Ontology (Computer Science)

User Interface Design Guidelines Arrangement in a Recommender System with Frame Ontology

by Maxim Bakaev

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012, V. 7240, Database Systems for Advanced Applications, (Springer, 2012), P. 311-322.

Design guidelines, which come from the extensive body of knowledge currently formed in HCI and usability engineering... more Design guidelines, which come from the extensive body of knowledge currently formed in HCI and usability engineering domains, remain poorly integrated. Guidelines and design patterns from various sources may contradict or duplicate each other, lack links to origins and justification, as well as contextual associations to concrete problems. The paper describes how the recommender system, developed to support interface design, resolves the issues of data integration and credibility via employing frame-based ontology model and guidelines "efficiency" evaluation algorithm based on fuzzy relations. Also, experimental investigation was carried out with 24 subjects of different age groups to assess the quality of the system work. The results suggests reasonable applicability of the proposed approaches, as the success rate for the website created with the system nearly doubled the one for the control group, and guidelines efficiencies were significantly higher for relevant target user groups.

Little by little, one travels far

by Paul Cripps

In Thinking beyond the Tool: Archaeological Computing and the Interpretive Process
Edited by Angeliki Chrysanthi, Patricia Murrieta Flores and Constantinos Papadopoulos. 2012. ISBN 9781407309279

This paper will look across a range of recent developments in the specific field of archaeological spatial... more This paper will look across a range of recent developments in the specific field of archaeological spatial technologies in order to show how archaeological theory and technological practice can be successfully related; a reflexive process whereby these two strands working together can provide more meaningful interpretation(s) and at the same time, help improve the underpinning technologies through extreme use cases, archaeological exemplars being invariably nontrivial. Using examples from recent and ongoing projects, including cultural resource management, archaeological investigation and academic research projects, this papers aims to show how many small steps have indeed brought us a long way with regard to spatial technologies in archaeology.

Ontology and Database Mapping: A Survey of Current Implementations and Future Directions

by Nikolaos Konstantinou

Co-authored with D.E. Spanos and N. Mitrou, In Journal of Web Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1-24 (2008)

In this paper we discuss the problem of mapping relational database contents and ontologies. The motivation lies in... more In this paper we discuss the problem of mapping relational database contents and ontologies. The motivation lies in the fact that during the latest years, the evolution in Web echnologies rendered the addition of intelligence to the information residing on the Web a necessity. We argue that the addition of formal semantics to the databases that store the majority of information found in the Web is important, in order to make this information searchable, accessible and retrievable. The key technologies towards this direction are the Semantic Web and the ontologies. We analyze in this paper the approaches that have so far been presented in order to exploit the prospects that such collaboration promises. We set the theoretical and practical boundaries of the mapping problem, we delve into the tools that altogether comprise today’s state of the art, and we provide a discussion about the benefits and the drawbacks of the existing approaches. We discuss the feasibility and viability of applying the mappings in real world applications as well as the directions that the evolution of current implementations should follow. We conclude by presenting the requirements that should be met in order to provide a more powerful next generation of mapping frameworks.

Using Multiple Related Ontologies in a Fuzzy Information Retrieval Model

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Angelica Leite. Published in WONTO'2008.

With the Semantic Web progress many independently developed distinct domain ontologies have to be shared and reused by... more With the Semantic Web progress many independently developed distinct domain ontologies have to be shared and reused by a variety of applications. The use of ontologies in information retrieval applications allows the retrieval of semantically related documents to an initial users’ query. This work presents a fuzzy information retrieval model for improving the document retrieval process considering a knowledge base composed of multiple domain ontologies that are fuzzy related. Each ontology can be represented independently as well as their relationships. This knowledge organization is used in a novel method to expand the user initial query and to index the documents in the collection. Experimental results show that the proposed model presents better overall performance when compared with another fuzzy-based approach for information retrieval.

A framework for information retrieval based on fuzzy relations and multiple ontologies

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Maria Angelica A Leite. Published in Advances in Artificial Intelligence – IBERAMIA, 2008

The use of knowledge in the information retrieval process allows the return of documents semantically related to the... more The use of knowledge in the information retrieval process allows the return of documents semantically related to the initial user’s query. This knowledge can be encoded in a knowledge base to be used in information retrieval systems. The framework for information retrieval based on fuzzy relations and multiple ontologies is a proposal to retrieve information using a knowledge base composed of multiple related ontologies whose relationships are expressed as fuzzy relations. Using this knowledge organization a new method to expand the user query is proposed. The framework provides a way that each ontology can be represented independently as well as their relationships. The proposed framework performance is compared with another fuzzy-based approach for information retrieval. Also the query expansion method is tested with the Apache Lucene search engine. In both cases the proposed framework improves the obtained results.

Document retrieval using fuzzy related geographic ontologies

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Maria Angelica A Leite. Published in Workshop on Geographic Information Retrieval, 2008

Many documents stored in digital libraries and document database include geographic references within their texts... more Many documents stored in digital libraries and document database include geographic references within their texts typically by means of place names. These geographic references can be associated to knowledge to help improve related retrieved documents. For example, in a meteorological document collection the climate knowledge can be associated to the geographic references allowing the retrieval of relevant climate or geographic related documents to an initial user query. In order to explore these issues this work describes a framework to encode a geographic knowledge base composed of multiple related ontologies whose relationships are expressed as fuzzy relations. Each ontology represents a distinct area of the knowledge domain related to geographic references. This knowledge organization is used in a fuzzy method to expand the user initial query. Each ontology can be represented independently as well as their relationships. The fuzzy query expansion method is tested with the Apache Lucene search engine improving the precision measure.

Fuzzy Information Retrieval Model Based on Multiple Related Ontologies

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Maria Angelica A Leite. Published in IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), 2008.

With the semantic web progress, encoding of knowledge bases as ontologies has increased. Information retrieval... more With the semantic web progress, encoding of knowledge bases as ontologies has increased. Information retrieval applications are employing this knowledge organization to enhance quality of results by returning documents semantically related and relevant to initial user's query. The proposed fuzzy information retrieval model retrieves information providing a framework to encode a knowledge base composed of multiple related ontologies whose relationships are expressed as fuzzy relations. This knowledge organization is used in a novel method to expand the user initial query and to index the documents in the collection. The model allows the ontologies, as well as the relationships among their concepts, to be represented independently. Experimental results show that the proposed model presents better overall performance when compared with another classical fuzzy-based approach for information retrieval.

Information retrieval using related geographic ontologies

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Maria Angelica A Leite. Published in Congresso Brasileiro de Agroinformática, 2009. In Portuguese.

With the World Wide Web popularity growth, more people has access to information and this information volume is... more With the World Wide Web popularity growth, more people has access to information and this information volume is expanding over the time. The information access, in a efficient way, is fundamental to knowledge diffusion helping the decision making
process. In this context, the information retrieval area has a new challenge intending to search information, in a more intelligent way, by the documents meaning. A way to retrieve information, by its meaning, is by using a knowledge base that encodes the domain concepts and their relationships. Nowadays, ontologies are being used to model knowledge bases. This work presents a query expansion method that uses a knowledge base comprised of related geographic ontologies to improve the information retrieval process. The query expansion method is tested with the Apache Lucene search engine showing an improvement in the
retrieved information quality.

Ontologies for the integration of metadata from the multimedia broadcast sector in the context of digital television

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Rodrigo C Araujo. Published in SET - Revista de Radiodifusão, 2010. In Portuguese.

The diversity of information, content, and interactive services offered by digital TV and its integration with the... more The diversity of information, content, and interactive services offered by digital TV and its integration with the Internet involves new challenges for broadcasters and receiver manufacturers, who must face the diversity of existing metadata standards. This paper proposes the integration of existing metadata specifications in an environment of digital TV transmission and reception in terrestrial and satellite open networks. It describes a methodology for integrating broadcast multimedia industry metadata information standards with ontologies oriented to describe knowledge of specific domains existing in Internet repositories.

CHAPTER XX A DESIGN FOR A GROUP MEMORY SYSTEM USING ONTOLOGIES

by Feliz Gouveia

Do termo à estruturação semântica: representação ontológica do domínio da Nanociência e Nanotecnologia utilizando a Estrutura Qualia

by Deni Kasama

Generation of Standardised Rights Expressions from Contracts: An Ontology Approach?

by Silvia Llorente

Regulatory Ontologies: An Intellectual Property Rights approach

by Silvia Llorente

Facilitating ontology development with continuous evaluation

by Dejan Lavbič

Published in Informatica journal and co-authored with Marjan Krisper.

In this paper we propose facilitating ontology development by constant evaluation of steps in the process of ontology... more In this paper we propose facilitating ontology development by constant evaluation of steps in the process of ontology development. Existing methodologies for ontology development are complex and they require technical knowledge that business users and developers don’t poses. By introducing ontology completeness indicator developer is guided throughout the development process and constantly aided by recommendations to progress to next step and improve the quality of ontology. In evaluating the ontology, several aspects are considered; from description, partition, consistency, redundancy and to anomaly. The applicability of the approach was demonstrated on Financial Instruments and Trading Strategies (FITS) ontology with comparison to other approaches.

Ontology-based Multi-Agent System to support business users and management

by Dejan Lavbič

Published in Technological and economic development of economy (TEDE) journal and co-authored with Olegas Vasilecas and Rok Rupnik.

For some decision processes a significant added value is achieved when enterprises’ internal Data Warehouse (DW) can... more For some decision processes a significant added value is achieved when enterprises’ internal Data Warehouse (DW) can be integrated and combined with external data gained from web sites of competitors and other relevant Web sources. In this paper we discuss the agent-based integration approach using ontologies (DSS-MAS). In this approach data from internal DW and external sources are scanned by coordinated group of agents, while semantically integrated and relevant data is reported to business users according to business rules. After data from internal DW, Web sources and business rules are acquired, agents using these data and rules can infer new knowledge and therefore facilitate decision making process. Knowledge represented in enterprises’ ontologies is acquired from business users without extensive technical knowledge using user friendly user interface based on constraints and predefined templates. The approach presented in the paper was verified using the case study from the domain of mobile communications with the emphasis on supply and demand of mobile phones.

An Ontology of Agile Aspect Oriented Software Development

by David Parsons

Published in Research Letters in the Information and Mathematical Sciences, vol 15 p 1-11

Both agile methods and aspect oriented programming (AOP) have emerged in recent years as new paradigms in software... more Both agile methods and aspect oriented programming (AOP) have emerged in recent years as new paradigms in software development. Both promise to free the process of building software systems from some of the constraints of more traditional approaches. As a software engineering approach on the one hand, and a software development tool on the other, there is the potential for them to be used in conjunction. However, thus far, there has been little interplay between the two. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that there may be untapped synergies that may be exploited, if the appropriate approach is taken to integrating AOP with agile methods. This paper takes an ontological approach to supporting this integration, proposing ontology enabled development based on an analysis of existing ontologies of aspect oriented programming, a proposed ontology of agile methods, and a derived ontology of agile aspect oriented development.

Ontology-based Intelligent System for Malware Behavioral Analysis

by TonTon Hsien-De Huang

This paper proposes an ontology-based intelligent system for malware behavioral analysis. The design background and... more This paper proposes an ontology-based intelligent system for malware behavioral analysis. The design background and structure of the Taiwan Malware Analysis Net (TWMAN) are presented to analyze the malware behavior. The TWMAN is composed of the malware behavioral analysis agent and the ontology agent. All of the essential information of the TWMAN, including the malware behavioral ontology, which is store in an ontology repository. The malware behavioral analysis agent collects the malware behavioral information to build malware behavioral ontology and malware behavioral rules. The results from the system logs show that the TWMAN can work effectively based on the malware behavioral analysis to protect the computers from the attack of computer viruses and Trojans.

Representing Concepts in Formal Ontologies: Compositionality vs. Typicality Effects

by marcello frixione

Co-authored with Antonio Lieto.
To appear in "Logic and Logical Philosophy"

The problem of concept representation is relevant for many subfields of cognitive research, including psychology and... more The problem of concept representation is relevant for many subfields of cognitive research, including psychology and philosophy, as well as artificial intelligence. In particular, in recent years it has received a great deal of attention within the field of knowledge representation, due to its relevance for both knowledge engineering as well as ontology-based technologies. However, the notion of concept itself turns out to be highly disputed and problematic. In our opinion, one of the causes of this state of affairs is that the notion of concept is, to some extent, heterogeneous, and encompasses different cognitive phenomena. This results in a strain between conflicting requirements, such as compositionality, on the one hand and the need to represent prototypical information on the other. In some ways artificial intelligence research shows traces of this situation. In this paper, we propose an analysis of this current state of affairs. Since it is our opinion that a mature methodology with which to approach knowledge representation and knowledge engineering should also take advantage of the empirical results of cognitive psychology concerning human abilities, we outline some proposals for concept representation in formal ontologies, which take into account suggestions from psychological research. Our basic assumption is that knowledge representation systems whose design takes into account evidence from experimental psychology (and which, therefore, are more similar to the human way of organizing and processing information) may therefore give better results in many applications (e.g. in the fields of information retrieval and semantic webs).

Using an Inference Engine to Detect Conflicts in Collaborative Design

by Catarina Ferreira da Silva

Co-authored with Moisés Dutra, Parisa Ghodous and Ricardo Gonçalves; published in 14th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising (ICE 2008), Lisbonne, Portugal, Juin 2008. pp. 133-140. Advances in Concurrent Engineering . ISBN 978 0 85358 244 1.

Integrate multidisciplinary virtual teams in collaborative design process is a hard task to tackle with. Differences... more Integrate multidisciplinary virtual teams in collaborative design process is a hard task to tackle with. Differences of background, culture and expertise usually lead to conflicting situations. Moreover, if we consider to be working on a synchronous environment – where all designers exchange data and share information at the same time that the product design is being done – potential knowledge representation conflicts can also arise from this process. In our work we currently represent knowledge in collaborative design by using Web Ontology Language (OWL). OWL is structured to be a major formalism for the design and dissemination of ontology information. The use of OWL reasoning is intended to be a consistent way to verify the information given by several experts, trying to avoid redundancies, contradictions and misunderstood. This paper presents an approach to detect collaborative design conflicts through the use of an OWL inference engine.

Semantics take the SOA registry to the next level: an empirical study in a telecom company

by Catarina Ferreira da Silva

Ferreira da Silva, Catarina; Rupino da Cunha, Paulo; Melo, Paulo; and Themistocleos, Marinos, "Semantics take the SOA registry to the next level: an empirical study in a telecom company" (2010). AMCIS 2010 Proceedings. Paper 420. http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2010/420

We describe an empirical study of the creation of a Semantic Service Registry in the context of the Operations Support... more We describe an empirical study of the creation of a Semantic Service Registry in the context of the Operations Support Systems (OSS) department of a telecom company, to address an emerging problem of finding the right services to build new business processes in a pool that steadily increases. We show how to obtain an ontology for the telecom domain to annotate services and thus benefit from semantic technologies to effectively find them based on description logics inference mapping. We designed and implemented a proof of concept for providing a matching degree even when the cardinality of the service elements of the query and the cardinality of the service elements being sought differ. This is relevant for web services reusability and flexibility. Our solutions are overviewed and a set of lessons learned are discussed.