(Dis)entangling Desire in Passing
by Tyler Carson
Irene Redflield in Passing is a seemingly dull and insipid character in contrast to the flamboyant and hyperbolic... more Irene Redflield in Passing is a seemingly dull and insipid character in contrast to the flamboyant and hyperbolic nature of Clare Kendry. Yet, as Irene’s character develops she captures the critical reader’s attention, becoming a fruitful, complex, and intriguing object of analysis. At the beginning of the novel, Irene presents herself as a woman in control of her body, her emotions, and her social relations. However, with the return of her childhood friend Clare Kendry—whose lifestyle she strongly repudiates—Irene’s notions of herself become unhinged. Indeed, by the end of Passing, Irene’s entire sense of self becomes completely destabilized. This essay will explore Irene’s dyadic relationship with Clare and will analyze why her identity is troubled by the emergence of this character. I posit that Clare’s presence evokes some of Irene’s repressed and unspeakable queer desires, effectively challenging the statement that “to [Irene] security was the most important and desired thing in life” (Larsen, 1929, p. 107, emphasis added). An examination of Irene’s different positions and subjectivities—including race, class, and gender—will reveal how these identities intersect, interact and ultimately work to constrain and delimit her sexuality.
27 views
Seen by: and 9 moreO Legado Grego: Shame and Necessity, de Bernard Williams
Dicta & Contradicta, v. 8, p. 242 - 254, 12 dez. 2011.
News as a looking glass: Shame and the symbolic power of mediation
Published in 'International Journal of Cultural Studies' (2012), vol. 15(1): 3- 16. DOI: 10.1177/1367877911411795
This article brings together the literatures on shame and mediation in order to consider whether shame is generated,... more This article brings together the literatures on shame and mediation in order to consider whether shame is generated, or amplified, in situations of mediation such as those when people find themselves exposed in the news media. Acknowledging the social nature of shame that presupposes the other’s regard for oneself, and drawing on a revision of Cooley’s concept of the ‘looking-glass self’ to describe the monitoring of the self from the point of view of the others in the context of mediation, the article argues that news can be a looking-glass through which viewers mirror themselves. Apart from heightening the awareness of the other’s gaze and expectations, news becomes a looking-glass in a more literal way. This occurs in the instances of mediated exposure when people find themselves unwillingly in the news. After an initial theoretical discussion of the emotion of shame and how such theories need to be revised in order to capture the structural transformations pertaining to mediated interaction, the article concentrates on a personal narrative of unwanted mediated exposure and observes how shame can be generated and amplified in the context of mediation, thus revealing the symbolic power of the media with potential consequences for social monitoring and conformity.
Th e Prediction of Gender and Attachment Styles on Shame, Guilt, and Loneliness
by Halil Eksi
Müge AKBAĞ, Seval ERDEN İMAMOĞLU
Educational Sciences: Th eory & Practice
10 (2) • Spring 2010 • 669-682
Th e purpose of this study is to examine the predictive power of attachment styles and gender
on negative social... more
Th e purpose of this study is to examine the predictive power of attachment styles and gender
on negative social emotions such as shame, guilt, and loneliness. Th e sample consists
of 360 (183 female, 177 male) students attending to diff erent departments of Marmara
University. Th e Relationships Questionnaire, Guilt-Shame Scale, and UCLA Loneliness
Scale were used as instruments. Results obtained from hierarchical regression analysis
showed that gender has a predictive power on shame, solely. When the predictivity of
attachment styles on negative social emotions was examined, the results revealed that shame
was predicted by secure and dismissing attachment style, whereas guilt was predicted
by only dismissing attachment. Furthermore, all attachment styles played a determining
role on loneliness.
85 views
Seen by:Shame: the ingenious quilt [dissertation]
SHAME: THE INGENIOUS QUILT
A study of the relationship between shame and the
presenting issues of those seeking therapy
In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
Master of Counselling
Shame is commonly described in the literature as “painful”, which may account for the relative poverty of research... more
Shame is commonly described in the literature as “painful”, which may account for the relative poverty of research into this affect, compared, for example, with anger or abuse. Part
of the problem is that the terminology for the affect, shame, has yet to be conclusively settled, and debate continues as to whether shame is a distinct affect, or the extreme emotion in a
continuum that might include embarrassment, shyness, and humiliation. In addition, a longstanding confusion between and conflation of shame and guilt exists. The research leans
heavily towards a phenomenological, psychic and physiological distinction that empirical studies – both quantitative and qualitative – repeatedly confirm. Equally significant is the
likely, almost inevitable, question of “disguise”. Shame notoriously lies, not merely dormant, but deliberately hidden. Exposure of perceived flaws is the greatest terror for the shamebased person. Nevertheless, shame may well be the underlying pathology in a range of presenting issues, especially abuse. This study seeks to examine some of those issues and to determine whether clinicians recognise or deem it appropriate to tackle shame itself, or alongside the presenting issues clients bring into therapy. Using the qualitative approach of
interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), the research examines responses from four psychotherapists, all of whom recognise the presence of shame in their clients’ presentations.
Although the therapists’ backgrounds and theoretical perspectives vary, the majority effectively use non-judgemental, non-shaming approaches with their clients, in other words, a
person-centred approach that seeks to form a therapeutic relationship of trust and validation of emotion and experience. The significance of shame for further research, possible inclusion
in coursework, and for clinicians lies in the under-researched nature of shame, its prevalence in all cultures and communities, and in the breadth and diversity of shame’s presentation in
the therapeutic landscape.
Differentiating shame from guilt
co-authored with F. Teroni, published in Consciousness and Cognition, Vol. 17 (4), pp. 1063-1400, 2008.
The Genesis of Shame
Published in The Philosophical Review (2001). Reprinted in Self to Self.
The moral emotion of shame The moral emotion of shame
119 views
Seen by:2011-12-14-Recommendations Diversity Panel for the Police
Issues and Recommendations for
Police Officers for Cases Involving People of Diverse Backgrounds:
Diversity Panel for
Training Police Officers of the Department of Police and Public Safety
Northern Illinois University
Barsema Hall, 300, Northern Illinois University
December 13, 2011
© 2011 Dr. Rey Ty
International Training Office
Division of International Programs
Issues and Recommendations for
Police Officers for Cases Involving People of Diverse Backgrounds:
Diversity... more
Issues and Recommendations for
Police Officers for Cases Involving People of Diverse Backgrounds:
Diversity Panel for
Training Police Officers of the Department of Police and Public Safety
Northern Illinois University
Barsema Hall, 300, Northern Illinois University
December 13, 2011
© 2011 Dr. Rey Ty
International Training Office
Division of International Programs
Prolegomena to Digital Communication Ethics
published in Journal For the Study of Religions and Ideologies, nr. 13, Spring 2006, pp. 23-31, Arts & Humanities ISI databases.
Shame Theory
by Brian Taylor
“Humans should be ashamed of themselves.” This will be a predominant message of 2010. I know this is an accurate... more “Humans should be ashamed of themselves.” This will be a predominant message of 2010. I know this is an accurate prediction because I'm one of the people who is going to be spreading the message. There seems to be a controlled shift in popular Western culture to move past Guilt and go directly to Shame. I believe these ends are achieved purposefully and professionally by many different sources but all seem to be cashing in on the following idea, which this essay will examine in detail: Due to the much stronger emotional response to shame stimuli than to guilt, either individually or collectively, those wishing to take advantage of this response would be best served by promoting a message of fallibility rather than culpability. Your required action might be to buy a salad spinner, vote, or to save the Earth, the “range of possibility” is limitless. So in order for us to have this conversation we must delve deep into what guilt and shame are, what differentiates them from each other in individual circumstances as well as culturally and we must do all this while flipping between CNN and the Home Shopping Channel.
Anti-Social Engineering the Hyper-Manipulated Self
by Brian Taylor
When one does philosophy, one dismantles strings of concepts into their respective parts to examine both the parts... more
When one does philosophy, one dismantles strings of concepts into their respective parts to examine both the parts themselves and the relationships the parts have with each other. This semantic reduction provides us the best possible opportunities for finding truth. This was exactly the type of skill Brian Taylor needed to write his new book Anti-Social Engineering the Hyper-Manipulated Self, postpaper publishing, ISBN: 978-0-557-99909-5 http://stores.lulu.com/postpaper
The book began as a series of blogged essays in a response to the “Authenticity” movement presented by the like of Eckhart Tolle, Andrew Cohen and to a lesser extent, Dr. Phil. These men, and others, were coming to conclusions on the idea of authenticity that were, among other things, subjective fallacies, rife with interpretation and possibly counterproductive. On the other side of the coin we had skeptical guru Michael Shermer or perhaps Richard Dawkins making up one half of the “four horseman of the non-apocalypse.” These men, “scientists,” were and still are guilty of the same faults as their spiritual counterparts, interpretations rather than knowledge. Brian Taylor wanted to know, “Are there any actual answers in the arena of the self and its power?” As it turns out, reality is far stranger than ever before known and we actually know so much less than we think we do, if it can be said that we know anything authentically, at all.
After four years of research into our ideas about the self through the ages, the sciences of the self and what the self is, this book comes to the conclusion that the modern self, you and I today, are not only manipulated, but that manipulation is sought out, required and pre-programmed. This is a book about how we are all being intentionally hyper-manipulated without our knowledge, by whom and to what end.
To “anti-social engineer” is to counter this phenomenon of modernity through critical consciousness, dubbed “assignee's prerogative.” This self direction is aimed toward eudaemonia, which is an Aristotelian idea roughly meaning “happiness and promotion,” and it is further suggested that virtue is found in the mean between excess and deficiency, in these concerns. This sounds rather simple in such a paragraph form, rest assured, chasing the meanings and relationships of these ideas to any philosophical depth requires a maze of rabbit holes and someone to guide you through them. Taylor is nothing if not thorough in this regard.
Entertaining, personal, conversational, exact and profound, this book has a strange undercurrent, almost a charge running through it. Most clearly defined in it's most opinionated moments, there is a subtext, not a call to arms but to a social contract. Taylor says, throughout the book, that it is specifically battling social engineering, the command, hidden or not, “think this about that.” Yet, he too wants us to think a certain way, a centrist “golden mean,” a path of no extremes. Making an argument against his ideas is difficult, regardless of the talking points he uses. (These vary from possible moral objections we may hold for prostitution or murder, to social norms such as supporting the troops or the war on terror.) In his most controversial moments, when objectivity is at its thinnest, the author's existentialism shines through and he suggests it's better to not claim to know something than to suspect something incorrectly. The exception to this rule is when the social engineering is secret, malicious, degenerative or merely in error.
There are things that we can do anti-social engineer our hyper-manipulated selves and Taylor spells these tasks out clearly. Firstly, social engineering, be it delivered by a television commercial, ideology, civility, social construct, etc. is to be expected and recognized. Then Taylor presents us his Philosophy Generator which is described as “a dismantling of paradigm” and a way to determine if any particular social engineering is more persuasive or manipulative. If we are able to first know what it is we are deciding, then do our best possible thinking on the matter, which is what working through the Generator is for, we should be able to be confident in our decision, whatever it may be. Furthermore, given the standardization of awareness, contemplation and centrist philosophy, it should be expected that the same benefit experienced by individuals would transfer to societies.
The book ends with a chapter called “God wears a yellow hat.” It is concluded with a list of 24 interesting intentions, (23 actually, one of them is missing,) this list is not meant to be a complete index of the topics discussed, but rather an indication of the book's scope. The war on terror, the war on drugs, food transportation, consumerism, capitalism, communism, false flags, dehumanization via technology, God, 2012, patriotism, culture, globalization, human rights and religion. There is an entire chapter devoted to a reasonable discussion between the two sides divided over the conspiracies associated with September 11, 2001. This book discusses conspiracy as it dismantles thought, which is a strange dichotomy. Taylor seems to want to convince us that he is a reasonable man, with a reasonable method and if such a man can find a reasonable conspiracy, we can take the suggestion from the fringe to the mainstream. He may be right. However, this is not a conspiracy book, this is a book about thinking.
One comes away from the experience of reading this book enticed to do more and this is the goal. Anti-Social Engineering the Hyper-Manipulated Self is about taking responsibility and looking ahead, prudently. It doesn't want to take anything away from you, you're entitled to have your beliefs as the author has his. We need our beliefs and we even need social engineering, these things are part of a natural, healthy species. The dangers of our beliefs are represented by the lack of awareness of them and the inability to think critically about them. Taylor argues that, if in fact we are not thinking well about the things we believe, we are not living up to the reasonable purpose we have as human beings. This appreciation of hyper-reality and our place in it defines our authenticity and is the promise expressed by the 21st Century Enlightenment.
125 views
Seen by: and 23 moreApologizing for Who I Am
published in Journal of Applied Philosophy 28.2 (May 2011): 137-150, co-authored with Jordan Collins
Philosophical discussions of apologies have focused on apologizing for wrong actions. Such a focus overlooks an... more Philosophical discussions of apologies have focused on apologizing for wrong actions. Such a focus overlooks an important dimension of moral failures, namely, failures of character. However, when one attempts to revise the standard account of apology to make room for failures of character, two objections emerge. The first is rooted in the psychology of shame. The second stems from the purported social function of apologies. This paper responds to these objections and, in so doing, sheds further light both on why we apologize (when we are in the wrong) and on why we accept apologies (when others are).
12 views
Seen by:Facing Atrocity: Shame and Its Absence
Abstract
In this paper I focus on four varieties of shame absence. My hope is that reflection on these varieties... more
Abstract
In this paper I focus on four varieties of shame absence. My hope is that reflection on these varieties of shame-absence will go some way to giving us a more complete picture of the role that shame plays in our moral character and in discussions of atrocity. I note that the shame that emerges from an exposure to atrocity can be in part what leads us to identify the event as atrocious.
I progress to argue that when shame is absent, this absence can serve to blind us to the atrocity that is before us and that is ours to work to prevent. Feeling shame is part of seeing the atrocity for what it is in an appropriate emotionally-engaged manner. It is thus a vital part of being human, and its absence in certain cases is an all-too-human failure of humanity.
Toward a Cultural Phenomenology of Intersubjectivity: The Extended Relational Field of the Tzotzil Maya of Highland Chiapas, Mexico
by Kevin Groark
In Press: Language & Communication (Special Issue: “Intersubjectivity: Cultural Limits, Extensions and Construals”; E. Danziger and A. Rumsey, eds.)
*Note: This is an uncorrected page proof. When citing, please refer to the final published version.
Among the Tzotzil Maya of San Juan Chamula (Chiapas Highlands, Mexico), dream experience, symptom formation, and... more Among the Tzotzil Maya of San Juan Chamula (Chiapas Highlands, Mexico), dream experience, symptom formation, and certain forms of emotionally heightened self-consciousness are drawn upon to gain knowledge of the social surround. Through an exploration of these ostensibly non-intersubjective domains (and their epistemological and ontological entailments), I begin to trace the contours and dynamics of the “extended relational field” of the highland Maya, emphasizing a distinctly multimodal approach to intersubjectivity which includes interpersonal relations, intersomatic processes, and soul-based “counterpart relations.” By attending to social experience across diverse phenomenal levels, contemporary Tzotzil Maya are able to cultivate a more fully dimensional understanding of the dispositional surround—particularly in terms of those aspects of feeling and intention that are systematically stripped from most face to face interactions. Through this discussion, I hope to broaden the frame through which we view cross-cultural inflections of intersubjectivity, emphasizing the importance of tracing the differential manifestations of relational processes across diverse—and often unexpected—experiential registers, only some of which involve “minds coming to knowing other minds.
151 views
Seen by:
