Download (.pdf) Psychometrische Validierung von Fragebögen für epidemiologische Studien: Psychometrische Prüfung der COPSOQ-Skalen in der lidA-Kohortenstudie. Ergebnisse des Pretests zum Befragungsinstrument (CAPI). (Willner M, Iskenius M, Hardt J
Willner M, Iskenius M, Hardt J. Psychometrische Validierung von Fragebögen für epidemiologische Studien: Psychometrische Prüfung der COPSOQ-Skalen in der lidA-Kohortenstudie. Ergebnisse des Pretests zum Befragungsinstrument (CAPI). Mainz//2011. 56. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (gmds), 6. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epidemiologie (DGEpi). Mainz, 26.-29.09.2011. Düsseldorf: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; 2011. Doc11gmds127 (11gmds127)
DOI: 10.3205/11gmds127, URN: urn:nbn:de:0183-11gmds1276.
Einleitung: Die lidA-Kohortenstudie untersucht die Einflüsse arbeitsbezogener (vor allem psychosozialer... more
Einleitung: Die lidA-Kohortenstudie untersucht die Einflüsse arbeitsbezogener (vor allem psychosozialer Arbeitsfaktoren), personenbezogener sowie sozialer Faktoren auf die Gesundheit älterer Erwerbstätiger sowie weitere Outcomes. In einem sequentiellen Kohortendesign werden 6.600 Erwerbstätige zweier Geburtsjahrgänge (1959, 1965) mit einem Computer-assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) befragt [1]. Das Befragungsinstrument umfasst vorwiegend Skalen und Items etablierter Instrumente, die jeweils originär als Fragebogen entwickelt wurden. In einer Feasibility-Studie wurde 2010 ein Pretest des CAPI-Instruments durchgeführt und mithilfe psychometrischer Analysen wurde geprüft, ob die testtheoretischen Gütekriterien [2], [3], [4] der Skalen bei Verwendung im CAPI mit den Werten der Fragebogenversionen vergleichbar sind und im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Studie eingesetzt werden können. Die Ergebnisse der psychometrischen Analysen werden hier für 6 Skalen des COPSOQ-Fragebogens [5], [6] dargestellt.
Methoden: Der Pretest des CAPI-Instruments wurde an einer Stichprobe von 200 Personen durchgeführt. Das umfangreiche Befragungsinstrument umfasst u.a. 6 Skalen des COPSOQ, der die individuelle Bewertung von Arbeitsbedingungen (z.B. quantitative Arbeitsanforderungen, soziale Unterstützung, Führungsqualität) mit validierten Skalen basierend auf likertskalierten Items erfragt. Für die Items der COPSOQ-Skalen wurden deskriptive Statistiken, Schwierigkeitsindizes, Trennschärfekoeffizienten und interne Konsistenzen (Cronbach's alpha) berechnet sowie Verteilungsannahmen geprüft. Zur Analyse der Konstruktvalidität wurde die Dimensionalität der Skalen geprüft. Nach Interkorrelationsanalysen der Skalen wurden die Item-Werte z-transformiert und mit einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse (Varimax-Rotation) die Faktorenstruktur der verwendeten COPSOQ-Skalen geprüft.
Ergebnisse: Es zeigten sich Decken- und Bodeneffekte für Items in drei der sechs Skalen (soziale Unterstützung, Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten, Einfluss bei der Arbeit). Die Werte aller Items der 6 Skalen waren nicht normalverteilt, Schiefe (Median = -0.14; Range: -1.45 – 1.03) und Kurtosis (Median = -0.62; Range: -1.39 – 1.64) variierten stark. Die Schwierigkeitsindizes für die 6 Skalen variierten von 25-77, die Trennschärfekoeffizienten von 0.57-0.86 (alle signifikant) und Cronbach's alpha von 0.63-0.88. In der Hauptkomponentenanalyse bestätigte sich die angenommene 6-Faktoren-Lösung mit den höchsten Faktorladungen der Items auf dem jeweiligen Skalenfaktor (MW = .760, Range: .518-.864).
Diskussion: Die psychometrische Qualität der COPSOQ-Skalen im CAPI wurde insgesamt als gut bewertet. Die bekannten Decken- und Bodeneffekt bestätigten sich. Schwierigkeitsindizes und Trennschärfekoeffizienten zeigten akzeptable Werte und die faktorielle Struktur konnte bestätigt werden. Die COPSOQ-Skalen scheinen damit für die Verwendung im CAPI ausreichend validiert und werden in der deutschen Version [6] vergleichbar mit Referenzpopulationen eingesetzt.
Gliederung
Literatur
1. du Prel JB, Hardt J, Rauch A, Rose U, Schröder H, Steinwede J, Swart E, Trappmann M, Müller BH, Hasselhorn HM, Peter R, the lidA Study Group. A prospective longitudinal investigation of work-related health determinants of an aging workforce in Germany – the lidA Study. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies. 2010;1(3 Suppl):281.
2. Lienert G, Raatz U. Testaufbau und Testanalyse. Weinheim: Beltz Psychologie Verl.-Union; 1998.
3. Bühner M. Einführung in die Test- und Fragebogenkonstruktion. 3rd ed. München, Boston: Pearson Studium; 2010
4. Streiner D, Norman GR. Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press; 2008.
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Pejtersen JH, Kristensen TS, Borg V, Björner JB. The second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Scand J Public Health. 2010;38(3 Suppl):8-24.
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Methoden zur Erfassung psychischer Belastungen – Erprobung eines Messinstrumentes (COPSOQ). Schriftenreihe der Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Fb 1058. Berlin: BAuA; 2005.
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by Faith Martin
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Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (doi10.1007/s11136-006-9152-6> contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Book chapter in In: Victor R Preedy, V.R., Watson, R.R. Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. Springer: Netherlands
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