de traducciones de clásicos publicadas a ambos lados del Atlántico, ya no únicamente por casas ilustres como Cátedra, Losada o Fondo de Cultura Económica, sino por otras de aparición más reciente, como Edimat, Axial o Eterna Cadencia.

The present article surveys the early stages of the Graeco-Syro-Arabic Melkite translation movement in Antioch, from the first known translation (the Graeco-Syriac version of the Life of St. Symeon the Stylite the Younger, BHG 1689) dating to 827/8 AD to the Antiochene translators Ibrāhīm the protospatharios, Gregory of Dafnūnā, Chariton of Aršāyā, and Yūḥannā ʿAbd al-Masīḥ (the compiler of the Antiochene Menologion), all of them disciples of the martyred patriarch of Antioch Christopher (d.967). It provides new evidence on each of these translators. Significantly, it re-dates Yūḥannā ʿAbd al-Masīḥ to the early eleventh century.

The points of departure of both Literary History and the field of Translation History as a discipline of Translation Studies may overlap, their aims, however, tend to differ. Translation Studies represent an interdisciplinary field of study, which, for the part of Translation History, significantly draws from the findings of Literary History and Comparative Literature. In order to allow research in this field in its own right and to arrive at relevant conclusions, appropriate methodology needs to be applied. In his study, Tomáš Svoboda presents an overview of some major tendencies in Translation History and lists several specific areas that can be covered by relevant research. The paper's second part focuses on research that has been carried out in Translation History as regards the Baroque period and draws conclusions for further research efforts in this field.