Spanish Civil War

Represión, restricción, manipulación: estrategias para la ordenación de la sociedad y del Estado

by Matilde Eiroa San Francisco

Hispanianova, nº 6, dossier monográfico,

La embajada en Praga y el servicio de Información de Jiménez de Asúa

by Matilde Eiroa San Francisco

Chapter in Ángel Viñas (dir.) Al Servicio de la República. Diplomáticos y Guerra Civil, Marcial Pons y Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores.
pp. 207-240, 2010.

Sobrevivir en el socialismo: organización y medios de comunicación de los exiliados comunistas en las democracias populares

by Matilde Eiroa San Francisco

Historia Social, nº 69, 2011, pp. 71-89

Bon Pastor, Barcellona: Dalla Resistenza al "Rinnovamento"

by Stefano Portelli

Published online on "Officina della Storia", 28/1/2010.

Brief history of Barcelona's Bon Pastor neighborhood, built in 1929 on the shore of the Besós river to give shelter to... more Brief history of Barcelona's Bon Pastor neighborhood, built in 1929 on the shore of the Besós river to give shelter to immigrants and former shanty town dwellers, and actually being demolished as a consequence of Barcelona's urban renewal process.

Induced to Volunteer? The Predicament of Jewish Communists in Palestine and the Spanish Civil War

by Nir Arielli

Despite there being no recruitment office in Palestine, dozens of members of the local Communist Party, mainly Jews,... more Despite there being no recruitment office in Palestine, dozens of members of the local Communist Party, mainly Jews, left the country to take part in the Spanish Civil War. First, this article examines the political and social circumstances which influenced individuals’ decisions to volunteer. The Palestine Communist Party operated illegally. A combination of pressure from the British mandate authorities, hostility from the Zionist establishment and acute internal disputes, following the party’s participation in the Arab Revolt in Palestine (1936–9), created strong push factors that encouraged many Party members to leave the country. The article also examines the volunteers’ ideological motivation and the transport and support networks that were necessary to bring them to the war zone. By exploring these issues, the article seeks not only to illuminate the particular case of the volunteers from Palestine, but also to make a contribution to the comparative study of foreign volunteers in modern conflicts.

Una revisión fílmica de Franco y la Guerra Civil: contrapropaganda y memoria en 'Caudillo'

by Alberto N. García

"Una revisión fílmica de Franco y la Guerra Civil: contrapropaganda y memoria en 'Caudillo'", Historia Social, nº 57, 2007, pp. 27-46.

The film Caudillo (B. M. Patino, 1974) builds –from a continuous rhetorical collision between the two factions– an... more The film Caudillo (B. M. Patino, 1974) builds –from a continuous rhetorical collision between the two factions– an anti-portrait of Franco and a chronicle of the ideological and military aspects of the Spanish Civil War. The director deconstructs the icon created along forty years of official images, political and historical symbols, social rites and some ideological and informative manipulation. Caudillo reutilizes archive footage –national and republican– in order to present a historical re-reading, far away from the vision of the official Franquist media.

NACIÓN Y CLASE EN EL COMUNISMO BRITÁNICO. INTERNACIONALISMO, ANTIFASCISMO Y DEMOCRACIA EN LA CULTURA POLÍTICA DEL PERÍODO DE ENTREGUERRAS (1919-1939)

by Adrià Llacuna

III Encuentro Jóvenes Investigadores, 13 - 16 de Septiembre 2011 (Vitoria-Gasteiz)

El marco interpretativo del período de entreguerras nos ofrece la oportunidad de examinar cuáles fueron los elementos... more El marco interpretativo del período de entreguerras nos ofrece la oportunidad de examinar cuáles fueron los elementos predominantes de los grupos políticos que pasarán a formar el incipiente Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) en 1919/20 y como éstos evolucionan en el tiempo condicionados tanto por el contexto nacional, como por la situación internacional. Partiendo de este modelo, se pretende analizar las manifestaciones políticas y culturales socializadas entre los grupos afines al partido. Principalmente, se debe prestar atención tanto a sus órganos de prensa, como a sus declaraciones públicas en forma de mitin político, discurso, panfleto o celebración conmemorativa. Por otro lado, esta base ideológica propia, formada con los años y heredera de los partidos fusionados en el CPGB (el British Socialist Party o el Socialist Labour Party entre otros), se verá en constante contraste con los análisis y directrices del comunismo internacional (a través del Comintern) y tendrá una traducción práctica en su línea o campañas políticas. Por tanto, siguiendo este esquema, se examinarán de forma contextualizada las campañas a favor de la lucha antiimperialista (Irlanda, la India, Egipto, entre otros) contra “su propia” nación (o contexto nacional), así como la lucha contra el fascismo y la defensa de la democracia en España.

Di Giovanni- Masculinity, Misogyny, and Mass in Los girasoles ciegos (2004) by Alberto Méndez

by Lisa Di Giovanni

El yacimiento de Casas de Murcia (Villa de Vallecas). Un fortín republicano en la segunda línea de defensa de Madrid capital

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Jorge MORÍN DE PABLOS, Marta ESCOLÀ MARTÍNEZ, Ernesto AGUSTÍ GARCÍA, Gabriel ARENAS YBARRA, Rafael BARROSO CABRERA,
Amalia PÉREZ-JUEZ GIL

Published in Cæsaraugusta, 78. 2007, pp.: 749-764

La construcción de la L.A.V. Madrid-Frontera Francesa, conexión Madrid-Barcelona/Madrid-Sevilla, ha permitido plantear... more La construcción de la L.A.V. Madrid-Frontera Francesa, conexión Madrid-Barcelona/Madrid-Sevilla, ha permitido plantear el estudio de diferentes yacimientos arqueológicos afectados por la traza. Los primeros indicios de poblamiento en el enclave de Casas de Murcia parecen remontarse a épocas prehistóricas como evidencian algunos restos de industria lítica hallados durante la excavación. El cerro estuvo ocupado también durante la II Edad del Hierro, sin que se pueda precisar la entidad real de este hábitat. Más importantes, sin duda, son los restos arqueológicos pertenecientes a la Guerra Civil de 1936-39. El cerro formó parte del dispositivo de defensa republicano en el sector Sur de Madrid, defendido por las columnas mandadas por Líster y Bueno. Durante los meses anteriores a la campaña de Madrid se realizaron diversos trabajos de fortificación y defensa del territorio
que circunda la capital. Estos trabajos previos eran imprescindibles de cara a una defensa eficaz de la plaza, ya que la peculiar orografía de este sector sur, una extensa llanura,
habría de convertirse en uno de los principales protagonistas de la campaña. En el yacimiento de Casas de Murcia se ha podido documentar un organizado sistema defensivo que aprovecha la excelente situación del cerro de cara a su defensa y cubrir al mismo tiempo la vega del Manzanares. Dicho sistema consta de una trinchera que rodea el saliente del cerro y viene a enlazar con un puesto de mando de planta rectangular situado en retaguardia. En determinados puntos estratégicos del cerro se excavaron diversos puestos de observación y nidos de ametralladora, de forma que la vega del río queda expuesta al fuego de los defensores. El yacimiento ha proporcionado abundantes restos materiales de la ocupación del cerro durante la guerra civil, como privilegiado escenario que fue de la ofensiva nacional sobre el Jarama entre noviembre de 1936 y febrero de 1937 (munición, pertrechos, objetos de carácter «civil»: tinteros, envases de medicinas, etc.).

Estudio histórico-arqueológico de un refugio de la Guerra Civil española en el barrio madrileño de Vallecas

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Marta García Martos, Victoria Pérez Tello, Jorge Morín de Pablos, Francisco José López Fraile.

While performing the excavation works associated to the “Nuevo Colector By-Pass de Abroñigales, Tramo 3 Sur" in... more While performing the excavation works associated to the “Nuevo Colector By-Pass de Abroñigales, Tramo 3 Sur" in Madrid a small refuge was located, probably built during the battle of Madrid, in the spanish civil war. The importance of this finding goes to the fact that is one of the fewt documented examples of this defensive architecture in Madrid.

El Taller de Gráfica Popular: Propaganda and Mexican Political Discourse, 1937-1950

by Robert Palermo

Η Ισπανία του Καζαντζάκη και ο Καζαντζάκης της Ισπανίας (La España de Kazantzakis y Kazantzakis en España)

by Anna Rosenberg

Actas de la jornada sobre Nikos Kazantzakis, Atenas, Fundación Cultural Aikaterini Laskaridou, 2011, pp. 115-124.

Arqueología de la Guerrilla Antifranquista en Toledo. La 14.ª División de la 1.ª Agrupación del Ejército de Extremadura y Centro

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Jorge Morín, Benito Díaz, Rafael Barroso, Marta Escolà, Mario López, Amalia Pérez-Juez, Ricardo Recio, Fernando Sánchez

Published in Bolskan, 21 (2004), pp. 181-188

The prospecting works for the construction of the eolian park of Sierra de Altamira, in the boundary between the... more The prospecting works for the construction of the eolian park of Sierra de Altamira, in the boundary between the Castilla-La Mancha community and Extremadura, have allowed us to set out the study of different sites affected by these works. Among them we can highlight the prospecting of the area where the 14th Division of the 1st Group of the Extremadura and Centre Army, included in the chart organization chart of the Centre Guerrilla Army, led by the communist José Isasa Olaizola, Fermín. The works have allowed us to locate and study the scenes where the activities of this guerrilla group took place, from the end of the civil war until the breakup of the group, after Quinconces’ death on
October 27th, 1946.

El patrimonio arqueológico de la Guerra Civil: la necesidad de su conservación como testimonio de una época

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Amalia Pérez-Juez, Jorge Morín, Rafael Barroso, Marta Escolà, Ernesto Agustí y Fernando Sánchez.

Pátina. Diciembre 2003. época II. Nº 12, pp. 125-133.

The archaeological excavation of a section of the line of trenches built for the republican defence of Madrid during... more The archaeological excavation of a section of the line of trenches built for the republican defence of Madrid during the Spanish Civil War has revealed the wealth of material heritage that is available for establishing a greater appreciation of this major conflict in the recent history of Spain. During the research carried out, we found war weapons but also a range of objects that bore witness to daily life in the trenches. Similarly, the trenches themselves highlighted the complex construction system created to protect the capital. It is for this reason that we have embarked on a project aimed at the conservation and adaptation of the archaeological heritage of the Spanish Civil War. The project, the
broad lines of which are outlined below, has been designed with two purposes in mind, conservation and transmission, given that the education of new generations has been the guiding principle behind most of our work.

El patrimonio arqueológico de la guerra civil. La protección de espacios asociados a la guerra civil española

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Amalia Pérez-Juez, Jorge Morín de Pablos, Rafael Barroso Cabrera, Marta Escolà Martínez, Ernesto Agustí García, Mario López Recio, Fernando Sánchez Hidalgo.

Published in Bolskan, 21 (2004), pp. 171-180

The excavation and subsequent study of the site of Casas del Canal (Villa de Vallecas, Madrid) was the starting point... more The excavation and subsequent study of the site of Casas del Canal (Villa de Vallecas, Madrid) was the starting point for our proposal: the preservation and fitting-out of the archaeological sites of the Spanish civil war.
The aim of this project is the spreading of the history by means of a non-traditional mechanism. We have written information and some graphic documents, as well as the extensive bibliography that came out after the end of the conflict, which makes it the most studied war apart from the first world war. But, for the moment, none of the physical spaces where the events took place, the context which witnessed those facts, has been fitted-out.

La Batalla de Madrid (1936-39). Excavaciones en las defensas de la capital

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Francisco José LÓPEZ FRAILE, Jorge MORÍN DE PABLOS, A. RODRÍGUEZ FERNÁNDEZ.

Published in Complutum, 2008, Vol. 19 Núm. 2: pag 47-62

The impact originated by several public infrastructures (urban development, roads and high-speed train) on the... more The impact originated by several public infrastructures (urban development, roads and high-speed train) on the archaeological heritage of the Community of Madrid motivated a considerable number of archaeological interventions. This allowed us to excavate and document different kinds of remains related to this
period of our recent history, particularly several fighting positions of the Battle of Madrid, which took place during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).

Arqueología de la Guerra Civil en Toledo. El frente Sur del Tajo y el cigarral de Menores: un escenario de guerra.

by Luis Rodríguez-Avello Luengo

Co-authored with R. Barroso Cabrera, J. Carrobles Santos, J. Morín de Pablos, J. L. Isabel Sánchez, F. J. López Fraile, J. M. Curado Morales e I. Criado Castellanos
Published in Archivo Secreto nº 5 (2011), p. 330-348.

This article deals with the problems associated to the study of the Spanish civil war in Toledo. The huge historical... more This article deals with the problems associated to the study of the Spanish civil war in Toledo. The huge historical bibliography available concentrates mainly in the Alcazar’s episode, leaving aside the establishment of a front south of river Tajo, one of the most important fronts of the conflict. It took shape at the beginning of the war, and remained active until the end of it. The prospection works have been developed considering the Tajo’s Southern Front as a sole unit, including all the fortification systems. On the other side, the study of the material culture recovered in the positions permits their assignment to one side or the other, as it was not a stable front during the war; some positions changed their colour several times during it. Moreover, the systematic study of the materials clarifies certain episodes of the conflict, as for example the intervention of tanks and armoured vehicles in some of the battles. Finally, it’s necessary to point out the disappearance of some parts of this front during the past years, due to intense building activity in this area and the construction of an important infrastructure as the ring road of Toledo; this destruction has been performed without the correct study and documentation of the parts or elements affected. This lack of information has been compensated with the study of available historical maps and aerial photography of the area.

Key words: Archaeology, Spanish Civil War, Tajo’s Southern Front, Toledo

Can You Home Again? Desertion and Control of Hometowns in Civil Wars

by Theodore McLauchlin

Working Paper no. 34, Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals, 2011.

What allows an armed group in a civil war to prevent desertion? This paper addresses this question with a focus on... more What allows an armed group in a civil war to prevent desertion? This paper addresses this question with a focus on control in the rearguard. Most past studies focus on motivations for desertion. They explain desertion in terms of where soldiers stand in relation to the macro themes of the war, or in terms of an inability to provide positive incentives to overcome the collective action problem. However, since individuals decide whether and how to participate in civil wars for multiple reasons, responding to a variety of local conditions in an environment of threat and violence, a focus only on macro-level motivations is incomplete. The opportunities side of the ledger deserves more attention. I therefore turn my attention to how control by an armed group eliminates soldiers’ opportunities to desert. In particular, I consider the control that an armed group maintains over soldiers’ hometowns, treating geographic terrain as an important exogenous indicator of the ease of control.  Rough terrain at home affords soldiers and their families and friends advantages in ease of hiding, the difficulty of using force, and local knowledge. Based on an original dataset of soldiers from Santander Province in the Spanish Civil War, gathered from archival sources, I find statistical evidence that the rougher the terrain in a soldier’s home municipality, the more likely he is to desert. I find complementary qualitative evidence indicating that soldiers from rough-terrain communities took active advantage of their greater opportunities for evasion. This finding has important implications for the way observers interpret different soldiers’ decisions to desert or remain fighting, for the prospect that structural factors may shape the cohesion of armed groups, and for the possibility that local knowledge may be a double-edged sword, making soldiers simultaneously good at fighting and good at deserting.

“Elogio del olvido.” Rev. of David Rieff, Against Remembrance (Melbourne: U of Melbourne P, 2011). FronteraD, 16 Feb. 2012.

by Sebastiaan Faber

¿Cabe definir el recuerdo colectivo como un deber moral? ¿Hallamos situaciones en las que sería preferible no saber... more ¿Cabe definir el recuerdo colectivo como un deber moral? ¿Hallamos situaciones en las que sería preferible no saber qué ocurrió hace años? ¿Por qué no podría haber paz sin justicia? Las preguntas que plantea el ensayista neoyorquino David Rieff son fundamentales y de gran importancia para sociedades que, como la española, lidian con un pasado conflictivo y traumático. En junio de 2010, Fernando Savater publicó un artículo en El País en la que recomendaba este breve libro a sus compatriotas “para enriquecer su perspectiva”. Pero por más provocadores e importantes que sean los interrogantes que aborda Rieff, en su libro apenas  logra clarificarlos, ni responderlos de una forma que hagan justicia a su complejidad.

'"Chaos. Slaughter. War Surrounding Our Island.": Virginia Woolf in the Daily Worker'

by Alice Wood

Published in Virginia Woolf Miscellany 76 (2009).