Children and Families

The 1970s and 1980s inner suburbs of Melbourne, Australia, in Malcolm (Tass,
1986) and Mary and Max (Elliot, 2010) are places of banality and imprisonment
that beg for imaginative escape. This article argues that the distinctive Penguin
Café Orchestra (PCO) music on the soundtracks of both films defines, facilitates
and celebrates this escape as a product of a child’s imaginary. The shared use of
PCO in both films creates a lingua franca between the titular characters of each
film and a Melbourne that is redefined in these imaginary spaces by characters it
ultimately cannot contain. In contrast to the liberatory and irrational pleasures of
child’s play in Malcolm, in Mary and Max PCO connotes a wonderment borne
from an entrapment in disappointment and loneliness. The need to contain the
imaginary of Melbourne’s outcast daughter, unlike its son, is rendered explicit
through the use of Barry Humphries’ voice-over narration.

The 1970s and 1980s inner suburbs of Melbourne, Australia, in Malcolm (Tass,1986) and Mary and Max (Elliot, 2010) are places of banality and imprisonment that beg for imaginative escape. This article argues that the distinctive Penguin Café Orchestra (PCO) music on the soundtracks of both films defines, facilitates and celebrates this escape as a product of a child’s imaginary. The shared use of PCO in both films creates a lingua franca between the titular characters of each film and a Melbourne that is redefined in these imaginary spaces by characters it ultimately cannot contain. In contrast to the liberatory and irrational pleasures of child’s play in Malcolm, in Mary and Max PCO connotes a wonderment borne from an entrapment in disappointment and loneliness. The need to contain the imaginary of Melbourne’s outcast daughter, unlike its son, is rendered explicit through the use of Barry Humphries’ voice-over narration.

The fifth chapter, entitled ‘Treacherous Mothers, Terrorist Daughters: Migrant Women as Threats’, examines the construction of racialised women as biopolitical and social threats. Since the1990s, women of colour have come to indicate the limits of multiculturalism in Europe (Lentin and Titley 2011; Meetoo and Mirza 2007; Rashid 2014). The chapter traces debates on demography that prescribe pronatalism for white, middle-class European women, while migrant women are problematised for undermining the nation with their reproductive practices. It further explores how the security/migration regime operates its disciplinary power through the criminalisation of migrant mothers. The chapter analyses the heteronormative construction of women as the bearers of the nation and how this role is mediated by race and class.

A Educational Model of EUROPEAN NETWORK PRESCHOOL EDUCATION Quality services for infancy and their families on the educationoriented communities and active citizenship. In our society is become essential an educational development on “child scale” (already theorized by M. Montessori in the first years of ‘900) and “families and educators in Educational Community” (already theorized by J.Dewey on the first years of ‘900) through the realization of a Educational Network, formed by children, families, educators, infancy services management, able to transmit culture and knowledge, by giving identity and common and shared values in the actual Society.

Abstrak Angka kejadian karies gigi pada anak terus meningkat. Timbulnya karies anak dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan ibu dalam merawat kesehatan gigi. Peran gigi sulung adalah sebagai penunjuk jalan bagi pertumbuhan gigi permanen penggantinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut anaknya serta kemauan melakukan perawatan. Subyek penelitiannya adalah ibu dari murid SD kelas satu Banda Aceh yang terdapat karies gigi pada anaknya, menggunakan Total Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan 64% subyek berpendidikan sarjana dan paska sarjana, namun pengetahuan ibu tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut anaknya dengan kategori kurang sebesar 35,5% dan sikap ibu serta kemauan untuk melakukan perawatan didapatkan dengan kategori kurang sebesar 58,1%. Ketika anak mengeluhkan sakit gigi hanya 64% ibu yang merawatkan anaknya ke dokter gigi, 6% ibu justru membiarkan, 6% ibu meningkatkan konsumsi susu dan 24% ibu membawa ke dokter umum untuk diberikan antibiotik. Disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dan sikap ibu mengenai kondisi gigi sulung anaknya belum baik, kemauan untuk melakukan perawatan gigi anaknya juga belum ada dibuktikan frekuensi ke dokter gigi hanya ketika anaknya mengeluh sakit gigi. Kata Kunci: Ibu dan gigi sulung anak, perawatan Abstract Prevalence of dental caries in children continues to increase. Incidence of childhood caries is influenced by the mother's knowledge in taking care of dental health. The role of deciduous teeth is as guide for the eruption of permanent teeth successor. Aims of study to determine the knowledge and attitude of mother about children's primery teeth and the willingness for treatment. The subject of study was the mothers of a primary school student of Banda Aceh who had dental caries in her child, using Total Sampling. Based on the results of study, 64% of undergraduate and postgraduate subjects were educated, but the mother's knowledge about dental and mouth hygiene was less category 35.5%, mother's attitude and willingness to care was less category 58,1%. When a child complains of toothache only 64% of mothers takes care their children to the dentist, 6% of mothers just leave alone, 6% of mothers increase milk consumption and 24% of mothers take general doctor for antibiotics. It was concluded that mother's knowledge and attitude about her child's primery teeth is not good, the willingness to do dental care of her child also has not been proven frequency to dentist only when her child complained of toothache.

This hybrid essay uses a scene from Carlos Fuentes' Old Gringo as a point of departure to re-think discipline. I ask,  metaphorically: Could Puerto Rico be the baby? The question of discipline is approached from two angles:
1)    Attempts by U.S. authorities to both discipline and “save” Puerto Rico;
2)    My efforts as a father to find appropriate ways to discipline my own children.

A fusion of memoir and "creative cultural criticism," this piece grew out of a "Romance of Revolution" class I taught in Puerto Rico, as well as a FYW course in which we read Herman Hesse's Siddhartha--also discussed here.

Abuse of children is considered one of the most serious socio-pathological phenomenon that can occur in families. The first indicators of a child abuse can be information from doctors, data from teachers or police notifications. By analyzing several sources, it has been found that no exist only one factor that would have result child abuse. It is a complex phenomenon that can be caused by a combination of biological, social, cultural economic or environmental factors. The aim of our research was to identify a risk factors which workers from Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship observe in families where child abuse is reported. The research has been conducted using a qualitative research strategy. The interview has been used in order to collect the data. The survey sample consisted from 11 workers from Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship by Local Labour Office, Social Affairs and Family. The results show that there are several risk factors present in families where child abuse is present. As the most serious factors, participants have identified lower mental level of parents, lack of parenting skills. As an important factor in terms of practice it seems to be also the presence of violence in the family of origin. As our participants have pointed out the cultural context of the family has a great impact on perception of violence by family members. On the basis of the findings, work not only with the child but also with the whole family is necessary. Prevention has an irreplaceable place here, not only at the primary or secondary level, but especially at tertiary level. For effective prevention child abuse is consistent identification of risk factors. As a deficiency, we perceive that in the Slovak environment there are no standardized methods of neglect assessment that would be used in the practical exercise of social and legal protection of children. In the context of tertiary prevention, it is necessary to focus on preventing the relapse of abuse and preventing further abuse and the development of long-term health psychological and social consequences.

In Western contexts, 'hand-me-down' and sharing economies of children's clothes, toys and equipment remain one of the most normalised cultures of secondhand consumption. This paper explores the strategies used by mothers to realise the most economic value from these economies in current austere times with the increased possibilities offered by the democratisation of informal buying and selling spaces. Drawing on an ethnographic study of mothers participating in nearly new sales in the UK, the paper outlines the myriad moralities influencing mothers' everyday consumption, use and disposal of children's goods. It argues that providing material goods for children is a thrifty skill with mothers thinking past point-of-purchase to the resale potential of secondhand items. This strategy of trading used children's goods is a practice to circulate resources in the family and keep up with the commodification of childhood.

The present study adds to the existing knowledge about adult children of parents with mental illness. The aim was to explore differences between adult children of parents with mental illness and parents in the general population on a range of adult relationship and parenting variables. Utilizing a cross‐sectional design, 86 adults across Australia participated in this study (47 general population; 39 adult children of parents with mental illness). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and parametric tests. Adult children of parents with mental illness were found to be more permissive in their parenting compared with parents in the general population. However, between‐group differences were not found on measures of parenting competence, adult attachment, and relationship satisfaction. These findings suggest that adult children of parents with mental illness are able to thrive just as well as individuals in the general population but may require some support in the form of parental skills training. The paper concludes by highlighting the role of mental health professionals in the empowerment and resilience building of adult children of parents with mental illness.