Corpus Linguistics

Morpho-Syntactic Patterns in Spoken Korean English presents fundamental research on the use of English by South Korean speakers. Despite the extraordinary and vibrant status of the English language in South Korean society (demonstrated, for example, by the notion of English Fever), research on the forms of English in the South Korean context has been sadly neglected in the study of World Englishes. This monograph is the first to provide a rich and contextualized description of the Korean English morpho-syntactic repertoire. It draws on the specifically compiled Spoken Korean English (SPOKE) corpus to shed light on Korean uses of plural marking, articles, pronouns, prepositions, and verbs in spoken English, and demonstrates that English is indeed the language of those who use it. This volume will be highly relevant for researchers interested in Expanding Circle Englishes, Asian Englishes, spoken language corpora, and morpho-syntactic variation.

Our paper introduces an experiment aimed at creating a database to be used as the source for a Word of the Day (WotD) application. Using a database of translation equivalents derived from a Czech-Slovak parallel corpus as a point of departure, semi-automated procedures are described that would preprocess the raw data so that the size of the lexicon to be processed manually is minimized. A by-product of this experiment is a list containing Czech to Slovak translation equivalents of differing levels of similarity, which could be an interesting source of information for Czech and Slovak contrastive studies. In the last chapter the lexicographical application of acquired data is described. The criteria for selecting individual headwords remain an open question at the moment. Personally, we lean towards a combination of different aspects so that the final selection is as diverse and user-attractive as possible. The intended microstructure of the WotD dictionary entry is also presented. Its first peculiarity is the dual metalanguage, making it two explanatory dictionaries in one rather than a translation dictionary. Secondly, the content of the entries is closely related to the digital-born and corpus-based nature of the dictionary. Thus, some elements presented in traditional explanatory dictionaries are reduced or completely omitted in our microstructure-while others are highlighted. 1.M Introduction Many online dictionaries and other lexicographic/didactic resources have their Word of the Day (WotD), a feature that on a daily basis focuses on a chosen lexeme, giving users a wide range of varied information about it. For example, Merriam-Webster's WotD 1 presents the profile of the selected word every day. It makes reference to the pronunciation of the expression, its definition, a brief commentary on the origin of the word and connection with other, related words and, eventually, two or three examples of its usage, most often from current media, sometimes also from older literary works. To make WotD even more interactive and entertaining, it also contains numerous links to additional materials concentrated on the Merriam-Webster web portal (such as Test Your Vocabulary, Word Games, Trending Now, Words at Play, etc.). 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111 1 https://www.merriam-webster.com/word-of-the-day.

We present an experiment aimed at integrating XML-encoded dictionary data with corpus processing tools. Tokenized, lemmatized and PoS-tagged, the dictionary data can be processed by a traditional corpus manager such as NoSketch Engine (NoSkE), with the main benefit being the availability of ad-hoc full-text queries, as well as queries restricted to certain structure elements, without having to know too much about the internals of the respective XML encoding. Loaded with data from several Slovak dictionaries, the beta version of the dictionary portal (referred to as LexiCorp) is already used by our lexicographers. We demonstrate the LexiCorp operation in the "Simple Query" mode and the use of "Zone" attribute in queries. However, having in mind that all NoSkE functionalities are available, we can say that users of LexiCorp can now receive a powerful working tool. As NoSkE is an open-source system and implementation of LexiCorp requires just a minor modification of dictionary data and NoSkE's CSS style(s), this approach is applicable to similar lexicographic projects as well. Though not intended to be a replacement of a fully-fledged Dictionary Writing System, it can be conveniently used to supplement functionalities that may be missing there, such as the use of regular expressions, statistics based on XML attributes, and queries related to morphological forms of search expressions.

The authorial stance in academic genres is conveyed with the use of linguistic conventions of disciplines, one of which is metadiscourse. The aim of this study was to compare the use of interactional metadiscourse features (IMDMs) by native academic authors of English (NAAEs) and Turkish-speaking academic authors of English (TAAEs) for the construal of their stance in their doctoral dissertations. In a corpus of 120 doctoral dissertations, IMDMs were analyzed according to Hyland's (2005) taxonomy by using Wordsmith Tools 6.0. Log likelihood statistics was conducted to see whether there was a statistically significant difference between these two groups in their use of IMDMs in terms of frequency and variety. A statistically significant underuse of IMDMs by Turkish-speaking academic authors of English regarding the overall use of 5 subcategories of IMDMs was found.

This article provides a consistent formal grammatical and ontological description of the model of the Tibetan compounds system, developed and used for automatic syntactic and semantic analysis of Tibetan texts, on the material of a hand-verified corpus. This model covers all types of Tibetan compounds, which were previously introduced by other authors, and introduces a number of new classes of compounds, taking into account their derivation, structure and semantics. The article describes the tools used for ontological modeling of Tibetan compounds; special attention is paid to the problem of modeling the semantics of verbs and verbal compounds. Nominal and verbal compounds are considered separately, it is noted that the importance of verbal compounds for the Tibetan language system is not less than that of nominal compounds. The statistical data on the absolute frequency distribution of the use of compounds of different types in the current version of the corpus annotation and on the amounts of ontology concepts associated with each class of compounds are given.

It seems that there are certain linguistic situations ideally adapted for the usage-based approach and the Greek case is one of them. This is a corpus-based study, which is based on the analysis and processing of a large variety of Greek texts in everyday spoken interactions. As our starting point, we argue the panchronic character of Greek lexicon, its extreme conservatism and the man-made character of the formation of the Greek literary standard. Some practical issues such as the choice between monotonic and polytonic orthography, lexemes tagging to obtain more data are addressed here.

Consistent with a populist script, evoking the people has been a nodal point in the discursive unfolding of Brexit and its legitimation. This paper focuses on the mediatisation of the Brexit referendum campaign in a corpus of online British tabloids to address the critical question of how the people in whose name Brexit was (de)legitimised were discursively constructed and mobilized. The argument put forward is that the legitimation of Brexit was achieved through exclusionary definitions of the people and through strategies of fear, resentment and empowerment. This discursive framing points to the wider question of the instrumental role that a large section of the British tabloid press has had not simply in the contingency of referendum but also in the longer-term legitimation chain of Brexit and in its institutionalisation and more generally in the historical priming of their readership with negative coverage of the UK/EU relationship.

Research, by its nature, is a critical challenging task requires in depth knowledge of the subject matter, planning, care, and hard work. From the students' point of view, this paper attempts to explore the challenges that are faced by undergraduates when they are writing proposals and research projects at the early stages. The study target group comprised undergraduates in the final year in the College of Science and Arts, Al-Namas, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Around 60 subjects participated in this study and they were from Department of English and Department of Computer Science who conducted their research projects in English as Second Language (ESL). The Research tools of the study include questionnaire and informal interviews with students and teachers of the target groups. Clearly, the results from study showed that around 70 % of the participants who are writing research or conducting research projects in English is one of the predominant challenges for them. Around 50% prefer to conduct their research in L1. The study explored various and common challenges/difficulties during writing the research proposals and projects such as: difficulty in deciding the topic for research, lack of good knowledge of the methodology, inability of finding modern, specialized and related references, lack of interest in research, lack of understanding of the subject matter, lack of time, and research guiding. The study also attempts to give some suggestions/recommendations for developing the process of writing research proposals and research projects.

El aumento de la demanda por la enseñanza de español en Brasil impone un panorama de cambio en relación a losdiscursos sobre ese idioma en el país. Los textos vehiculados por la prensa configuran un corpus lingüístico apropiado a un análisis crítico de los discursos y de la representación de los actores sociales que participan de ese proceso social y lingüístico de cambio. El presente trabajo enfoca el momento citado, en una visión crítica, mediante el análisis de un corpus conformado por textos periodísticos publicados en Brasil, en España y en Argentina, entre los años 1998 y 2007.El referencial teórico utilizado es el Análisis Crítico del Discurso, entendido como un campo de estudios en el cual confluyen diversas teorías con metodologías propias, aplicadas a la comprensión de los momentos de cambio y de problemas sociales vigentes. A partir de la aplicación de las categorías socio semánticas propuestas por van Leeuwen(1996; 2008), se analizan las diversas formas de representación por Sobredeterminación observadas en el corpus de estudio. Los resultados indican la recurrencia de anacronismos y simbolismos, que funcionan manteniendo latente un pasado de conquista, en momentos actuales de cambio social.

O campo de estudos sobre estilo em tradução vem se constituindo num espaço para a reflexão e análise dos mais diversos aspectos linguísticos nos textos traduzidos. A partir dos subsídios de corpus, pesquisadoras como Baker (2000), Malmkjaer (2003; 2004) e Bosseaux(2004; 2007) demonstraram seu interesse por questões específicas de estilo em tradução,incluindo a voz do tradutor. Munday (2008) também se insere nesse contexto de pesquisa,pelo estudo de aspectos da ideologia vinculados ao estilo em tradução na escrita latino-americana traduzida à língua inglesa. O presente trabalho adota esse marco de investigação,de análise de variações estilísticas num corpus paralelo bilíngue de três traduções feitas pelo tradutor Sérgio Molina, do espanhol ao português brasileiro, de obras do autor argentino Ernesto Sabato. Analisam-se os padrões da apresentação do discurso (fala, escrita e pensamento), conforme Semino & Short (2004), especificamente as variações da categoria Relato de Fala pelo Narrador e as mudanças tradutórias observadas em torno dessa categoria.Os procedimentos metodológicos para a compilação e preparação do corpus de análise,incluindo a etapa de etiquetamento e o emprego de subcategorias e marcadores são os dos estudos da tradução baseados em corpus. Resultados parciais apontam para a mudança demarcas de estilo nos textos traduzidos, com tendência à explicitação de elementos implícitos em passagens de RFN , por meio de diversos recursos léxico-gramaticais, semânticos e pragmáticos.

La presente entrevista con el profesor Giovanni Parodi tuvo lugar en el ámbito de la VII EBRALC (Escuela Brasileña de Lingüística Computacional) y del XII ELC (Encuentro en Linguística de Corpus), eventos realizados entre los días 04 y 07 de noviembre de 2014, en la Universidad Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Durante la entrevista fueron abordados los siguientes asuntos: actuación del profesor Parodi como lingüísta de corpus, a nivel nacional (Chile) e Internacional; definiciones de Corpus y de Lingüística de Corpus y su lugar más amplio en el ámbito de la Lingüística; futuro de la Lingüística de Corpus; descripción de la plataforma "El Grial" y consejos a un estudiante que se inicia en Lingüística de Corpus.

This thesis is part of the project FNS Sinergia 136230 "SMS communication in Switzerland: Facets of Linguistic Variation in a Multilingual Country". The aim of the thesis is to provide analysis of the variety of French interrogative structures in the Swiss SMS Corpus. It also attempts to show how the data originating from spontaneous electronic interaction (instant messaging, texting, WhatsApp, etc.) allows us to broaden the scope and to take a new look at the phenomena of syntactic variation. The French language is known for the wide variety of interrogative structures: 3 variants for yes/no questions (Tu vas au cours ?, Vas-tu au cours ?, Est-ce que tu vas au cours ?), and at least six or eight variants for wh- questions (Tu vas où ?, Où tu vas ?, Où vas-tu ?, Où va ton frère ?, Où est-ce que tu vas ?, Qui va au cours ?, Où c’est que tu vas ?, C’est où que tu vas ?). Therefore, our goal is to understand how SMS writers make the choice between available French interrogative structures. The hypothesis of this study is functionalist: it postulates that under the pressure of various linguistic and non-linguistic constraints, the SMS writer chooses that variant which allows him to best achieve given communicative goals. In order to identify different types of constraints or factors that may influence the choice of variants, a multidimensional analysis model is applied which focuses simultaneously on grammatical, interactional and sociolinguistic parameters.

“Refugees in the EP: a diachronic, contextual and translational approach from CTIS to original, translated and interpreted speeches”

This dissertation is aimed at monitoring the representation of refugees in original, translated and interpreted English from key debates hold in EP’s plenary sessions in 2011 and 2016. Based on theoretical, methodological and applied CTIS, this dissertation draws on a broad methodological framework made up of a theoretical revision of different approaches to institutional translation (ch. 1), of the sociotextual context of the EP and parliamentary debates (ch. 2), and the defining elements of CTIS (ch. 3). Afterwards, we undertake a methodological walk from the compilation to the analysis of the ECPC-i-refugees archive (ch. 4), in order to introduce some results from the analysis later on (ch. 5). From the diachronic, contextual and translational contrast we expect to obtain data on the relevance of interpreting for the period under examination and on the form of expression adopted by the discourse community regarding migrations.

Learning collocations is one of the most challenging aspects of language learning as there are literally hundreds of thousands of possibilities for combining words. Corpus consultation with concordancers has been recognized in the literature as an established way for language learners to study and explore collocations at their own pace and in their own time although not without technological and sometimes cost barriers. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a learner-friendly collocation consultation system called FlaxLC in a design departure away from the traditional concordancer interface. Two evaluation studies were conducted to assess the learner-friendliness of the system: a face-to-face user study to find out how international students in a New Zealand university used the system to collect collocations of their own interest and a user query analysis—based on an observable artefact of how online learners actually used the system over the course of one year—to examine how the system is used in real life to search and retrieve collocations. This paper can be accessed via the following link: https://alannahfitzgerald.files.wordpress.com/2019/09/developing-and-evaluating-a-learner-friendly-collocation-system-with-user-query-data.pdf