Geopark

Pegunungan Meratus membentang sepanjang kurang lebih 250 km berarah baratdaya-timur laut di Kalimantan Selatan. Pegunungan ini memisahkan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan menjadi dua bagian. Pegunungan Meratus juga menyimpan sumberdaya alam yang melimpah yang menghasilkan bahan galian batubara yang saat ini menjadi komoditi andalan di daerah tersebut. Perlu adanya kawasan yang di jaga kelestariannya sebagai upaya konservasi dan edukasi untuk kepentingan ilmu kebumian. Kawasan Meratus dan sekitarnya khususnya daerah Kota Banjarbaru, Kabupaten Banjar dan Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan cukup memiliki beberapa titik representatif untuk kegiatan geowisata baik keberagaman jenis batuan mewakili satuan resmi penyusun geologi regional Meratus serta keunikan alamnya. Selain itu akses yang cukup mudah di jangkau hanya 20 km dari Bandara Internasional Syamsudin Noor serta tersedia beberapa akomodasi penginapan di Kota Banjarbaru maupun Kota Banjarmasin sehingga daerah ini cukup mudah dan nyaman untuk di jelajahi. Kawasan pertambangan tradisional intan Cempaka menjadi salah satu titik yang menjadi representatif edukasi teknik penambangan tradisional serta proses keberedaan intan tersebut yang berada pada endapan Kwarter. Kemudian, melanjutkan perjalanan ke timur menuju Pegunungan Meratus untuk meninjau perubahan morfologi dan geologi berupa batuan penyusun yang banyak mengendapkan batubara yang di kenal sebagai komoditi andalan Kalsel, hingga ke kawasan Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Sultan Adam yang tersusun oleh batuan tertua di Pegunungan Meratus sebagai representatif variasi kondisi bebatuan dan morfologi yang dihasilkan. Sebagai pengetahuan dasar kepada masyarakat, kawasan ini menjadi cukup representatif menjelaskan beberapa jenis batuan yang di kenal mulai dari batuan beku, sedimen, batuan sedimen hingga batuan metamorf. Selain dalam kepentingan geologi wisata, aspek edukatif daerah ini cukup baik, terbukti sering di jadikan laboratoium lapangan untuk kegiatan praktik lapangan beberapa Sekolah/Perguruan Tinggi yang memiliki program studi kebumian sehingga perlu adanya pemetaan titik upaya konservasi dan pengelolaan kawasan taman alam Pegunungan Meratus hingga adanya pusat penelitian ilmu pengetahuan kebumian di kawasan ini.

The subject of this study is a new geotourism area of Emirhan cliffs, which is located in Sivas city boundaries of the Middle Anatolia Region. It is altitude 1780 metres above sea level and 13 km from Sivas. Emirhan cliffs is a natural geosites, which was overturned of sandstones in the horizontal position in Eocene - Miocene periods due to tectonic and occurred giant layer vertical structures with 90°, covering an area of approximately 15.68 km2 . This geosites area has natural scenery with temporarily waterfalls, differ forms as tafone, wild goat and rock partridge and endemic species on gypsum rocks. At the same time, it has cultural values such as church, protect towers. Emirhan cliffs are new tourism areas to be visiting of hundreds of people to see natural and cultural values every year. In
general framework that geoheritage is a part of Upper Kızılırmak Culture and Natural Way and an ever-increasing important. In this study is addressed on importance related to geotourism of this geoheritage.

Hasil dari karya tulis yang saya buat, tulisan tersebut memuat tentang bagaimana konsep geowisata. Mengingat letaknya yang sangat strategis, membuat Indonesia memiliki kekayaan sumber daya alam yang sangat besar, terutama kekayaan alam non hayatinya, berupa keanekaragaman fenomena geologi yang membentang dari Sabang sampai Merauke. Bentang alam yang pegununngan yang sangati indah beserta segala bentukan khas geologinya yang unik merupakan segala bentuk potensi alam yang sudah dimiliki. Tidak sedikit potensi alam Indonesia yang mampu dibuat menjadi penghasil tempat wisata, yang disebut dengan geowisata (geopark). Selain konsep geowisata, tulisan yang saya buat memuat juga tentang pengembangan geowisata. Perbedaan unsur alam, budaya masyarakat, dan unsur binaan di setiap belahan bumi merupakan hal yang mampu merangsang seseorang atau sekelompok orang untuk mewisatainya. Oleh karena itu, dibahas bagaimana kaitan antara unsur alam dengan geologi. Selain faktor tersebut, perkembangan geowisata juga didukung oleh meningkatnya permintaan wisata minat khusus

The conservation and economic benefits of tourism are recognised in the UNESCO Global Geopark model and have been successfully realised in several regions, although at some of the popular sites visitor management challenges have also emerged. The Hong Kong UNESCO Global Geopark (Hong Kong SAR, China) and Araripe UNESCO Global Geopark (Brazil) illustrate how geoheritage conservation and economic benefits can be achieved through sustainable tourism.
The Hong Kong UNESCO Global Geopark became a national geopark in 2009 and gained Global Geopark status from UNESCO in 2011. The Global Geopark’s objectives are to conserve significant geological heritage, promote geological interests through education and interpretation, and foster sustainable tourism development. It contrasts with geoparks in mainland China, which focus more on tourism development and livelihood improvement. The Hong Kong UNESCO Global Geopark is managed and protected by the Country and Marine Parks Authority. Activities causing disturbance and damage to the biological, geological and cultural assets are prohibited. The advent of the UNESCO Global Geopark designation has
brought about a 5% annual increase in visitation, which now stands at around one million. Local shops, restaurants and taxi services have directly benefited from the increase in tourism-related business, making local business operators strong supporters of the protection of Hong Kong territory’s geological heritage.
Established in 2006, Araripe UNESCO Global Geopark was the first UNESCO-approved geopark in the Southern Hemisphere, and is the only one in Brazil. Basic infrastructure supports over 2.5 million visitors per year who come to the city of Juazeiro do Norte. Common tourist activities in the geopark include hiking, tree climbing, biking, and rappelling.
Araripe Global Geopark contains over 59 geosites known for their scientific, educational and tourism values. The town of Nova Olinda, with some of the most well-known geosite destinations in Brazil, encourages local people to manage tourism.
Nova Olinda is home to the Casa Grande Foundation, an NGO devoted to educating local youth for cultural heritage management.
In 2006, the NGO headquarters received 28,000 visitors—three times the population of the town.
Araripe Global Geopark is an important instrument for achieving sustainable development in the southern portion of the state of Ceará. In 2007, the Ministry of Culture honored​ Araripe with Brazil’s most prestigious cultural prize, the Rodrigo Mello Franco de Andrade Prize.

O livro “Geoturismo e interpretação ambiental” possui conteúdo abrangente sobre geoconservação, geodiversidade e geoturismo com foco voltado para práticas educativas, interpretativas e turísticas. A obra é rica em ilustrações e apresenta exemplos nacionais e internacionais de meios de divulgação e interpretação do patrimônio geológico. São destacadas iniciativas para  a geoconservação, abordando áreas protegidas e tratando especialmente dos Geoparks e a Rede Mundial de Geoparks, sob os auspícios da UNESCO. Além disso, enfoca a educação e a interpretação como uma parte fundamental das atividades geoconservacionistas, uma vez que  o patrimônio geológico também é uma ferramenta pedagógica.

Geopark concept is introduced to establish country's historical value while protecting all the priceless assets and has become an exciting eco-tourism destination. Due to these facts, there is an incredibly increasing number of tourists who will lead to an increasing demand for facilities and other tourism development. Hence, new eco-tourism development, growth and industry become a major concern that gives the potential and adverse impact or pose a problem to the environment. This research will study on the current indicator proposed by Global Geopark Network (GGN) and how the indicator involved in measuring the performance and establishing the Geopark concept.

A proposta do Geoparque Seridó engloba 25 geossítios, os quais estão localizados nos municípios de Cerro Corá, Lagoa Nova, Currais Novos, São Vicente, Florânia, Caicó, Cruzeta, Acari, Carnaúba dos Dantas, Jardim do Seridó e Parelhas, na região do Seridó, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A proposta de geoparque contempla uma área com cerca de 6.000 km² que incluem ainda os municípios de Bodó, Tenente Laurentino Cruz e São José do Seridó (Nascimento & Ferreira, 2013). Considerando o potencial desses municípios, no que se refere a geodiversidade, este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de valorar o patrimônio geológico atrelado a cada município, através da tabulação das informações disponíveis com base na classificação de Gray (2004, Geodiversity: valuing and conserving abiotic nature. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 434p.). Dessa forma, os dados obtidos permitem descrever as características intrínsecas, e aquelas que agregam valor a estes ambientes, tais como cultural, estético, econômico...

At the first meeting of the European Geoparks Network in Molinos in 2000, an overview of Cornwall's geology was presented (Macadam, 2003b). As well as an outline of the geology, the state of geotourism, geoconservation, and geo-education in 2000 was reported. This poster highlights some of the developments since 2000. These include progress in research, progress in education at all levels from primary to postgraduate, publication of material for local people and visitors (some is available in major European languages), developments in visitor centres, development of a virtual museum of Cornish mining, and an audit of resources for the proposal for World Heritage status for the Cornish Mining Landscape. Much of the material is also available on the worldwide web.

ABSTRACT We examined the comparison of geoheritage resources of two natural protected areas: National park Fruška Gora in Serbia and Nature Park Papuk in Croatia. The first one has applied for UNESCO geopark recognition in 2007, while the second one was proclaimed as one the same year. The general hypothesis is that these two geologically similar areas possess comparable geo-resources, which should clarify the causes because of which Fruška Gora still has not been included in geopark network. For their comparison, authors applied previously created Geosite Assessment Model (GAM). GAM consists of two key indicators: Main and Additional Values, which are further divided into 12 and 15 indicators respectively, each individually marked from 0 to 1. This division is made due to two general kinds of values: Main - that are mostly generated by geosite’s natural characteristics; and Additional - that are mostly human-induced and generated by modifications for its use by visitors. The study revealed that the Main Values are similar to both, Fruška Gora and Papuk. However, Papuk Mountain, as a well developed global geopark, has higher Additional Values, with significant international recognition. As these two investigated areas are less than 200 km away from each other, one of the development options could be collaboration of these complementary geotourism destinations through an international and mutual offer that could initiate new geo-destinations and further improve and develop conservation and promotion of geoheritage in a much wider region.