I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... УДК: 341.81(410)(477.7)=111=161.2 Igor Lyman , Victoria Konstantinova  BRITISH CONSUL IN BERDYANSK CUMBERBATCH, GREAT-GREAT- GRANDFATHER OF MODERN SHERLOCK HOLMES The article is devoted to the biography and genealogy of Robert William Cumberbatch, the first by chronology official representative of Great Britain in Berdyansk. His son Henry Alfred Cumberbatch, who was born in Berdyansk, became a Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, quite a prominent diplomat. Great-great-grandson of Robert William Cumberbatch and great-grandson of Henry Alfred Cumberbatch is Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch – the contemporary world famous British actor who played Sherlock Holmes in the series Sherlock, received numerous awards and nominations. Keywords: Great Britain, international relations, the Russian Empire, consul, Robert William Cumberbatch, Benedict Cumberbatch In previous issues of created by Professor Vitalij Andreev «Scriptorium Nostrum» we have published a part [28, p. 48-50] of the series [29, c. 51] of articles devoted to British Consuls in Berdyansk and to the history of relations of Berdyansk population with the British. But we still have not published the article about a Consul, whose biography pushed us to write this series. This person is Robert William Cumberbatch – the official representative of Great Britain in Berdyansk, who turned out a great-great-grandfather of Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch – the contemporary world famous British actor who played Sherlock Holmes in the series Sherlock, starred in the films Star Trek Into Darkness, 12 Years a Slave, The Fifth Estate, The Imitation Game, Doctor Strange and many others, received numerous awards and nominations. We planned to publish this article somewhere abroad. However the anniversary of our good friend and colleague Vitalij Andreev forced us to send this research exactly to «Scriptorium Nostrum». Let it be a kind of gift to the person who is not indifferent to Berdyansk, who is a specialist in the history of the Southern Ukraine and who himself is the author of numerous biographical studies. Chronologically, Robert William Cumberbatch was the first British diplomat in Berdyansk. In the paternal line he was a direct descendant of a slave-owning planter on the Caribbean island of Barbados1; in 1866 George W. Marshall wrote about a  Доктор історичних наук, професор, завідувач кафедри історії та філософії Бердянського державного педагогічного університету.  Доктор історичних наук, професор Бердянського державного педагогічного університету, директор науково-дослідного інституту історичної урбаністики. 1 In 1866, George W. Marshall wrote about this genealogical branch of the Cumberbatchs: «The family of Cumberbatch of Barbadoes is apparently a distinct race. Their name was formerly Carlton; which was exchanged for Cumberbatch in obedience to the will of Abraham Cumberbatch, esq. of the same island, who died in 1750. He left his Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 195 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... legend, according to which the family of Cumberbatch (Comberbach) allegedly derived from three brothers (Robert, Roger, and John) who had come to England with William the Conqueror [13, p. 58]. In the maternal line the first British Consul in Berdyansk was (as recently discovered by a historian from the University of Leicester) a relative of King Richard III Plantagenet [38]2. Robert William was born in 1821 in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, situated a few dozen miles from London. His father was Abraham Parry Cumberbatch 3 , his mother – Caroline Chaloner from Guisborough, York [30]4. On October 3, 1843 Robert William Cumberbatch married Ellen Lloyd (a daughter of Edmund Lloyd) in Winkfield, Berks. The same year, «The Gentleman’s Magazine» reported on this wedding [45, p. 647]. According to some information, two children were born (one of them – Ellen Camilla). On June 1, 1845 Robert William was appointed Secretary of the British General Consulate in Constantinople. This appointment was not accidental; just a month before, in May 3, 1845, his half-brother, Abraham Carlton Cumberbatch, became the Consul General in that city. It is interesting that Abraham Carlton was attached in 1825–1828 to the British Consulate in Paris, and in 1828–1830 – to the Consular Department of the Foreign Office. At the time of Robert William Cumberbatch’s arrival to Constantinople, his relative had already worked there for 15 years, being in August 24, 1830 appointed British Vice-Consul, and in November 17, 1834 having received the post of Vice-Consul Chancelier [46, p. 10]5. In 1853 in Constantinople, Robert William Cumberbatch married for the second time with Louisa Grace Hanson 6 , who was born on March 29, 1831 in Pera, Constantinople and was baptized in the chapel of the British Embassy in this city on July 2, 1831. Her brother, Henry James Hanson (1838–1935) left three volumes of autobiography and other sources which shed light on the family history [22]. From this work we found out that the father of Louisa Grace Hanson, Charles Simpson Hanson (1803–1874), was a merchant banker of Constantinople, a member of the Levant Company, who was engaged in particular in trade with the Russian Empire. The mother of Louisa Grace Hanson, Charlotte (died May 5, 1869) was the only daughter of Robert Smith, Speaker of the House of Assembly, Tobago. Parents of estate to his grandson Abraham Carlton, to whom the name of Cumberbatch was confirmed by Act of Parliament. He died in 1785, and was buried in Bristol cathedral, as was his son the Hon. Abraham Cumberbatch, one of H.M.Council in Barbadoes, who died in 1796. Grandsons of the latter are Abraham Carlton Cumberbatch, late Consul at Constantinople; Robert William Cumberbatch, Consul at Smyrna; and Lawrence Henry Cumberbatch, of Queen’s House, Lyndhurst, Deputy Surveyor of the New Forest» [13, p. 58]. 2 According to Professor Kevin Schürer, this genealogical branch links King Richard III Plantagenet with the contemporary actor Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch (see details below). 3 Abraham Parry Cumberbatch was born in Barbados in 1784, in 1805 he married Charlotte, a daughter of Robert Burnett Jones, but she died in 1818, and he remarried Caroline Chaloner. Abraham Parry Cumberbatch died in Tunbridge Wells in 1840 [9, p. 544-545]. 4 Caroline Chaloner was born on October 2 1788, died in 1842. Caroline Chaloner and Abraham Parry Cumberbatch had, besides Robert William, his older sister Emma (baptised in 1820 at Patrixbourne, Kent), Caroline Maria (born 1823 in Tunbridge Wells) and Lawrence Henry (born 1827 in Lyndhurst). 5 Abraham Carlton Cumberbatch was the Consul General in Constantinople until November 30, 1864, when he resigned [23, p. 75]. Abraham Carlton Cumberbatch died on October 24, 1875 in Richmond, Surrey [46, p. 10]. 6 Interestingly, the family of this wife of Cumberbatch was in close business partnerships with the family of another future British Consul in Berdyansk – James Zohrab. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 196 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... Louisa Grace Hanson married in 1829, that is, two years before her birth, and in 1831 bought a house in suburbs of Constantinople (Therapia). This family also had other properties in the capital of the Ottoman Empire. Henry James Hanson recalled in his autobiographical notes that when he returned from England in September of 1854, Robert William Cumberbatch and his wife lived in the house that had been purchased by Charles Simpson Hanson7. In the same 1854 William Ernest, son of Robert William Cumberbatch, was born; however, he died in 1855. That year, the second son, Robert Carlton was born. He lived only 13 years and died in 1868. In 1857 in the family a daughter, Constance Louisa was born. Later she became the wife of a diplomat, Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, Sir Adam Samuel James Block and lived to the 1920s [5, р. 7]. Robert William Cumberbatch was a Secretary of the British General Consulate in Constantinople untill May 24, 1855. Within a year he was the acting 2nd Vice- Consul in Constantinople, and in May 1856 he was appointed as 3rd Vice-Consul of the same Embassy, staying at this post until September of 1857. On January 12, 1858 Queen Victoria appointed8 Robert William Cumberbatch to the post of British Consul in Berdyansk [23, p. 75]. This appointment was reported, in particular, by «The London Gazette» (January 22) [21], «The Spectator» (January 23) [34], «The Law Times» (January 30) 9 , and «The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review» (1858) [43, p. 205]. In Berdyansk a son of Robert William Cumberbatch and Louisa Grace Henry Alfred was born (June 27, 1858 – December 3, 1918), and then, probably (according to dates of birth), two more children – Arthur Herbert (1860–1921) and Edith Catherine (1863–1867) [5]. The son of the British Consul in Berdyansk, Henry Alfred Cumberbatch became a Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, he was quite a prominent diplomat. He studied at Christ College, Finchley. On August 1, 1876, at the age of 18, Henry Alfred was appointed student dragoman in the Embassy in Constantinople, in 1879–1881 he was Vice-Consul in Bucharest, from 1881 – in Soulina (Romania), in 1888–1890 – Consul in Adrianople, Acting Consul General in Philippopolis (Bulgaria), in 1895-1896 – Consul for Kurdistan, from 1896 – Consul, from 1900 – already Consul General in Smyrna, in 1908-1914 – Consul General in Beirut, being responsible for Syria and Lebanon [11, p. 496]. This native of Berdyansk died on December 3, 1918. Henry Alfred Cumberbatch and his wife Helene Gertrude Rees (1869–1928), with whom he married in 1891, had 2 daughters and 3 sons [2, p. 2063. 5. 11, p. 496], 7 «On and after my arrival from England 17th Sept. 1854 Robert Cumberbatch & my sister Louisa lived in the low adjoining house which my father purchased I fancy at the same time as the Big House, the terraced garden being thrown into the gardens of the latter. A high wall had been built on the other side of the Big house as a protection from fire and then later my father purchased the two adjoining houses, no 11 & no 13 the latter of which he rebuilt» [22]. 8 Interestingly, the same day the Queen also appointed a Consul for the ports of Soukhoum Kale and Redout Kale. 9 «The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Robert Cumberbatch, Esq., to be her Majesty’s Consul at Berdiansk on the Sea of Azoff» [35, p. 265]. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 197 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... including the youngest son Henry Carlton Cumberbatch (1900–1966), who later became famous as a submarine commander of the Royal Navy. A son of Henry Carlton Cumberbatch, actor Timothy Carlton Congdon Cumberbatch, is the father of the contemporary world famous British actor Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch10, who was born in London on July 19, 1976. Thus, the actor is the great-grandson of the native of Berdyansk Henry Alfred Cumberbatch and the great- great-grandson of the British Consul in Berdyansk Robert William Cumberbatch. Henry James Hanson recalled in his autobiographical notes that in September of 1859 (in the source it is marked «1839», which is a mistake) he accompanied his sister, Louisa Grace, to Kerch, to meet there her husband, Robert William Cumberbatch. Together they arrived to Berdyansk on September 6, and Henry James Hanson stayed there untill September 17, having fun with Cumberbatch hunting partridges in Berdyansk steppes, which he compared with the Canadian prairies11. During the stay in Berdyansk Robert William Cumberbatch and his family communicated closely with the family of Cornelius Jansen – the man who later became the leader of Mennonite emigration from the Russian Empire to America and whom Mennonites compared with Moses, because he led his people to «the promised land». Cornelius Jansen was a colleague of Cumberbatch, representing in Berdyansk interests of Prussia and Mecklembourg-Schwerin12. Moreover, the British Consulate in Berdyansk was located in one of the houses which belonged to Cornelius Jansen. Playing with their peers from the family of Robert William Cumberbatch older children of Cornelius Jansen (including the future senator of Nebraska) learned their first words in English. The son of Cornelius Jansen Peter remembered the Cumberbatchs as an «estimable family». Robert William Cumberbatch sometimes took Peter Jansen on hunting trips (Peter wrote that there were a lot of hares, ducks and partridges there). It was Cumberbatch who taught the future senator of Nebraska to hunt, which many years later, in the early days of staying of the Jansens on 10 It is significant that early in his career Benedict, like his father, used the surname Carlton: «When I first started I used the same surname Carlton that my father Timothy, who is an actor, uses. But I wasn’t getting very far and when I changed agents, my new agent suggested I revert. I thought Benedict Cumberbatch sounded a bit bumbly and messy, but they said it’s a great name, it will get people talking about you» [8]. Benedict Cumberbatch said about the history of his surname, that he «knows only that the clan was originally German and later became prominent in the Caribbean, where they were slave traders» [27]. But according to George William Marshall the clan had not German, but English roots: Marshall wrote in 1866 that probably the family of Comberbach (Cumberbatch) took surname from Comberbach (Great Budworth, Cheshire), where they settled in the time of Richard I [13]. 11 «1839 – Trip to Berdiansk to escort Louisa and her party to meet Robert Cumberbatch at Kertch [town situated on the eastern end of the Crimean peninsula, controlling the entrance to the Sea of Azov], another kind thought of my father for my pleasure as well as for them. Sept 2 – We left by Russian steamer, Svensa, Bertie and her baby Konnie and I met Robert soon after our arrival. Numbers of Circassians leaving or being driven out of their country awaiting steamer to Constantinople. 3rd left and 6th arrived at Berdiansk, a stormy night and owing to the extreme shallowness of the Sea of Azof, a most choppy sea which I believe upset most of those on board. I left on the 17th after having had some wonderful shooting with Robert on the steppes, like Canadian prairie, we drove to the fields where in the stubble we used to start up corey after corey of partridges which naturally excited me and I let fly often too soon when the corey started up. So many used to fall when we fired that I ventured to pick up one or two of the several which fell» [22]. 12 In 1861, Cornelius Jansen was Vice-Consul of Mecklembourg-Schwerin and consular agent of Prussia. In the early 1860s other foreign colleagues of Robert William Cumberbatch in Berdyansk were the Austrian consular agent Jean Gaspar Ivancitsch, Belgian Consul and French Vice-Consul François Bonnet, Vice-Consul of Denmark Nicolas Lucich, Vice-Consul of Sicily Louis Graffagni, Vice-Consul of the Netherlands Paicos, Consul of Prussia Jean Haemmerle, Vice-Consul of Sardinia Tubino and Tuscan Vice-Consul Ch. Sandrini [6, p. 49, 51, 53, 54, 56, 58, 64, 65]. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 198 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... American prairies, helped Peter to feed his family [26, р. 25. 36, p. 20]. In general, Peter Jansen described Robert William Cumberbatch as a great hunter13. George Hume also wrote about hunting with Robert William Cumberbatch near Berdyansk. This British naval engineer went to the Ukrainian lands of the Russian Empire shortly after the Crimean War and remained there until 1892. There, George Hume collaborated with the company of his compatriot, the founder of Yuzovka (now – Donets’k) John Hughes, and represented Great Britain in Kiev and Kharkov. George Hume left detailed memoirs in which he paid much attention to describing his stay in Berdyansk, including communication with Robert William Cumberbatch. Hume went to Berdyansk, intending to promote British reapers in the local Mennonite colonies. George Hume arrived with two letters of introduction addressed to two Consuls in Berdyansk, Robert William Cumberbatch and Cornelius Jansen. Hume found that both Consuls had already been apprised of his arrival, and they provided a comfortable accommodation for him. George Hume recalled that while awaiting the arrival of agricultural machinery, he accompanied (quite frequently) Robert William Cumberbatch hunting. Probably Cumberbatch liked to hunt at Berdyansk estuaries, which Hume called «lakes». Cumberbatch prepared for hunting seriously: pits covered with straw were constructed specially for him on the borders of some estuaries. In a cold autumn day around 3 a. m., the British Consul and Hume went hunting for wild geese during their migration without success. Returning without trophies, the British met the owner of the territory, who promised a successful outcom if Cumberbatch and Hume would visit him the next morning. The British Consul and the engineer arrived at the appointed time, and the land owner advised them to hide in a cattle herd that was slowly driven towards the wild birds. Hume boasted: «In this manner we arrived within good range, both my shots telling, and between us we bagged seven» [25, p. 51-52]. Another time Hume was invited to accompany Cumberbatch to a snipe hunting on the Yushanly River (a tributary of the Molochna River). The hunting was 13 Peter Jansen (May 21, 1852 - June 6, 1923) in May of 1873 «bid a sad farewell to dear old Berdyansk» (Peter Jansen, Memoirs of Peter Jansen: The Record of a Busy Life: an Autobiography (Jansen, 1921), р. 30) and with the other family members moved to America. At the very beginning of the 20th century he traveled around the Russian Empire and specially visited Berdyansk. He wrote: «I reached Beryansk on the Sea of Azov, the place where I was born, late one evening and went to the hotel for the night, not wanting to disturb my friends. Early next morning, after the customary tea, I started out on a walk through the place where I had first seen the light of day forty-eight years before. It was a peculiar sensation to be back after nearly twenty-nine years. I first went to the market place, where women were selling fish, vegetables and all kinds of produce. Everything seemed just as I had left it, and I felt very much at home. One thing, however, seemed peculiar. In my memory and imagination I had depicted buildings much larger and streets much wider; in reality I found them small and narrow. I sauntered down to the Worontso[v]skaja Ulitsa (Street) and soon found myself standing before the house formerly owned by my father. This also seemed much smaller than I had imagined. The property is now owned by an Englishman. I walked on three houses farther, where lived Mrs. Sudermann, an old friend and neighbor, with her son. The old lady was sitting at breakfast, and as I said «Good morning» she called my name, saying she remembered my voice! These dear friends could not do enough for me and kept me on the jump all the time. I visited our church and sat in the same seat and saw the marks I had made on it with my first pocket knife. I met a great many of my old friends, Russians, Greeks and Jews. All seemed glad to see me. They all remembered my father and his sterling worth and kind heart. I came to realize the truth of the old Scripture text: «The memory of the just is blessed»ю Only too soon the parting hour came, and I found myself alone on the express train for St. Petersburg» [26, р. 76-77]. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 199 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... organized for Cumberbatch by Hahn, the steward of Count Orlov. In the hunt, Hume nearly lost his life because Hahn shot a snipe which was flying low, traversing the back part of Hume’s straw hat. Cumberbatch was next to Hume (they both were «seated on a spring cart»). According to Hume, many years later Hahn (with whom he met accidentally in a train from Vienna) told that he had often recalled the incident, and tears came into Hahn’s eyes [25, p. 52-53]. Thanks to some of the above-mentioned memories we are able to determine more precisely the location of the British Consulate in Berdyansk at the times of Cumberbatch. It follows from the memoirs of Peter Jansen that the Consulate was located on Vorontsovskaya Street, in the house which belonged to Cornelius Jansen and was adjacent to the house where the Jansens lived. Three houses from away the house of the Sudermanns was situated. Peter Jansen met the Sudermanns there when he visited Berdyansk at the beginning of the 20th century. The list of homeowners of Berdyansk published in 1911 contained addresses of several Sudermann’s houses, all of which, with one exception, were situated on Vorontsovskaya Street: 2 – in the 16th quarter, 2 – in the 30th quarter, and 1 – in the 31st quarter [47, p. 90]. If we overlap this data with the map of Berdyansk, we can see that all 3 quarters were located near Vostochnyj Avenue (30th adjoined to this Avenue, the next was the 31st, and the 16th quarter was situated opposite the 30th). These houses were adjacent with the real estate that in 1911 belonged to the British Vice-Consul John Greaves and members of his family. According to Helmut T. Huebert, namely John Greaves purchased the house that previously had belonged to Jansen, and used this building as his residence [24, р. 172]. Peter Jansen just wrote that the house of his father «is now owned by an Englishman» [26, р. 76-77]. It is worth to write more about the consular activities of Cumberbatch in Berdyansk. Correspondence of Robert William Cumberbatch from Berdyansk to London for 1858 [14], 1859 [15], 1860 [16], 1861 [17], 1862 [18], 1863 [19] and 1864 [20] is preserved in the National Archives (the United Kingdom). Already in the first known to us report from Berdyansk, Cumberbatch expressed concern that the Tariff and Custom House Regulations in the Russian Empire were not revised. Thus, many British manufacturers and merchants were diverted from investing their capitals due to the many formalities, unforeseen difficulties and expenses that would appear [4, p. 42]. However, it is known that the new Tariff of the Russian Empire appeared only in 1868 [7], while the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Great Britain and the Russian Empire was signed on December 31, 1858 (January 12, 1859) [53, p. 101-108]. Since then, Cumberbatch acted in accordance with this document, some articles of which regulated directly functions of Consuls. Fragments of reports of Cumberbatch from Berdyansk for 1861–1863 were used in the article «Variation in the Price and Supply of Wheat», published in the «Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England» in 1869 [12, p. 211]. Speaking about the conditions of the Consular profession, from 1858 until 1866, the annual salary of the Consul in Berdyansk was of 400 pounds, of the Clerk in the Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 200 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... Consulate in Berdyansk14, 150 pounds, and that of an office servant, 20 pounds [3, p. 73]. These sums can be compared with salaries of other diplomatic representatives of Great Britain in the Russian Empire in 1860: a diplomat in Warsaw received 1239 pounds, in Petersburg , 1000, in Odessa, 75015, in Riga and Soukhoum Kale, 500, in Kerch and Taganrog, 400, in Arkhangelsk, 300, in Helsingfors, Kherson, Theodosia and Redout Kale, 250, in Moscow, 200, and in Vyborg – 150 pounds [1, p. 21-22]. Regarding the volume of work of the British Consulate in Berdyansk, in 1858 it received 60 documents, compiled and sent 92 despatches, letters, returns etc, and issued 8 bills of health. Up to the fall of 1864, that is, the entire period of stay of Cumberbatch in Berdyansk, the duties of the local Consulate included the protection of Ionian interests and the patronage of an Ionian colony of about 80 people [3, p. 73]. While Robert William Cumberbatch was the British Consul in Berdyansk the Russian authorities finished addressing of the majority of the cases of state compensation to Berdyansk inhabitants for losses (mostly – vessels which had been burned by allies) caused by the British and French during the Crimean War. With a high degree of certainty we can say that on August 14, 1863 Robert William Cumberbatch participated in the celebration of the arrival to Berdyansk of Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov, the heir to the Russian throne, and talked with him. In the detailed description of this visit «Odesskiy Vestnik» mentioned that the heir to the Russian throne stepped off the steamer, went to the pavilion on the pier and «mercifully deigned to speak with foreign consuls» [31, p. 414-415]. The same episode was described in the «Letters About the Journey of the Sovereign Tsarevich Through Russia From St. Petersburg to the Crimea»: «On the pier a round pavilion was arranged, from which the Grand Prince watched the fireworks prepared on the water for his arrival. Thеrе, the harbor master Prince Maksutov presented to His Highness the Consuls of various European nations who were in Berdyansk» [52, p. 557-558]. Among organizers of this visit was the colleague of Cumberbatch, the Consul of Prussia, and from 1863, the mayor of Berdyansk Jean Hemmerle (Haemmerle). On April 25, 1864 Robert William Cumberbatch was transferred from Berdyansk to a new location of the diplomatic service – Smyrna, the Ottoman Empire, where he took the post of Consul [23, p. 75] (according to «The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review» for 1864 this appointment took place on May 6) [44, p. 788]. Later, several children were born in the family of Robert William Cumberbatch and Louisa Grace: George Charles (1865–1866) 16 , Gertrude Evelyn (1866–1924)17, Alice Maud (1868–1869), and Cyril James (1873–1944) [5]. 14 From February 15 to September 19, 1858 the Clerk in the Consulate in Berdyansk was James Barber. As of January 1865 he no longer was in the British diplomatic service [23, p. 55]. 15 This refers to the Consul General. Vice-Consul in Odessa received only 80 pounds. 16 The website «Cumberbatch Family History» regarding George Charles informs that he was born and died in 1865; both events allegedly occurred exactly in Berdyansk [37]. However, this information should be considered erroneous, because in 1865 the parents of George Charles had already left the city. 17 In 1889, this daughter of Robert William Cumberbatch married Albert Charles Wratislaw, who was born in 1862, entered Levant Consular Sirvice in 1883, became Vice-Consul in Smyrna in 1888, Philippopolis – in 1892, Constantinople – 1896, Basrah – 1898, became Consul General in Tabriz in 1903, and in Crete – in 1909 [33, р. 680]. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 201 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... Having the status of the British Consul in Smyrna, Robert William Cumberbatch was the first who signed on May 24, 1865 the «Address of British residents in Smyrna» concerning the assassination of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln [10, p. 620]. In Smyrna, as well as in Berdyansk, Cumberbatch was a «non-trading Consul». His Consular district extended from Simi (south) to Aivoli18 (north) about 200 miles away, and from Ousehak19 (east) to Scio (west) about 220 miles apart. In December of 1871, Cumberbatch reported that his Consulate was open without a break from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., while other Consulates in Smyrna worked only 5 hours per day. In addition, in the summertime, Cumberbatch often had to stay at work until sunset in order not to refuse anyone who visited him. Cumberbatch informed that his whole day was occupied with his duties. At the same time the salary of the Consul in Smyrna was lower than, for example, of the Consul in Alexandria. Therefore, Cumberbatch wrote that this difference will be felt in his superannuation allowance, which he looked forward to obtain when he could «no longer resist the effects of this trying climate» [3, р. 145-149]. However, for adequate perception of the content of the relevant report of the British Consul in Smyrna, it should be noted that same year the British Consul in Berdyansk James Zohrab also wrote to London about the large amount of duties, low salary as well as severity of the local climate. Being in the diplomatic service in Smyrna, Robert William Cumberbatch, whose ancestors were plantation owners, enthusiastically struggled with slave trade [39-41]. In this regard Ehud R. Toledano wrote that Cumberbatch was an «energetic and often overzealous abolitionist» [42, p. 215]. T.G.Otte also mentions this characteristic [32, р. 111-112]. In Smyrna Consul Cumberbatch had a private fund to aid widows and cripples. On March 29, 1876 Robert William Cumberbatch died in the city where he served – Smyrna [46, p. 11]. His wife, Louisa Grace, who also did much in the field of charity, died on January 10, 1910 in Kandilli, a suburb of Constantinople. From Bob Cumberbatch, an author of the specialized website cumberbatch.org, we have received information that the surname Cumberbatch derives from an English village called Comberbach, and can be currently found in countries including: the United Kingdom, Barbados, the United States, Canada, Trinidad, Jamaica, Australia, and New Zealand. REFERENCES 1. A Complete Practical Guide to Her Majesty’s Civil Service, by a Certificated Candidate, an Officer of Her Majesty’s Civil Service (London : James Blackwood, 1860). – Pp. 21–22. 2. A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage (Harrison & Sons, 1910). – P. 2063. 3. Accounts and Papers. Consular Establishments. – Session 6 February – 10 August 1872. – Volume LX (London : Harrison and Sons, 1872). 18 Aivali. 19 Oushak. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 202 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... 4. Accounts and Papers : Thirty Five Volumes (27). Statistic Tables. Colonial and Other Possessions; Foreign Countries. – Session 24 January – 28 August 1860. – VolumeLXV (London : George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, 1860). – P. 42. 5. Ancestors of Charles Anthony Wratislaw. – P. 7. – URL : http://levantineheritage.com/pdf/CAWratislaw.pdf (date of access: 8.05.2015). 6. Annuaire Diplomatique de l’Empire de Russie pour l’année 1861 (Saint- Petersbourg : imprimerie de F.Bellizard, 1861). – Pp. 49, 51, 53, 54, 56, 58, 64, 65. 7. Barnett Vincent «M. Kh. Reutern and Tariff Reform in Russia», in Œconomia – History / Epistemology / Philosophy, 4-1 : Russian Political Economy from Utopia to Social Engineering, part I, (2014). – Pp. 17–27. – URL : http://oeconomia.revues.org/559 (date of access: 29.05.2015). 8. Benedict Cumberbatch’s Rising Star, The Times (November 3, 2007). – URL: http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/theatre/article 2772903.ece#sthash.QqCV3VRl.dpuf ; «Benedict Cumberbatch». – URL : http://cumberbatch.org/index.php/stories/inspirations/benedict-cumberbatch (date of access : 8.05.2015). 9. Brandow James C. Genealogies of Barbados Families : from Caribbeana and the Journal of the Barbados Museum and Historical Society (Baltimore : Genealogical Publishing Co., 1983). – Рp. 544–545. 10. Congressional Series of United States Public Documents. Executive Documents Printed by Order of the House of Representatives, during the First Session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, 1865–’66 (Washington : Government Printing Office, 1866). – Р. 620. 11. Cumberbatch, Henry Alfred, Who’s Who 1914, an Annual Biographical Dictionary with which is Incorporated «Men and Women of the Time», Sixty-Sixth Year of Issue (London : Adam & Charles Black – New York: the MacMillan company). – Р. 496. 12. Evershed H. «Variation in the Price and Supply of Wheat» / H. Evershed // Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. – Volume the fifth. – Practice with Science (London : John Murray, 1869). – Р. 211. 13. Family of Comberbach. Collections for a Genealogical Account of the Family of Comberbach. By George W. Marshall, LL.B. London, 1866. 8 vo. – Р. 58. 14. FO 65/523 – Consuls Cumberbatch, Crowe Eldridge, Clipperton, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254369 (date of access : 18.05.2015). 15. FO 65/542 – Consuls Cumberbatch, Crowe, Lorentz, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254388 (date of access : 18.05.2015). 16. FO 65/559 – Consuls Michele and Cumberbatch, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254405 (date of access : 18.05.2015). Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 203 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... 17. FO 65/590 – Consuls at Berdiansk, Soukhoum-Kalé, Poti ; Cumberbatch, Dickson, Lloyd, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254436 (date of access : 18.05.2015). 18. FO 65/617 – Consuls at Berdiansk, Helsingfors, Taganrog ; Cumberbatch, Crowe, Carruthers, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254463 (date of access: 18.05.2015). 19. FO 65/645 – Consuls at St. Petersburg, Berdiansk ; Michele, Hill, Cumberbatch, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254491 (date of access : 18.05.2015). 20. FO 65/670 – Consuls at St. Petersburg, Berdiansk ; Michele, Hill, Cumberbatch, Zohrab, Wagstaffe, in The National Archives. – URL : http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C254516 (date of access : 18.05.2015). 21. Foreign-Office, January 12, 1858, The London Gazette (January 22, 1858). – Р. 310. 22. Henry James Hanson Collection (GB165-0135) – Archive library, Middle East Centre, St Anthony’s College, Oxford. – URL : http://levantineheritage.com/note27.htm (date of access : 6.05.2015). 23. Hertslet Edward (compiler). The Foreign Office List, Forming a Complete British Diplomatic and Consular Handbook. January 1865 (London : Harrison, 1865). 24. Huebert Helmut T. Mennonites in the Cities of Imperial Russia. Vol. 1: Barvenkovo, Berdyansk, Melitopol, Millerovo, Orechov, Pologi, Sevastopol, Simferopol / Helmut T. Huebert. – Winnipeg : Springfield Publishers, 2006. – Р. 172. 25. Hume George. 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Reimer Gustav Eduard and Gaeddert Gustave Raymond, Exiled by the Czar : Cornelius Jansen and the Great Mennonite Migration, 1874. – Newton : Mennonite Publication Office, 1956. – Р. 20. 37. Robert William Cumberbatch, in Cumberbatch Family History. – URL : http://cumberbatch.one-name.net/getperson.php?personID=I649&tree=001 (date of access : 15.07.2015). 38. Sherlock Star is Richard III’s Second Cousin According to Leading Historian from the University of Leicester, in University of Leicester. – URL : http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/press/press-releases/2015/march/sherlock-star-is- richard-iiis-second-cousin-according-to-leading-historian-from-the-university-of- leicester (date of access : 6.05.2015). 39. The National Archives. – FO 84 (Foreign Office : Slave Trade Department and successors : General Correspondence before 1906), FO 84/1305 «Turkey : Mr. Barron, Mr. Elliot, Sir P. Francis : Egypt : Baghdad, Beyrout, Bosna Serai, Canea, Erzerum, Janina, Jidda, Jerusalem, Rhodes, Salonica, Scutari, Smyrna, Messrs. Stanton, Rogers, Stanley, Kemball, Herbert, Eldridge, Holmes, Boone, Taylor, Stuart, Moore, Raby, Biliotti, Wilkinson, Reade, Cumberbatch. 1869». – Рp. 335–446. 40. The National Archives. – FO 84 (Foreign Office : Slave Trade Department and successors : General Correspondence before 1906), FO 84/1324 «Persia : Mr. Allison, Mr. Dickson ; Turkey : Mr. Barron, Sir H. Elliot, Consular, Egypt, Baghdad, Beirout, Yeddah, Rustchuk, Smyrna, Trebizond, Messrs. Stanton, Herbert, Eldridge, Sourian, Dalyell, Cumberbatch, Palgrave ; Greece : Consular, Corfu, Mr. D'Everson ; Tripoli : Mr. Hay ; Tunis : Mr. Wood. 1870» . – Рp. 234–315. 41. The National Archives. – FO 84 (Foreign Office : Slave Trade Department and successors : General Correspondence before 1906), FO 84/1341 «Turkey : Sir H. Elliot, Consular, Egypt, Smyrna, Beyrout, Jidda, Monastir, Messrs. Stanton, Rogers, Cumberbatch, Eldridge, Sourian, Calvert ; Persia : Mr. Alison ; Morocco : Sir J. D. Hay ; Tripoli : F. R. D. Hay ; Tunis : Mr. Wood. 1871». – Рp. 116–194. 42. Toledano Ehud R. The Ottoman Slave Trade and Its Suppression : 1840– 1890 / Ehud R. Toledano. – Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1982. – Р. 215. 43. Urban Sylvanus. The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review. January–June, 1858 (London : John Henry and James Parker, 1858). – Р. 205. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 205 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... 44. Urban Sylvanus. The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review. January–June, 1864 (London : John Henry and James Parker, 1864). – Р. 788. 45. Urban Sylvanus. The Gentleman’s Magazine. July–December, 1843 (London : William Pickering, John Bowyer and Son., 1843). – Р. 647. 46. Wilson David. List of British Consular Officials in the Ottoman Empire and Its Former Territories, from the Sixteenth Century to About 1860. 47. Весь Бердянск и его уезд. Адресно-справочная и торгово- промышленная книга [Whole Berdyansk and Its Uezd. Address-Reference and Commercial-Industrial Book]. – Simferopol, 1911. – Р. 90. 48. Константінова В. М. Віце-консул Великої Британії у Бердянську Харві Роберт Лоу та його рапорти [Vice-consul of Great Britain in Berdyansk Harvey Robert Lowe and his reports] / В. М. Константінова // Scriptorium nostrum. – 2016. – № 3 (6). – С. 76–91. 49. Лиман І. Специфічна сторінка взаємин бердянців з британцями : дії союзницької ескадри в Бердянську під час Кримської війни в описі британського Офіцера Георга Тейлора [Specific Page of Relations of Berdyansk Population with the British: Actions of Allied Squadron in Berdyansk During the Crimean War in the Description of the British Officer George Taylor] / І. Лиман // Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 1(7). – С. 106–121. 50. Лиман І. Британський консул у Бердянську Вільям Георг Вагстаф [British Consul in Berdyansk William George Wagstaff] / І. Лиман, В. Константінова // Scriptorium nostrum. – 2015. – № 3. – С. 72–90. 51. Лиман І. І. На захисті інтересів Великої Британії у Північному Приазов’ї : консул Джеймс Ернест Наполеон Зораб [Protecting the interests of Great Britain in the North Azov: Consul James Ernest Napoleon Zohrab] / І. І. Лиман, В. М. Константінова // Історія торгівлі, податків та мита [The History of Trade, Taxes and Duties]. – 2015. – № 2. – С. 139–156. 52. Письма о путешествии государя наследника цесаревича по России от Петербурга до Крыма [Letters About the Journey of the Sovereign Tsarevich Through Russia from St. Petersburg to the Crimea]. – Moscow : typography of Grachev and company, 1864. – Рp. 557–558. 53. Полное собрание законов Российской империи [Complete Code of Laws of Russian Empire]. – St. Petersburg, 1861. – Сol. ІІ. – Vol. ХХХІV, part I. – Рp. 101–108. Стаття присвячена біографії та родоводу першого за хронологією консула Великої Британії у Бердянську Роберта Вільяма Камбербетча, який був призначений на цю посаду королевою Вікторією невдовзі після закінчення Кримської війни. Саме у Бердянську народився його син, Генрі Альфред Камбербетч, який теж став консулом Великої Британії. Праправнуком же Роберта Вільяма Камбербетча і правнуком Генрі Альфреда Камбербетча є сучасний всесвітньо відомий британський актор Бенедикт Тімоті Карлтон Камбербетч. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 206 I. Lyman, V. Konstantinova. British consul in Berdyansk Cumberbatch... Ключові слова: Велика Британія, міжнародні відносини, Російська імперія, консул, Роберт Вільям Камбербетч, Бенедикт Камбербетч Статья посвящена биографии и родословной первого по хронологии консула Великобритании в Бердянске Роберта Уильяма Камбербэтча, который был назначен на эту должность королевой Викторией вскоре после окончания Крымской войны. Именно в Бердянске родился его сын, Генри Альфред Камбербэтч, тоже ставший консулом Великобритании. Праправнуком же Роберта Уильяма Камбербэтча и правнуком Генри Альфреда Камбербэтча является современный всемирно известный британский актер Бенедикт Тимоти Карлтон Камбербэтч. Ключевые слова: Великобритания, международные отношения, Российская империя, консул, Роберт Уильям Камбербэтч, Бенедикт Камбербэтч. Scriptorium nostrum. – 2017. – № 2 (8) 207