Paraguay

El cooperativismo en Paraguay: especial referencia a las cooperativas de producción

by Alfonso Vargas-Sánchez

Autores: Alfonso Vargas Sánchez, Zulema B. Nacimiento Coronel
Localización: CIRIEC - España. Revista de economía pública, social y cooperativa, ISSN 0213-8093, Nº. 34, 2000 , págs. 189-224

Bird Surveys and Conservation in the Paraguayan Atlantic Forest, Project CANOPY '92: Final Report

by Thomas Brooks

Brooks, T.M., Barnes, R., Bartrina, L., Butchart, S.H.M., Clay, R.P., Esquivel, E.Z., Etcheverry, N.I., Lowen, J.C. & Vincent, J. (1993) Bird Surveys and Conservation in the Paraguayan Atlantic Forest. Project CANOPY ‘92: Final Report. BirdLife International Study Report 57: 1–145.

Del granito al archipiélago: el Partido Colorado sin Stroessner

by Benjamin Arditi

en D. Abente (Ed.), Paraguay en transición, Nueva Sociedad, Caracas, 1993, pp. 161-172.

The ‘Workingman’s Paradise’, White Supremacy and Utopianism: The New Australia Movement and Working-Class Racism

by Stephanie Mawson

Labour History, No. 101, November 2011 http://asslh.org.au/journal/contents-and-abstracts/journal-contents-no-101/

When a group of 220 Australian colonists set sail for Paraguay in 1893 to found New Australia, they took with them... more When a group of 220 Australian colonists set sail for Paraguay in 1893 to found New Australia, they took with them many of the idiomatic beliefs associated with the late nineteenth century Australian working class, including an ideological belief in the racial superiority of ‘Teutonic Australian bushman’. The radically unfamiliar environment of Paraguay, however, caused many of the colonists to confront the racist ideological underpinnings of the New Australia movement. The importance of race in shaping the colonists’ experiences of Paraguay and the Paraguayan population has often been overlooked in what is otherwise a well-studied episode in the history of utopian socialism. By carefully examining the role that racial ideology played in defining the New Australia movement, it is possible to reassess in a new light the tensions that ultimately led to the failure of the utopian ideal.

Hetherington, Kregg. 2012. "Promising information: democracy, development, and the remapping of Latin America." Economy and Society 41(2): 127-150.

by Kregg Hetherington

‘Information' is an enormously promising, if ambiguous term in post-Cold War development thinking. In the last three... more ‘Information' is an enormously promising, if ambiguous term in post-Cold War development thinking. In the last three decades, international development agencies have argued that Latin American land reform policy should focus not on redistributing land but on creating more information about land and making it as widely accessible as possible. These proposals, which I call ‘cadastral fixes' to rural underdevelopment, are understandably attractive and seem to fit well with democratic values of transparency and openness. But I argue that the use of the word ‘information' to connote both democratic rights and the apparatuses devised by economists to improve the rural economy is misleading. ‘Information' is productively vague, allowing development experts to change their projects in the face of failure without questioning the fundamental economic premises on which their reforms are built. As I show in this case study of Paraguayan cadastral reform, the history of these refinements shows a shift, under the rubric of open information, towards increasingly disciplinary forms of intervention in the politics of land.

La"politicidad" de la crisis y la cuestión democrática. Poder político, economía y sociedad en el Paraguay (1987)

by Benjamin Arditi

en Fernando Calderón y Mario R. dos Santos (compiladores), Latinoamérica: lo político y lo social en la crisis, CLACSO, Biblioteca de Ciencias Sociales: Buenos Aires, 1987, pp. 93-164.

Stretching the Border: Smuggling Practices and the Control of Illegality in South America

by Jose Carlos G. Aguiar

Published by The Global Consortium on Security Transformation (GCST)

The Tri-Border Region in South America spreads across the frontiers of Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina. It encompasses... more The Tri-Border Region in South America spreads across the frontiers of Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina. It encompasses a trans-border urban conglomerate of about 600 thousands inhabi- tants in the three countries. Through the years, it has been a frontera porosa (porous border) where tra􏰇cking boomed after Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner declared Ciudad del Es- te a free-trade zone in the 1960s. The city soon became a shopping paradise for counterfeit, cigarettes and spirits. Yet, since the 2000s there are sings of some reordering in the region.  Policies increase state intervention to halt trafficking in electronics, drugs, weapons and humans, and any kind of undocumented border crossing.

Germany’s Diplomatic Efforts during the 1929 Mennonite Immigration Crisis.

by Erwin Warkentin

Published in "The Mennonite Historian" 31.3 (2005): 4-5 & 8.

An Empirical Analysis of Gender Bias in Education Spending in Paraguay

by Thomas Masterson

Gender affects household spending in two areas that have been widely studied in the literature. One strand documents... more Gender affects household spending in two areas that have been widely studied in the literature. One strand documents that greater female bargaining power within households results in a variety of shifts in household production and consumption. An important source of intrahousehold bargaining power is ownership of assets, especially land. Another strand examines gender bias in spending on children. This paper addresses both strands simultaneously. In it, differences in spending on education are examined empirically, at both the household and the individual level. Results are mixed, though the balance of evidence weighs toward pro-male bias in spending on education at the household level. Results also indicate that the relationship between asset ownership and female bargaining power within the household is contingent on the type of asset.

Productivity, Technical Efficiency, and Farm Size in Paraguayan Agriculture

by Thomas Masterson

This essay assesses the relationship between farm size and productivity. Both parametric and nonparametric methods are... more This essay assesses the relationship between farm size and productivity. Both parametric and nonparametric methods are used to derive efficiency measures. Smaller farms are found to have higher net farm income per hectare, and to be more technically efficient, than larger farms.

Land Rental and Sales Markets in Paraguay

by Thomas Masterson

This paper examines the claim that the land rental market can be an effective means of redistributing access to, if... more This paper examines the claim that the land rental market can be an effective means of redistributing access to, if not ownership of, land to the rural poor, using Paraguay as our model. The land sales market is also examined. The land rental market in Paraguay's rural areas is found to be very thin, due at least in part to a lack of available credit for inputs. Renting-in substantial amounts of land is found to contribute significantly to household per-capita income.

Female Land Rights, Crop Specialization, and Productivity in Paraguayan Agriculture

by Thomas Masterson

Previous work has shown a pattern of lower household incomes for those Paraguayan farms with female landowners in the... more Previous work has shown a pattern of lower household incomes for those Paraguayan farms with female landowners in the household. The study of agricultural production reveals that Paraguayan women specialize in livestock and dairy production, while men specialize in crop production. An analysis of crop specialization and crop yields finds no significant differences in yields among households along gender lines, although women appear to specialize in food crops. Finally, households with female land rights have markedly lower rates of return on agricultural production.

El bien común en Indias: donaciones y préstamos patrióticos en el Paraguay de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII / The Common Good in the Indies: donations and patriotic loans in Paraguay during the second half of the eighteenth century

by Fernando Aguerre

El bien común y la solidaridad encontraron en la América española y más en concreto en el Paraguay, un terreno fértil... more El bien común y la solidaridad encontraron en la América española y más en concreto en el Paraguay, un terreno fértil en el que desarrollarse y ofrecer resultados tangibles. Una demostración original de tales sentimientos se halla en las donaciones y préstamos patrióticos en dinero y productos del país que dieron respaldo a guerras locales, regionales o aún nacionales, y también sustentaron el poblamiento y pacificación de la frontera en el siglo XVIII. La raíz cristiana y el espíritu tradicional del pueblo guaraní encontraron en las donaciones forzosas un canal adecuado para expresar libremente esa responsabilidad fundada más en unas creencias compartidas que en el acatamiento de una decisión superior.

The common good and solidarity found in Spanish America but more specifically in Paraguay, a fertile ground from which to develop and offer tangible results. An original demonstration of such sentiments is found in the donations and patriotic loans in the form of money and products of the land which not only supported local, regional and even national wars but also sustained the pacification and settling of the frontier in the eighteenth century. The Christian roots and traditional spirit of the Guaraní people in the eighteenth century found in the forced donations an adequate channel for freely expressing that responsibility, which was based more on some common beliefs than on the observance of a superior hierarchical decision.