Multimedia, Hypermedia

HYPERICONICS: Hypertext and the social construction of information about the history of artistic notions

by Gerhard Jan Nauta

Integration of learning style theory in an adaptive educational hypermedia (AEH) system

by Elizabeth FitzGerald (née Brown)

Full citation:
Brown, Elizabeth and Brailsford, Tim (2004). Integration of learning style theory in an adaptive educational hypermedia (AEH) system. Paper presented at the 11th International Conference of the Association for Learning Technology (ALT-C 2004), 14-16 Sept 2004, Exeter, UK

Adaptive educational hypermedia (AEH - a branch of web-based learning) systems seek to personalise the learning... more Adaptive educational hypermedia (AEH - a branch of web-based learning) systems seek to personalise the learning experience for their users. User modelling can be performed using various criteria, such as prior ability or domain-specific knowledge, in systems such as WHURLE, AHA! and MOT. Information about the user, forming a user profile, are usually stored in a database, and integrated with the AEH learning environment. The learner is then presented with material that is best suited to them, with adaptation occurring at either the content or link level, or both.

WHURLE (Web-based Hierarchical Universal Reactive Learning Environment) is an AEH system that has been used with many types of students. It is a hypermedia-rich educational tool, suitable for all subjects, that seeks to address the pedagogical limitations of existing commercial Virtual Learning Environments. Its current user model is broadly based upon domain-specific knowledge. Investigations are under way to implement a user model based on learning style theory. This may be integrated with the early user model, or developed simply as a stand-alone module. Uniquely, WHURLE can change the user model used, as it is not a 'hard-wired' part of the system, but rather a component that can easily be interchanged.

Learning style theory advocates that since individuals are all different, they should learn in different ways; this suggests a natural integration with the principles of adaptive educational tools. There are many different learning styles in use around the world, such as the Dunn and Dunn model, Gardner's Multiple Intelligences, Kolb's theory of experiential learning and Riding and Rayner's Cognitive Styles Analysis. We will be discussing how we have implemented the Felder-Silverman Inventory of Learning Styles into the WHURLE architecture in an attempt to enhance the learning experience for users.

Multi-Layered Cross-Media Linking

by Beat Signer

Beat Signer and Moira C. Norrie, Proceedings of Hypertext'03, 14th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia. Nottingham, United Kingdom, August 2003

The integration of printed paper and digital information enables new forms of enhanced reading. We present digitally... more The integration of printed paper and digital information enables new forms of enhanced reading. We present digitally augmented paper as a specific application of our more general Integration Server (iServer) architecture for crossmedia information management. Multi-layered linking is introduced as a way to manage the granularity of link anchors and an application making active use of multi-layered links is presented. Furthermore, we point out how the concept of supporting multiple layers in link management can be applied to other media such as, for example, XHTML in combination with the XML Linking Language (XLink).

An Architecture for Open Cross-Media Annotation Services

by Beat Signer

Beat Signer and Moira C. Norrie, Proceedings of WISE 2009, 10th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, Poznan, Poland, October 2009

The emergence of new media technologies in combination with enhanced information sharing functionality offered by the... more The emergence of new media technologies in combination with enhanced information sharing functionality offered by the Web provides new possibilities for cross-media annotations. This in turn raises new challenges in terms of how a true integration across different types of media can be achieved and how we can develop annotation services that are sufficiently flexible and extensible to cater for new document formats as they emerge. We present a general model for cross-media annotation services and describe how it was used to define an architecture that supports extensibility at the data level as well as within authoring and visualisation tools.

PhD thesis: The Use of Learning Styles in Adaptive Hypermedia

by Elizabeth FitzGerald (née Brown)

PhD thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham (School of Computer Science), October 2007.

Full citation:
Brown, Elizabeth (2007) The use of learning styles in adaptive hypermedia. PhD thesis. University of Nottingham: UK.

Computer-based learning has become a common phenomenon in the modern age. Many distance-learning systems distribute... more Computer-based learning has become a common phenomenon in the modern age. Many distance-learning systems distribute educational resources on the Internet and indeed entire study programmes are now widely available online. Such a large amount of content and information can be intimidating to learners, who may exhibit different individual characteristics, such as variation in goals, interests, motivation and/or learning preferences. This suggests that a uniform approach taken by learning environments to deliver materials and resources to students is not appropriate and that personalisation of such materials/resources should address users’ differences to provide a customised learning experience, thus enhancing its effectiveness, lowering drop-out rates and maintaining high student motivation.

This thesis addresses the latter issue of learning preferences, specifically investigating learning styles as an adaptation mechanism for personalised computer-based learning. A number of previous studies indicated the positive effect that this kind of adaptation provides, but under closer examination these were not conducted in a scientifically rigorous manner and thus their findings are somewhat limited. This research utilises a quantitative and highly objective approach to investigate visual/verbal and sequential/global learning styles in different user groups. Three user trials were carried out to discover whether there were any benefits to using these learning styles for studying in an adapted environment.

Overall, no statistically significant benefits were found and these findings now shed doubt as to whether learning styles are indeed an effective mechanism for personalised learning.

Categorization and Multidimensional Vision for Hypermedia Data Models

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Carlos M Tobar, 1995

Hypermedia technology is demanding for the creation of new data models, with many efforts in this direction addressing... more Hypermedia technology is demanding for the creation of new data models, with many efforts in this direction addressing different aspects of this technology, such as document structure and temporal modeling. In order to allow the comparison of capabilities supported by a diversity of hypermedia data models, an Abstract Categorization Map is proposed. The abstract categorization map is based, among others, on a four-dimensional vision for the specification of abstract data, named T-vision, which establishes better data characterization than supported by current hypermedia models.
As a sample of the power and flexibility of future hypermedia data models, the kernel for a navigation oriented data model based on the T-vision is shown, with some powerful mechanisms to navigate and to help navigation, implemented as prototypes on top of World Wide Web (WWW) browsers. This example also serves as an empirical experiment and orientation for the development of information systems according to the abstract
categorization map and T-vision.

A Categorization Map for Hypermedia Data Models

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Carlos M Tobar, 1997

The richness and diversity of hypermedia information have recently raised many hypermedia data models, standards, and... more The richness and diversity of hypermedia information have recently raised many hypermedia data models, standards, and development methodologies. However, there are so many aspects to be captured by a hypermediamodel that in general it is difficult to comprehend how these models are related to each other.
In this paper, we propose the Abstract Categorization Map, a tool that enables the classification of hypermedia models within a framework representing features related to hypermedia information in distinct abstraction levels. The applicability of this map is illustrated through the analysis of some well known hypermedia models, such as the Dexter reference model and the
HyTime standard.

Towards a categorization of hypermedia data models

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Carlos Tobar. Published in MMM'1999.

Several hypermedia data models have been proposed in order to face hypermedia as a paradigm to develop... more Several hypermedia data models have been proposed in order to face hypermedia as a paradigm to develop information-oriented systems. However, hypermedia modeling introduces very specific requirements not found within conventional database modeling due to several issues must be considered during a design effort, such as modeling of data navigation, data perception, and human-machine interaction. Most of present data models oriented to hypermedia present differences on abstraction level, modeling issues, and considered data aspects. An Abstract Categorization Map is proposed as a graphical tool through which it is possible to assess and compare existing specification mechanisms of data models oriented to hypermedia. The map allows an analysis of existing models as an exercise to relate them and therefore derive strengths, weaknesses, overlaps, or omissions. It also allows observing existing gaps between the modeling of data considering different levels of abstraction.

A Framework for Assessing and Comparing Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring Methodologies

by Ivan Ricarte

Co-authored with Carlos Tobar. Published in MSE'1998.

The importance of data perception by the user has demanded data models oriented to individuals, whose emphasis is... more The importance of data perception by the user has demanded data models oriented to individuals, whose emphasis is information description at high levels of abstraction. Altogether new data modeling requirements have arisen, mainly because of information technology improvements such as multimedia and hypermedia incorporation to documents. These and others considerations have produced new brands of evolving data models. Model-based approaches to hypermedia design are authoring methodologies that make use of some of the newest data models in order to begin from high level abstractions a step-by-step process directed to low level specifications trying to cope with multimedia and hypermedia in a user oriented fashion. A development approach ofmultimedia and hypermedia oriented datamodels is proposed, named hook approach, that basically establishes the need for facilitator mechanisms to allow mappings between data models of different abstraction levels. In order to point out the broadness of authoring methodologies and even to allow their comparison an Abstract CategorizationMap is also proposed. This map can be used to present data model adherence to the hook approach and also can be used as a reference framework for the development of data models oriented to support multimedia and hypermedia information applications.

Physics and Hypertext: Liberation and Complicity In Art and Pedagogy

by Martin E. Rosenberg

Published in George Landow, ed. _Hyper/Text/Theory_. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.

Dos documentos de terreno ao hipermedia

by Fernando Faria Paulino

Published in Antropologia Visual e Hipermedia, Porto, Ed. Afrontamento, 2007. ISBN 978-972-36-0869-4

From fieldwork documents to hypermedia. From fieldwork documents to hypermedia.

A Semiotic Framework for the Semantics of Digital Multimedia (VMDL07)

by Michael May

Michael May: A Semiotic Framework for the Semantics of Digital Multimedia Learning Objects. Paper presented to VMDL 2007 Workshop (Visual and Multimedia Digital Libraries) at the 14th International Conference of Image Analysis and Processing (ICIAP), 10-14 September 2007 in Modena, Italy. Published as IEEE proceeding.

Feature-Based Multimedia Semantics (2006, Idea Group)

by Michael May

Michael May: Feature-Based Multimedia Semantics: Representational Forms for Instructional Multimedia Design. Chapter for Gheorghita Ghinea and Sherry Y. Chen (Eds): Digital Multimedia Perception and Design (IGI Publishing 2006).

ENTRE VILLE: THIS CITY BETWEEN US

by J. R. Carpenter

Presented at MiT5: creativity, ownership and collaboration in the digital age, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAApril 27-29, 2007.

In 2006 I was commissioned to create a web art project in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Conseil des... more In 2006 I was commissioned to create a web art project in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Conseil des Arts de Montreal. It was an honour and a challenge for me, as an English-speaking immigrant to Montreal, to collate the cacophony of voices and contradictory histories of my community. I live on the same block Mordecai Richler grew up on. The tour busses still come by looking for him, even as gentrification tosses out the old tenants. I wanted to represent my neighbours within a matrix of community, to explore the intimacies born of our proximity. The resulting work, Entre Ville, is an intimate view of my neighbourhood’s jumbled intimacy of back balconies, yards and alleyways. Entre means between. Entre Ville is a walk through an interior city. Poetry is not hard to find between the long lines of peeling-paint fences plastered with notices, spray painted with bright abstractions and draped with trailing vines. Though Montreal is well known for its language issues, I tried to present Entre Ville in a neighbourhood vernacular, where cooking smells, noisy neighbours and laundry lines criss-cross the alleyway one sentence at a time. http://Luckysoap.com/entreville

CityFish

by J. R. Carpenter

presented at OLE Officina di Letteratura Elettronica (2011) Palazzo delle arti Napoli, Naples, published in Lello Masucci e Giovanna Di Rosario. Eds. Lavori del Convegno OLE Officina di Letteratura Elettronica. Palazzo Arti Napoli. 20-21 gennaio 2011 (2011) Napoli: Atelier Multimediale editrice

CityFish is a hybrid word, title of a hybrid work, tale of a hybrid creature. Part classical parable, part children’s... more CityFish is a hybrid word, title of a hybrid work, tale of a hybrid creature. Part classical parable, part children’s picture book, CityFish is a web-based intertextual hypermedia transmutation of Aesop’s Town Mouse Country Mouse fable. Winters, Lynne freezes in Celsius in the fishing village of Brooklyn, Nova Scotia (Canada), a few minutes walk from a white sandy beach. Summers, she suffers her city cousins sweltering in Fahrenheit in Queens, New York (USA). Lynne knows everyone knows it’s supposed to be the other way around. Lynne is a fish out of water. In the country, her knowledge of the city separates her from her school of friends. In the city, her foreignness marks her as exotic. Meanwhile, the real city fish lie in scaly heaps on long ice-packed tables in hot and narrow Chinatown streets. CityFish represents asynchronous relationships between people, places, perspectives and times through a horizontally scrolling browser window, suggestive of a panorama, a diorama, a horizon line, a skyline, a timeline, a Torah scroll. The panorama and the diorama have traditionally been used in museums and landscape photography to establish hierarchies of value and meaning. CityFish interrupts a seemingly linear narrative with poetic texts, quotations, Quicktime videos, DHTML animations, Google Maps and a myriad of visual images. Combining contemporary short fiction and hypermedia storytelling forms creates a new hybrid, a lo-fi web collage cabinet of curiosities.

This City Between Us (Redux)

by J. R. Carpenter

Carpenter, J.R. (2011). This City Between Us (Redux). Media : Culture : Pedagogy, 15(1). Retrieved from http://mcp.educ.ubc.ca/v15n01BornDigital_Article05_Carpenter

In 2006 I was commissioned to create a web art project in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Conseil des... more In 2006 I was commissioned to create a web art project in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Conseil des Arts de Montreal. It was an honour and a challenge for me, as an English-speaking immigrant to Montreal, to collate the cacophony of voices and contradictory histories of my community. I live on the same block Mordecai Richler grew up on. The tour busses still come by looking for him, even as gentrification tosses out the old tenants. I wanted to represent my neighbours within a matrix of community, to explore the intimacies born of our proximity. The resulting work, Entre Ville, is an intimate view of my neighbourhood’s jumbled intimacy of back balconies, yards and alleyways. Entre means between. Entre Ville is a walk through an interior city. Poetry is not hard to find between the long lines of peeling-paint fences plastered with notices, spray painted with bright abstractions and draped with trailing vines. Though Montreal is well known for its language issues, I tried to present Entre Ville in a neighbourhood vernacular, where cooking smells, noisy neighbours and laundry lines criss-cross the alleyway one sentence at a time. http://Luckysoap.com/entreville

“The Myth of Presence. The Immediacy of Representation in Cyberspace”, Images [&] Narrative, Online Magazine of the Visual Narrative, no 23, 2008.

by Bertrand Gervais

Une version française est aussi disponible sur Archée : cyberart et cyberculture artistique: http://archee.qc.ca/ar.php?page=article&no=280

How is the effectiveness of a representation defined? It lies in its ability to make present that which is not, to... more How is the effectiveness of a representation defined? It lies in its ability to make present that which is not, to ensure the illusion of a presence. A representation is only effective if it is able to convince a subject interpreting signs – a reader, a spectator or a witness – that something is starting to appear, something that has nothing to do with her, something that seems to possess its own dynamic, a relative autonomy and an undeniable transparency whose primary effect is the impression of a significant permanence.

Digital media are said to give rise to representations and effects of presence of an unsurpassed power. It is the myth of presence. I wish to explore this myth of presence that the digital brings to life. First, I will examine how digital media fulfil certain promises of the myth, thereby ensuring their credibility; and secondly, I will focus on their deconstruction to show their share of illusions. To do this, I will use a hypermedia work, entitled Adam’s Cam. This work by Sébastien Loghman creates a very subtle effect, an illusion of presence, which sustains the myth, while never completely achieving it.

A Model of the Role of Conceptual Metaphors in Hypermedia Comprehension

by Pierre Fastrez

Co-authored with Anne-Sophie Collard,
Published in 'Proceedings of CICOM 2009 - Communication Sciences International Congress on Communication, Cognition and Media', 2009, Braga, Portugal, pp. 241-255

This paper presents a model of metaphorical processes at play in hypermedia comprehension based on conceptual metaphor... more This paper presents a model of metaphorical processes at play in hypermedia comprehension based on conceptual metaphor theory and blending theory. Hypermedia are metaphorically understood through a process which involves three “layers” of metaphors structured hierarchically: primary metaphors, generic metaphors and specific metaphors. Higher-level projections inherit the structure of lower-level ones. A major hypothesis supported by our model is that this metaphorical comprehension of hypermedia and navigation activity influences the way users interact with the system and understand its informational contents. The proposed model relies on behavioral and discursive data about user interaction with a hyperdocument.

Proposition d'une critériologie dans le choix des modes de structuration des hypermédias

by Pierre Fastrez

Co-authored with Hugues Peeters
Published in 'Recherches en Communication', 2001

Navigation entailments as design principles for structuring hypertext

by Pierre Fastrez

Published in 'Education, Communication & Information', 2002, Vol. 2, 7-22

This article introduces a number of guidelines for the design of instructional hypertext, and more specifically for... more This article introduces a number of guidelines for the design of instructional hypertext, and more specifically for the design of their structure. First, to demonstrate the importance of structure in hypertext design, it considers the entailments of the semiotic specificities of hypertext systems on the design of hypertext structure as well as on the way users understand this structure during their navigation experience. It then introduces two pairs of opposite principles (rationality vs. functionality; usability vs. cognitive flexibility), and examines how and in which contexts they should be used. These pairs of principles are criss-crossed to pinpoint the overlapping between them and to stress their differences. Finally, this analysis leads to questioning the hopes that have been held towards hypertext (and its semiotic peculiarities) as an instructional tool that would make it easy for any learner to informally grasp complex knowledge structures. Such hopes can only be fulfilled through the use of complementary semiotic tools.