United Nations

NATO and the United Nations

by Talha Paksoy

A draft for US Foreign Policy: NATO and the UN

Great Britain and the UN Committee of 24

by Helene von Bismarck

op-ed column for the British Scholar Society, May 2012

Should the UN promote International Order or Individual Justice?

by Jonny McCormick

Essay

Estaba Escrito: Lectura De Los Hechos Alrededor De La Muerte De Muamar El Gadafi (It was written: analysis of the facts surrounding the death of Muammar Gaddafi)

by Luis Armando Garcia

Artículo escrito junto al Prof. Dr. Eugenio Pérez de Francisco.
Article coauthored with Prof. Eugenio Pérez de Francisco, PhD.

Breve análisis de los hechos fácticos y jurídicos alrededor de la muerte de Muamar el Gadafi, así como la implicación... more Breve análisis de los hechos fácticos y jurídicos alrededor de la muerte de Muamar el Gadafi, así como la implicación de las Naciones Unidas.
Brief analysis of the legal and implicit facts surrounding the death of Muammar Gaddafi and the possible implications for International Law and the United Nationes. 

The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Turkish Parliamentary Debates (1992-1995): A Constructivist Approach

by Uluslararası İlişkiler

Didem Ekinci, " The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Turkish Parliamentary Debates (1992-1995): A Constructivist Approach ", Uluslararası İlişkiler, Cilt 6, Sayı 22 (Yaz), 2009

Ankara, bu yüzyılın sonuna doğru eski Yugoslavya’daki silahlı şiddet olaylarının bastırılmasına yönelik çabalara... more Ankara, bu yüzyılın sonuna doğru eski Yugoslavya’daki silahlı şiddet olaylarının bastırılmasına yönelik çabalara bütünüyle dâhil olmuşken, meydana gelebilecek olayları önceden görebilmiş, sürekli olarak derhal çok taraflı müdahale çağğısında bulunmuş ve Batı’daki konuya ilişkin müphem durumun aksine saldırgan ve mağdur ayrımına dair kararlı bir tutum sergilemiştir. Siyasi partilerin politikalarının temelinde Türkiye’nin Balkan mirası/kimliği, saldırganlığa karşı duruşu ve Balkan geçiş yollarının Türkiye için önemi bulunmaktaydı. Bu çalışma, üç zaman diliminde ele alınan meclis tartışmalarından elde edilen ayrıntılı ampirik verilerden yola çıkarak, inşacı çerçevede Türk ‘devleti’nin, kimliğinin, çıkarlarının ve karşılıklı öznelliklerinin hangi koşullarda işlediğini incelemektedir. Son olarak, Ankara’nın savaşa ilişkin dış politikasının, farklı siyasi geleneklerden gelen partilerin oluşturduğu koalisyon hükümetleri bulunmasına rağmen iyi hazırlanmış olduğu belirtilmektedir.

Paying Danegeld to Pirates–Humanitarian Necessity or Financing Jihadists

by Tim René Salomon

Operationalizing the Responsibility to Protect: A Contribution to the Third Pillar Approach

by Daniel Fiott

Daniel Fiott, Robert Zuber & Joachim Koops (eds.)

This eBook is a response and contribution to the challenges of the third pillar of the Responsibility to Protect... more This eBook is a response and contribution to the challenges of the third pillar of the Responsibility to Protect principle. This pillar focuses on the international responsibility to take timely and decisive action to prevent and halt genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes and crimes against humanity in those instances where a state is unable or unwilling to protect its own population. As RtoP moves further away from discussions on norms towards operationalization, and following the concerns raised by the intervention in Libya, further thinking and clarity needs to be developed on the capacities needed for a timely and decisive response under pillar three. This eBook is a contribution to this end.

Japan's Return to the Chequebook? From Military Peace Support to Human Security Appropriation

by Nik Hynek

published in "International Peacekeeping" Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 62-76. ISSN 1353-3312.

America: An Empire In Decline (Part 3)

by Devon DB

Current foreign policy under the Obama administration is examined (from the Cheonan incident to the Arab Spring) and... more Current foreign policy under the Obama administration is examined (from the Cheonan incident to the Arab Spring) and there is a brief examination of what may lay in store for America's future.

The 2012 Coup in Guinea-Bissau: CPLP, Portugal, Angola, Brasil and…wait…Guinea!

by Daniel Rio Tinto

Blog Post from the Imminent Crisis Blog, 2012.

Available at: more Available at: http://imminentcrisis.wordpress.com/2012/04/21/the-2012-coup-in-guinea-bissau-cplp-portugal-angola-brasil-andwaitguinea/

Please access the text on the blog and leave your comments to improve discussion! Thank you!

Piece written for the Imminent Crisis Blog - http://imminentcrisis.wordpress.com/

In the labyrinth of international community: the Alliance of Civilizations programme at the United Nations

by Niels Lachmann

Published in Cooperation and Conflict 46(2), June 2011, 185-200

The conceptualization of international community presents important challenges for the study of international... more The conceptualization of international community presents important challenges for the study of international relations. This article suggests that it is best considered as an attempt to build a universalistic framework through transnational practices that however remains challenged by particularistic dynamics, even though it is supposed to be common to all international actors. The article addresses both the complexity and the normative implications of community-building at the international level through the example of the Alliance of Civilizations, a programme of the United Nations which aims to promote intercultural understanding and thus to counter tendencies towards a ‘clash of civilizations’. Among similar attempts, the late-1990s and early-2000s Dialogue among Civilizations appears both as a blueprint and as a measure of difference of outlook and development. The universalistic outlook of such efforts is challenged by the essential place of states, the singling out of tensions between the ‘West’ and the ‘Muslim world’ which points to exclusionary tendencies, and the reliance on security references to favour stakeholdership by international actors in the community-building attempt.

Culture and practices as institutional dynamics across organisations

by Niels Lachmann

Draft article to be handed in - do not quote

The European Union’s external action is supposed to be inspired by effective multilateralism, a commitment to... more The European Union’s external action is supposed to be inspired by effective multilateralism, a commitment to cooperate with other multilateral actors and to strengthen them. The EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy’s articulation with those organisations that are identified as its partners for international crisis management shows however much more ambiguous institutional dynamics. This ambiguity appears in two conceptual perspectives: the EU’s strategic culture concerning the place the use of force should have in its external action, and the communities of practice formed by personnel from the organisations or their members. Relations are then carriers for implicit struggles about hierarchy.

Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab World: an Analysis of Flows and an Evaluation of Country Specific Business Environment

by Abed El-azez Safi

This is my Master's Thesis of Master in International Management (MIM) at University of Trento, Italy

Safi, A. Zamrian, M. “Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab world: an Analysis of Flows and an Evaluation of Country Specific Business Environment” Published in "University of Trento: Italy." March 2012.

Currently, Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) are considered to be one of the most attractive tools of international... more Currently, Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) are considered to be one of the most attractive tools of international business for large investments in foreign countries. International business is transforming the world in a way that has not been possible in previous years. On the other hand, FDI is growing faster than international production within the framework of international trade. This makes it possible for FDI to become a major instrument of spreading wealth. Global FDI flows rose to $1.24 trillion in 2010, but were still 15% below their pre-crisis average. This is in contrast to global industrial output and trade, which were back to pre-crisis levels. The UNCTAD estimates that global FDI will regain its pre-crisis level in 2011, increasing $1.4–1.6 trillion, and approaching its 2007 peak in 2013. This positive scenario holds, barring any unexpected global economic shocks that may arise from a number of risk factors still in play. Concerning the Arab world for the last two decades the FDI has been grown very fast regarding to the new policy. The political instability discourages investors to pay attention to risky spot. Arab world FDI and stocks is concentrated in few countries and sectors, for instance about 80% of the FDI in 2010 is concentrated in six countries: Saudi Arabia 42%, Egypt 10%, Qatar 8%, Lebanon 7%, United Arab Emirates 6% and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 6%. The business environment and the economic performance of the Arab World still improving and the new policy and regulation that have been implemented in the Arab countries increased the attractiveness level of the FDI toward Arab countries. Despite the low rank of WGI in Arab World and the correlation of investment in some of the six indicators between countries in the Arab world especially in the highest receiver of FDI flows and in particular the GCC region the Business Doing reported great rank in regards to the proper business atmosphere for foreign investors. The six of the Arab countries Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Tunisia and Oman have climbed the scale on the ease of doing business ranked among the top 50 out of 183 countries, while Algeria, Comoros Mauritania, Iraq and Djibouti ranked very low on the same scale. The new policy and modification, which has been confirmed from World Bank by the Doing Business reports about the business environment of Arab World, show that their domestic laws in these countries pay attention to foreign companies to increase the investment in Arab world.

[Non-refereed Op-ed] Whose Arms Will Embrace You? The United States and the Beijing Consensus

by Amarnath Amarasingam

The United States is increasingly playing a game of subtle communication in the international arena. I suspect we had... more The United States is increasingly playing a game of subtle communication in the international arena. I suspect we had a passing glimpse of this at the 19th Session of the Human Rights Council, which gathered in Geneva last month. The question is: who is the United States talking to and what is it trying to say?

Time for a transformation towards/into my Excellent Monetary System and Society

by Wilfred Berendsen

This is a draft version of an article about the real cause of debt crisis and the solution. It also partly discusses that inflation is NOT an argument against creation of money without debt creation. Which is basically one of main features of my innovation for the money system. But the ways how money is created is also important just like who is allowed to do so. And the aims and possibilities. This paper discusses the possibilities and aims and also what is wrong with current monetary policies and current monetary system. And the fact that my innovation for the money system, leading to the excellent monetary system, can and will not only solve the debt crisis or financial crisis worldwide, but is also a tool for great additional possibilities. Like cancelling really all of taxes worldwide, detaching/decoupling income from wages and working (which is really needed given growing efficiency and creating a situation where unemployment is neither negative nor a problem anymore) and creating a situation with enough money for anything that is really desirable to maintain. Like healthcare, eldery care, caring for the weak in society. But also additional improvements in society since money is not a problem - or better not a constraint- anymore in the Excellent Monetary System initiated by me. This paper is still a draft but should make clear that the idea of my innovation from the money system origins from me, just like the understanding about real causes of the crisis - insanity/incompleteness of current money system- and the real solution. Also this paper should complement my book on amazon about the crisis and solution. I already mentioned the possibilities of my innovation there but did not label the situation that will unfold then as being the Excellent Monetary System initiated and created by me. Whatever, this is my creation and will drastically improve future society. First the debt crisis can and will be solved with it. And after that, the innovation can be used within the Excellent Monetary System and society to create a much better future for humankind and fix some of current problems and prevent future ones. This draft will be perfectionized and then i will forward it , submit it, to Journal of Political Economy (JPE).

STATE AND SOCIAL CHANGES A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AND SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE OF THE INDONESIAN NOVELS 1980s – 1990s

by aprinus salam

Nationalism and Personal Identity in Indonesian Novels By Aprinus Salam

by aprinus salam

"The importance of cultural competence in dealing with post-war societies – the Western Balkans case"

by Jelena Petrovic

Co-authored with Hristiana Grozdanova (EU Policy Advisor), published by Centre for studies of religion, politics and society. Re-published by: TransConflict (The Global Coalition for Conflict Transformation) and the Alliance for Peacebuilding

A low level or complete absence of cultural competence may not only inhibit conflict resolution, but may also serve to... more A low level or complete absence of cultural competence may not only inhibit conflict resolution, but may also serve to halt overall regional cooperation, group interaction and relations with international actors.

Palestinian Statehood: A Step in the Right Direction

by Hannah Russell

In September 2011 the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) sought from the United Nations recognition of a... more In September 2011 the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) sought from the United Nations recognition of a Palestinian state consisting of the West Bank, Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem; areas which have been occupied by Israel since the 1967 Six Day War. In the preceding months campaigning gained momentum, speculation increased as to the outcome and hopes of an end to occupation and a solution to the conflict as a whole were raised. However, while it is easy to get carried away with the symbolism of a Palestinian state being recognised by one of the world’s most respected bodies, there are a number of considerations which must be kept in mind. At best this bid for full United Nations membership is a symbolic step in the right direction towards conflict resolution. However, irrespective of whether it is successful, it will not provide an instantaneous end to occupation nor will it put an immediate end to the grave violations of international law by Israel which persist. Even Chief Palestinian negotiator, Dr Saeb Erekat, has cautioned that “it is just the beginning of a long way towards Palestinian statehood… it does not aim at delegitimising any state, but to delegitimise and isolate the Israeli occupation.” This paper explores in detail the potential successes and shortfalls of the statehood bid.

An Analysis of the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations in East Timor

by Christopher Allen-Shinn

I wrote this paper in spring 2009 for PLS 241 International Relations at TNCC.

This paper presents an analysis of the relatively successful UN peacekeeping operations in East Timor (Timor Leste)... more This paper presents an analysis of the relatively successful UN peacekeeping operations in East Timor (Timor Leste) with a focus on the lessons that could be applied to future conflict resolution.