Military Architecture

The Military-Pastoral Complex: Contemporary Representations of Militarism in the Landscape

by Matthew Flintham

Stadtmodell

by Dirk Paul Mielke

Published in: Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, Bd. 13, 1./2. Lfg., Spinnen. A - Steuer. E (Berlin, New York 2011) 85-86.

Stadtmauer. B. Archäologisch

by Dirk Paul Mielke

Published in: Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, Bd. 13, 1./2. Lfg., Spinnen. A - Steuer. E (Berlin, New York 2011) 80-85.

Stadttor. C. Archäologisch

by Dirk Paul Mielke

Published in: Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, Bd. 13, 1./2. Lfg., Spinnen. A - Steuer E (Berlin, New York 2011) 91-97.

Forteresses du Proche-Orient: l'architecture militaire des Ayyoubides

by Cyril Yovitchitch

Book published in 2011 at the Presses universitaures de Paris-Sorbonne IV, 368 p. with 420 illustrations and drawings, in color, hardback.
ISBN : 978-2-84050-741-3

Érigées entre 1170 et 1250, les forteresses ayyoubides figurent parmi les plus impressionnantes réalisations de... more Érigées entre 1170 et 1250, les forteresses ayyoubides figurent parmi les plus impressionnantes réalisations de l’architecture militaire proche-orientale. Pourtant elles sont depuis longtemps tenues dans l'ombre des châteaux construits par les croisés, sur lesquels ont porté de nombreux travaux depuis la fin du XIXe siècle. Ce livre rééquilibre cet état de fait en se consacrant à l'étude de sites islamiques de la principauté de Damas. Bien qu’elles aient été construites à la même époque que les châteaux des croisés, leurs composantes et leurs programmes montrent que leur développement a généralement évolué en parallèle en s’inspirant d'autres répertoires architecturaux, notamment celui de l'Antiquité tardive. Ces forteresses ont émergé dans un contexte politique interne complexe et mouvementé, marqué par l’importante crise de succession qui suivit la mort de Saladin et la mise en place des principautés. Symboles de l’autorité des princes, elles renfermaient les éléments nécessaires à la vie de cour, tels que le palais, la mosquée et le hammam, ainsi que ceux indispensables à la gestion de l’iqṭā‘ (« fief ») tels que les vastes salles de stockage.
La spectaculaire évolution des programmes de ces forteresses dans les années 1200 est analysée du point de vue du dialogue entre l’attaque et la défense, mais aussi du point de vue de leurs non moins fondamentales fonctions résidentielle et ostentatoire.

Die Aiyubidische Burg ‘Aǧlūn

by Cyril Yovitchitch

published in Burgen und Städte der Kreuzzugszeit, M. Piana (ed.), Petersberg, M. Imhof Verlag, 2008, p.118-125.

Based on a new survey, this paper presents a new chronology of the ayyubid castle of ʿAǧlūn. Based on a new survey, this paper presents a new chronology of the ayyubid castle of ʿAǧlūn.

Die Befestigung der Tore aiyubidischer Burgen - Herausbildung eines Standards

by Cyril Yovitchitch

in Burgen und Städte der Kreuzzugszeit, M. Piana (ed.), Petersberg, M. Imhof Verlag, 2008, p.110-117.
In german with the french translation.

This paper studies the developpement of the defense of the doors in ayyubid's fortifications (XIIth-XIIIth c.). This paper studies the developpement of the defense of the doors in ayyubid's fortifications (XIIth-XIIIth c.).

Bosra: eine Zitadelle des Fürstentums Damaskus

by Cyril Yovitchitch

in Burgen und Städte der Kreuzzugszeit, M. Piana (ed.), Petersberg, M. Imhof Verlag, 2008, p.169-177.

La citadelle

by Cyril Yovitchitch

published in J. Dentzer-Feydy, M. Vallerin, T. Fournet, R. et A. Mukdad (dir.), Bosra, aux portes de l’Arabie, Guides Archéologiques de l’IFPO n° 5, CNRS, Beyrouth 2007, p. 179-188.

Presentation of the islamic citadel built (between the end of the 11th century and the last quarter of the XIIIth... more Presentation of the islamic citadel built (between the end of the 11th century and the last quarter of the XIIIth century) around an roman theatre

Qal'at Najm forteresse-palais des bords de l'Euphrate.

by Cyril Yovitchitch

Chronos 23, 2011, p.105-140.

Qal‘at Najm était une citadelle de la principauté ayyoubide d'Alep chargée du contrôle de l'un des points de... more Qal‘at Najm était une citadelle de la principauté ayyoubide d'Alep chargée du contrôle de l'un des points de franchissement de l'Euphrate. Derrière sa puissante carapace militaire, elle renferme un complexe palatial ainsi que d'immenses salles de stockage, qui témoignent de son rôle dans la gestion du territoire qui en dépendait.

Enrico Rocchi, ingegnere militare e storico. [Enrico Rocchi, military engineer and historian]

by Piero Cimbolli Spagnesi

In: QUADERNI DELL'ISTITUTO DI STORIA DELL'ARCHITETTURA, ns, 44-50, 2004-2007 (Saggi in onore di Gaetano Miarelli Mariani. A cura di M.P. Sette, M. Caperna, M. Docci, M.G. Turco. Roma 2007); pp. 261-272. ISBN 978-88-7597-401-5, ISSN 0485-4152

Fortifications and Fortification Strategies of Mega-Cities in the Ancient Near East

by Dirk Paul Mielke

Published in: R. Matthews and J. Curtis, with M. Seymour / A. Fletcher / A. Gascoigne / C. Glatz / St J. Simpson / H. Taylor / J. Tubb / R. Chapman (Hrsg.), 7 ICAANE. Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. 12-16 April 2010, the British Museum and UCL, London.Vol. 1. Mega-cities & Mega-sites, The Archaeology of Consumption & Disposal, Landscape, Transport & Communication (Wiesbaden 2012), 74-91.

Fortifications have always been a fundamental part of urban settlements. However, there are no specific fortification... more Fortifications have always been a fundamental part of urban settlements. However, there are no specific fortification elements found exclusively in connection with mega-cities. The difference from simple fortifications lies in the fortification strategy, as reflected in the increased dimensions of the fortification elements and their multiplication. In addition, partitioning of the fortified area leads to increased complexity. However, these phenomena cannot be understood simply in terms of a typological classification. Rather, it is more appropriate to speak of emerging trends in the fortification of larger settlements.

La ciutat ibèrica del Castellet de Banyoles: resultats de l'excavació del sector adjacent a les torres pentagonals (2008-2010)

by Rafel Jornet Niella

Asensio, D., Jornet, R., Miró. M. T., Sanmartí. J. (2011): Tribuna d'arqueologia 2009-2010, pp. 243-263.

El Castellet de Banyoles es troba situat en un punt estratègic de control del riu Ebre, al marge esquerre, des d'on es... more El Castellet de Banyoles es troba situat en un punt estratègic de control del riu Ebre, al marge esquerre, des d'on es domina l'anomenada Cubeta de Móra. En aquest punt es va establir un poblat ibèric d'unes 4,4 Ha i s'hi bastí un petit castell medieval. Els marges verticals sobre la vall del riu i els barrancs de Banyoles i de Molló fan que hi hagi un únic punt d'accés a aquesta península per l'est.
No és clar en quin moment es bastí el poblat ibèric. A partir dels materials ceràmics s’ha proposat una cronologia del segle IV aC, però podria haver existit ja al s.VI aC o abans. Es troba situat en el territori que els autors clàssics varen assignar a la tribu ibèrica dels ilercavons. El lloc respon a un enclavament de control de comerç entre la costa i l'interior a través del riu Ebre, on els colonitzadors grecs i fenicis navegaven a la recerca de cereals, fusta i metalls. L'arribada dels romans va portar a l'abandonament del poblat de manera sobtada a finals del s.III aC. Posteriorment hi hagué algun tipus d'ocupació durant el s.II aC, probablement residual.
Les recents excavacions realitzades pel MAC i la UB des del1998 en l’angle nord-oest del jaciment han posat de manifest l’existència d’una àmplia trama urbana, amb un desenvolupament arquitectònic molt complex, propi d’un nucli amb un inqüestionable caràcter urbà i unes estructures socioeconòmiques molt avançades. En les darreres campanyes s’ha incidit en l’estudi de la torre septentrional.

Paisaje arquitecturado y arquitectura en el paisaje: la fortificación del territorio en Época Moderna en el Baixo Miño

by Rebeca Blanco-Rotea

Co-authored with Sonia García Rodríguez

Published in 'Revista electrónica ArqueoWeb', 7 (2) (Sept. / Dic. 2005)

[ES] Este texto es el resultado de los trabajos arqueológicos desarrollados por un equipo del Laboratorio de... more [ES] Este texto es el resultado de los trabajos arqueológicos desarrollados por un equipo del Laboratorio de Arqueología del Paisaje del Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento (CSIC-Xunta) y del Laboratorio de Patrimonio, Paleoambiente y Paisaje (IIT, USC), en el marco de la redacción del Plan Director de las Fortalezas Transfronterizas del Tramo Bajo del Río Miño, adjudicado por la Dirección Xeral de Patrimonio Cultural de la Xunta de Galicia a la empresa Inzamac Asistencias Técnicas S.A. Estos trabajos consistían en la realización de un estudio arqueológico previo a la redacción del plan director de todas las fortificaciones emplazadas en la margen gallega del río Miño, donde éste hace frontera con Portugal, así como de los Bienes Patrimoniales que pudieran estar relacionados con las infraestructuras de dichas fortalezas. De dicho estudio derivarían unas propuestas de actuación. El estudio, realizado desde los planteamientos de la Arqueología del Paisaje y la Arqueología de la Arquitectura, ha permitido comprender la formación del territorio fortificado en el Baixo Miño en época moderna, que se articulaba en base a sistema defensivos, tanto para puntos concretos del Miño como para la totalidad de esta área

[EN] This text is the result of the archaeological work carried out by a team from the Laboratory of Landscape Archaeology from the Padre Sarmiento Galician Studies Institute (CSIC-Xunta) and the Heritage, Paleoenvironment and Landscape Laboratory (IIT, USC), as part of drafting the Master Plan Fortalezas Transfronterizas del Tramo Bajo del Río Miño, awarded by the Dirección Xeral de Patrimonio Cultural of the Xunta de Galicia to the company Inzamac Technical Assistance S.A. This work consisted of conducting an archaeological survey prior to the writing of this master plan of all the fortifications located on the Galician margin of the Miño river, where it borders with Portugal, as well as the assets that may be related to infrastructure of these strengths. In this study derive some proposals for action. The study, from the approach of landscape archeology and the archeology of architecture, has elucidated the formation of the territory in the Baixo Miño fortified in modern times, which is articulated on the basis of defensive system, both for specific points of Miño as for the whole of this area.

The Historical Security Zone in the Dolmabahce Region: Military Buildings

by Deniz Ikiz

Will be published in the book "Mekanın Hafızası Dolmabahçe: Dolmabahçe’den Değişimi Okumak" as a chapter in Turkish in 2011.

Предварительная реконструкция римской крепости Наг эль-Хагар в Египте / Tentative Reconstruction of the Roman fortress at Nag el-Hagar in Egypt (in Russian)

by Dmitry Karelin

Молодые об искусстве. Материалы конференции аспирантов и соискателей НИИ теории и истории изобразительных искусств РАХ. Вып. 2 / Отв. Ред. Р.М. Байбурова. М.: Памятники исторической мысли, 2011. С. 7-15. (Baiburova R.M. (ed.) Young Scientists About the Art. Papers of the Conference of Postgraduate Students and Applicants of the Research Institute of Theory and History of Fine Arts of the Russian Academy of Arts. Issue 2. Moscow: Records of Historical Thought, 2011. P. 7-15.)

"Contribution à l’étude des fortifications au Proche-Orient (XIIe-XIIIe s.)"

by Nicolas PROUTEAU

Archéologie Islamique, n° 11, 2001, p. 207-212.

« Observations sur quelques forteresses de la région d‟Ani (XIIe-XVIIe s.)»

by Nicolas PROUTEAU

Revue des Etudes Arméniennes, t.XXX, 2005-2007, p.273-299. Avec Ph. Dangles.

Francesco Paciotti, European Geopolitics, and Military Architecture

by Ian Verstegen

Renaissance Studies (2010)

Francesco Paciotti (1520-1590) was one of the most famous military architects of the sixteenth century, building... more Francesco Paciotti (1520-1590) was one of the most famous military architects of the sixteenth century, building citadels in Turin and Antwerp and consulting all over Europe. Much of his success has not been properly connected to his descent from an illegitimate son of Giovanni della Rovere (d. 1501) and subsequent attainment of patrician status of the Paciotti clan in their native Urbino. The fact that Paciotti could be taken into confidence by allied European leaders – King Philip II of Spain, Duke Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, Popes Pius V and Gregory XIII – was afforded by his ambassador-like status for the Duke of Urbino, Guidobaldo II della Rovere (1514-1574). This new understanding of Paciotti’s success allows us to discover an order among his works. Far from those of a neutral journeyman, Paciotti’s projects all align diplomatically to Urbino-friendly jobs. The new understanding also, however, raises many new issues of the loftiness of the pursuit of military rather than civil architecture, of the secretive (and therefore largely unpublished) nature of noble-ambassadorial intellectual products, and the weight that should be given to the resulting historical record of texts and prints produced by anxious entrepreneurial authors and artists

Dalla spiaggia di Nettuno. Difese dello Stato ecclesiastico in età moderna. [From Nettuno's Beach. Defenses of the Church's State in Modern Age]

by Piero Cimbolli Spagnesi

In: CAPERNA, Maurizio (editor). Il forte di Nettuno. Storia, costruzione e restauri. ROMA: Gangemi Editore. 2006; pp. 70-86. ISBN 978-88-492-1180-1