Mathematics

WIP: Notes on Complete Set-Class Cover

by Stephen Soderberg

Representation of Boolean algebras in Topologized Distributive lattices

by Takuya Igami

This paper has not been completed yet. Especially, the review of literatures and bibliography should be added later.

In this paper, I gave some topologized distributive lattices. This lattice expresses directly properties of Priestley... more In this paper, I gave some topologized distributive lattices. This lattice expresses directly properties of Priestley space. Though this new lattice is very easy to handle with, and has very rich properties, it should be still related to recent research of topological algebras and canonical extension.

The Multivariate Watson Distribution: Maximum-Likelihood Estimation and other Aspects

by Suvrit Sra

Misyurov D.A. Dialectical formulas based on the binary notation as the development formulas // Credo New. 2012. №2

by Dmitry Misyurov

The article suggests dialectical formulas based on the binary notation as the development formulas: formula with... more The article suggests dialectical formulas based on the binary notation as the development formulas: formula with dominant and the non-dominant elements; universal formula; formula with symbolic weight of elements; tautological formula. For example, it suggests an opportunity to use the dialectical formulas for modeling and artificial intelligence creation, etc.

Tangrams and Area Dissection: A Epistemological and Didactical Perpsective

by Raymond Falcon

This paper will look at how tangrams can be a part of the curriculum of mathematics today.  Tangrams have a... more This paper will look at how tangrams can be a part of the curriculum of mathematics today.  Tangrams have a history as far back as the Chinese and from Archimedes himself.  The Seven Clever Piece Chinese Tangrams are comprised of seven pieces comprising of a parallelogram, a square, and five isosceles triangles of various sizes.  Archimedes’ puzzle is similar but instead is constructed by fourteen pieces in creating a square.  Tangrams and the Archimedes puzzle can be essential in investigating properties of algebra and geometry specifically area dissection, measurement, length, area, ratios, spatial reasoning, and spatial visualization.  This paper will examine the history of area dissection, epistemology, and didactics of tangrams and area dissection in order to better understand the pedagogy implications of tangrams in the mathematics classroom. 

« Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) » (2002)

by Michel Weber

« Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) », in Mander, W. J. and Sell, A. P. F. (Senior Editors), Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century British Philosophers, Bristol, Thoemmes Press, 2002, Vol. II, pp. 1236-1241.

Mathematical philosopher, born on 15 February 1861, at Ramsgate (Kent) and deceased 30 December 1947, at Cambridge... more Mathematical philosopher, born on 15 February 1861, at Ramsgate (Kent) and deceased 30 December 1947, at Cambridge (Massachusetts, United States). Whitehead entered Trinity College in 1880 with a scholarship in mathematics; in 1884, he was elected Fellow in Mathematics with a dissertation (now lost) on Maxwell’s Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism and started teaching mathematics and mathematical physics.

Morphological Variation in the Dusky Fruit Bat, Penthetor lucasi

by M.T. Abdullah, PhD

Dusky fruit bats morphology Dusky fruit bats morphology

A morphometric analysis of Rhinolophus species complex. 2008.

by M.T. Abdullah, PhD

DFA and CVA analyses were used to differentiate Malaysian Rhinolophus species complex. DFA and CVA analyses were used to differentiate Malaysian Rhinolophus species complex.

Phylogenetic Analysis of the Malaysian Rhinolopus and Hipposideros using mtDNA cytochrome b gene. PJTAS 34(2):281-294.

by M.T. Abdullah, PhD

Read Abdullah (2003)

The phylogenetic relationships among 10 species of Rhinolophus and 10 species of Hipposideros from Borneo and... more The phylogenetic relationships among 10 species of Rhinolophus and 10 species of Hipposideros from Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia were successfully inferred from the partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome (cyt) b sequences. Of the 413 nucleotide positions examined, there were 171 positions (41.4%), of which 164 positions (95.9%) were parsimoniously informative. The phylogenetic trees reconstruction using neighbour-joining (NJ), unweighted maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods suggest the monophyletic clustering of these families. The interspecific relationships within Rhinolophidae were completely resolved, while those within Hipposideridae were not fully resolved, as supported by the low bootstrap values. Overall, the phylogenetic analysis using partial mtDNA cyt b gene was useful to discriminate these complicated taxa and successfully revealed the misidentification of several specimens before due to their similar morphologies.

Keywords: Cytochrome b, Hipposideros, mitochondrial DNA, phylogenetics, Rhinolophus

Preliminary Morphometric Analysis of Aethalops aequalis. 2012

by M.T. Abdullah, PhD

Read Vijaya et al. (2012)

Aethalops aequalis was previously recorded as a subspecies of A. alecto in Borneo. They are difficult to distinguish... more Aethalops aequalis was previously recorded as a subspecies of A. alecto in Borneo. They are difficult to distinguish by external morphology as Malaysian Aethalops species are similar in size. The objective of this study was to characterize the morphological differences within the Malaysian A. aequalis populations based upon the evaluation of seven selected populations in Borneo. To this end, 11 skull and 11 dental characters were examined and analyzed using SPSS software. Six of these characters were found to be polymorphic across populations, with CM1 being the strongest character in most of the extracted functions followed by IM1, both of which are dental characters that relate to the lower jaw length. Character CM1 was generally shorter in most of the Southwest Sarawak populations compared to the Northeast Sarawak and Sabah populations. Aethalops aequalis from Sabah and Sarawak possessed a single skull morphotype and mountain isolation is, or has not yet been a sufficient barrier to lead to morphological divergence. The body and skull sizes were not affected by altitude or elevations, with A. aequalis possessing a single morphotype in Malaysian Borneo. In conclusion, little morphological variation was detected within and among the different geographical populations of A. aequalis in Sabah and Sarawak. The few differences found are likely to have arisen via natural selection driven adaptation to the new environment.

Morphometrical Variations of Malaysian Hipposideros Species. 2012

by M.T. Abdullah, PhD

Read Vijaya et al (2012)

A study on the morphometrical variations among four Malaysian Hipposideros species was conducted using voucher... more A study on the morphometrical variations among four Malaysian Hipposideros species was conducted using voucher specimens deposited in Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Zoological Museum and the Department of Widlife and National Park (DWNP) Kuala Lumpur. Twenty two individuals from four species of Hipposideros ater, H. bicolor, H. cineraceus and H. dyacorum were morphologically measured, in which a total of 27 linear parameters of body, skull and dentals of each were appropriately recorded. The statistical data were later subjected to discriminant function analysis (DFA) and canonical variate analysis (CVA) using SPSS version 15.0 and unweighted pair-group method average (UPGMA) cluster analysis using Minitab version 14.4. The highest character loadings observed in Function l, Function 2 and Function 3 were the forearm length (FA), the third digit second phalanx length (D3P2L) and the palatal length (PL) with standardised canonical discriminant function coefficient values of 21.910, 5.770 and 5.095, respectively. These three characters were identified as the best diagnostic features for discriminating these closely related species of Hipposideros. Hence, this morphometric approach could be a promising tool as an alternative to the molecular
DNA analysis for identification of Chiroptera species.

Is the magic over?

by Robin Ravi Gajria

The shadow of the late Martin Gardner looms large in Manchester this week as the workshop How to talk maths in public,... more The shadow of the late Martin Gardner looms large in Manchester this week as the workshop How to talk maths in public, organised by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, draws to a close. The question on everyone's mind is "who will fill the enormous hole left by his absence"?

Differntiation Vs. Intergration and application (Research findings not completed)

by Anuradha Chandrawansha

Maimonides' Guide of the Perplexed and the Transmission of the Mathematical Tract "On Two Asymptotic Lines" in the Arabic, Latin and Hebrew Medieval Traditions

by Gad Freudenthal

The Impact of Vulnerabilities and Strengths on the Academic Experiences of Twice-Exceptional Students: A Message to School Counselors Article Critique

by Jonathan Dunn

For the Critique of a Research Article I have chosen a research article published in the Journal of... more For the Critique of a Research Article I have chosen a research article published in the Journal of Professional-School-Counseling entitled, The Impact of Vulnerabilities and Strengths on the Academic Experiences of Twice-Exceptional Students: A Message to School Counselors. by Susan G. Assouline, Ph.D., Megan Foley Nicpon, Ph.D. and Dawn Huber, M.Ed. I have chosen this article because it a case-based study of Twice-Exceptional students, making it an interesting portion of qualitative research for me, and I am becoming more interested in the psychological aspects of students relevant to School Counselors. This article is of sufficient complexity to qualify for this assignment.

Ken Wilbur's Integral Theory of Consciousness as Applied to Instructional Theory

by Jonathan Dunn

        To include everything within your framework seems to be a daunting task. The world’s... more         To include everything within your framework seems to be a daunting task. The world’s greatest knowledge traditions need to be defined for our audience. Clearly, there is quite a bit of room to apply this theory to instructional theory. Difficulty lies in teachers and students ability to access their truth as well as individual and group perspectives. Depth is an additional factor to learning, beside content and pedagogy. It has been said that with depth comes clarity. Compassion is even a farther reach, after thoughtful understanding of learned material. Some research and instructional questions for participants in human endeavor might be; What frameworks have been affective in ordering the thoughts of students to find specific truths and perspectives? What frameworks can we use in order to access the greater integral framework? How do we assess our truths and seek other compatible truths which help us to formulate
instructional theory and design?

Perelman’ın İsyanı ve İspatı Üzerine Düşünceler

by Ozgur Narin

Grigori Perelman, capitalist production of science and millenium problem, mathematics.

This article is about Grigori Perelman's solution of millenium problem. This is may be the most important event in the... more This article is about Grigori Perelman's solution of millenium problem. This is may be the most important event in the field of Mathematics and Science

(2012e) Biological Systems as Systems of Increasing Entropy

by Diego Gabriel Krivochen

DRATF. NEW IMPROVED VERSION COMING SOON. Part of the project "Differentiated linguistic and genetic explorations of language impairments and disorders within a biolinguistic approach on language faculty and language design (UG)", directed by Prof. Dr. Habil. Peter Kosta (Universität Potsdam)

In this paper we will try to provide a formalization of some characteristics of the development of biological systems... more In this paper we will try to provide a formalization of some characteristics of the development of biological systems aiming at the highest level of adequacy: justificative adequacy, that is, not only what we observe (descriptive adequacy) and how we think it occurs (explanatory adequacy) but also what architectural properties (in terms of matter configuration, for example) license the occurrence of certain phenomena. Following the line of Kosta, Peters and Krivochen (2011) –and references therein-, in the case of a biological instantiation of a physical system, justificative adequacy is to be found in the genotype-phenotype dynamics. Moreover, we will claim that this dynamic should be analyzed from a mathematical point of view, since the genotype is hypersensitive to initial conditions: a small change in a certain state of the system may have drastic effects on the output (what is commonly known as “the butterfly effect”). Our inquiry will lead us to revisit the concept of specific language impairment and its relation to other potential phenotypic states of the relevant biological system. Regarding methodology, we will use chaos theory applied to biology and also physical genetics in order to frame our research and give it theoretical weight.

Self-Organization in Primates: Understanding the Rules Underlying Collective Movements

by Cedric Sueur

An Investigation of Item Bias in Science & Tecnology Subtests and Mathematic Subtests in Level Determination Exam (LDE)

by Halil Eksi

İsmail KARAKAYA
Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice - 12(1) • Winter • 222-229

The aim of this study is to determine the items in Science and Technology and Mathematics subtests of 6th, 7th,more The aim of this study is to determine the items in Science and Technology and Mathematics subtests of 6th, 7th,
and 8th grades in the 2009 LDE, which was performed to select the students for the secondary schools, exhibited
item bias with regard to student gender. Mantel-Haenszel (MH) method was used in order to determine
the differential item functioning (DIF) of the items in the tests. The study was carried out with 22624 students in
total, 6913 of whom were 6th year students (3614 males and 3299 females), 6333 of whom were 7th year students
(3277 males and 3066 females) and 9374 of whom were 8th year students (4290 males and 5084 females). When
the Science and technology subtest items are examined, it is seen that 2 (items number 6 and 16) in 6th grade,
3 in 8th grade (item number 14, 15, and 17) tests have B-level DIF. Among those five items 3 are favoring girls
and 2 are favoring boys. In Mathematics subtests, item number 3 in 6th grade, item number 3 in 7th grade, and
items 2 and 6 in 8th grade have DIF at B level. While 3 of those items work in favor of males, remaining 1 item
works in favor of females. Content experts are asked for their opinion on the items having DIF to explore if any
of them are biased. Based on the expert reviews it has been concluded that none of them includes gender bias.