Lichenology

Assessment of antifungal activity of himalayan foliose lichens

by Priti Pandey

In vitro antifungal activity of the acetone, methanol and chloroform extracts of four lichen species viz, Bulbothirx... more In vitro antifungal activity of the acetone, methanol and chloroform extracts of four lichen species viz, Bulbothirx setschwanensis, Everniastrum nepalense, Heterodermia diademata, Parmelaria thomsonii were investigated against seven plant pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. roseum and Penicillium citrinum) with reference to commercially available synthetic antifungal drug Ketoconazole (positive control). Lichen secondary metabolites were extracted using Soxhlet extractor and were further recovered through gentle evaporation of solvents in rotatory evaporator. Antifungal activity was analysed employing BauerKirby disc diffusion assay. Acetone and methanol extracts of lichenized fungi were found more effective against tested plant pathogenic fungi. Principal component analysis concluded that though, Ketoconazole was effective against four of the tested plant pathogenic fungi, acetone and methanol extracts of lichens were comparatively more effective against some broad spectrum plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. roseum).

Additions to the lichen flora of Nilgiris in Tamil Nadu

by Siljo Joseph

Siljo Joseph, Sanjeeva Nayaka & V.S. Ramachandran. 2011. Additions to the lichen flora of Nilgiris in Tamil Nadu. ENVIS Newsletter 16(1): 6

Two species of corticolous Opegrapha Ach. (lichenized Ascomycota) new to India

by Siljo Joseph

Siljo Joseph & G. P. Sinha. 2011. Two species of corticolous Opegrapha Ach. (lichenized Ascomycota) new to India. Geophytology 40 (1-2): 83 - 86

Diversity and distribution of terricolous lichens as indicator of habitat heterogeneity and grazing induced trampling in a temperate-alpine shrub and meadow

by Lichenology in India

Himanshu Rai , D.K.Upreti , R.K. Gupta (2012). Diversity and distribution of terricolous lichens as indicator of habitat heterogeneity and grazing induced trampling in a temperate-alpine shrub and meadow. Biodiversity and Conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, 21:97–113,  DOI 10.1007/ s10531-011-0168-z.

Lichens are among the most sensitive biomonitors of ecosystem health and human induced disturbances. Terricolous... more Lichens are among the most sensitive biomonitors of ecosystem health and human induced disturbances. Terricolous lichens of Chopta–Tungnath (Garhwal, western Himalaya, India) were analysed for their ability to indicate habitat variability and disturbances induced by livestock grazing. Terricolous lichens were sampled from 12 sites, distributed across the three macrohabitats between 2,700 and 4,001 m, using 50 × 10 cm narrow frequency grids having five 10 × 10 cm sampling units. The terricolous lichen community of the area constituted, 20 species belonging to 10 genera, five families and four growth forms. Altitude and relative humidity were the major habitat factors found influencing the terricolous lichen community of the landscape. Fruticose and compound soil lichen growth forms were found indicative of habitat disturbance largely caused by grazing induced trampling. Terricolous lichen diversity of the area was delimited by grazing pressure at mid-altitudes (3,000–3,400 m) and by decreasing soil cover at higher altitudes (>3,400 m).

Air Quality Monitoring with Lichens in India Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

by Lichenology in India

Vertika Shukla and D. K. Upreti (2012).Air Quality Monitoring with Lichens in India. Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.In.E. Lichtfouse et al. (eds.), Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World: 277 Volume 2: Remediation of Air and Water Pollution,pp 277-294

Air quality monitoring is an integral part of an Environmental Impact Assessment Programme. It can be carried out... more Air quality monitoring is an integral part of an Environmental Impact Assessment Programme. It can be carried out either by direct air samplers or by employing biomonitoring plants. Monitoring of air pollution using living organisms provide information on the nature and quantity of pollutants at low cost. Lichens can be used as biomonitoring organism because they have slow growth rate and can survive longer than vascular plants and are highly dependent on atmospheric source for nutrients. The feature that makes lichens a very useful group of plants in comparison to other vascular plants is that they do not shed their parts and remain a repository of facts. Lichen biomonitoring in a diverse and wide geographic area of India can provide a cost effective alternative to monitor the air quality of such a wide region. The data presented here is the consolidated information about the biomonitoring studies carried out in India till date, which will provide the base line data for future biomonitoring studies and prospects of utilizing lichens in air quality studies in India. The pollutants discussed are Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Hg, Cr and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Multivariate approach in Lichen biomonitoring studies: Validation of Lichens as an efficient bioindicator

by Himanshu Rai

Conference Proceedings:
Himanshu Rai,Rajan K. Gupta, D.K. Upreti,  Multivariate approach in Lichen biomonitoring studies: Validation of Lichens as an efficient bioindicator,1st World Congress for Man and Nature, Global Climate Change & Biodiversity Conservation, 11-13 Nov. 201, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India,pp.427.

Lichens as an indicator of pollution gradient in central India: physiological and distributional variables

by Himanshu Rai

POSTER: Komal K. Ingle, Himanshu Rai, DK Upreti, Satish Mohabe, Suman Trivedi, Lichens as an indicator of pollution gradient in central India: physiological and distributional variables, National Seminar on Changing Environment: Present Scenario and its Conservation, BDS College, Kanpur (Dec. 01-02, 2011)

Lichens are a unique group of plants which comprises of an alga (phycobiont) and a fungus (mycobiont) living together... more Lichens are a unique group of plants which comprises of an alga (phycobiont) and a fungus (mycobiont) living together in a symbiotic association. The morpho-anatomic peculiarities (i.e. absence of waxy cuticle, absence of root and absorption of water and nutrients passively from the environment) of lichens along with their ability to grow nearly in any type of the terrestrial biome make them an efficient bio-resource which can be calibrated for bio-monitoring.
A lichen based monitoring study was conducted in central India- Bhopal (230 15’N 770 25’E), Madhya Pradesh in order to assess the indicator capabilities of lichen communities along pollution gradient. The city centre was devoid of lichens indicating higher level of pollution, while the outskirts of the city exhibit dominance of lichen species belonging to the family Physiaceae, which are well known group of toxi-tolerant lichens. Among the different growth form of lichens the crustose form dominates the area followed by foliose lichens. Total chlorophyll of Pyxine species was found significantly correlated with distance from centre to the outskirt of the city (r 2 = 0.53, p< 0.05) which can be attributed to pollution gradient along the centre to the outskirt of the city.

The Most Ancient Terrestrial Lichen Winfrenatia reticulata : A New Find and New Interpretation, or in Russian Version:" WINFRENATIA RETICULATA - ДРЕВНЕЙШИЙ НАЗЕМНЫЙ ЛИШАЙНИК ИЗ НИЖНЕГО ДЕВОНА; НОВАЯ НАХОДКА, НОВАЯ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ"

by SERGEY VIKULIN

Winfrenatia is the oldest known terrestrial lichen,[1] known from the lower Devonian Rhynie Chert.
It comprises comprises a thallus, made of layered, aseptate hyphae, with a number of depressions on its top surface. Each depression contains a net of hyphae holding a sheathed cyanobacterium. The fungus appears to be related to the Zygomycetes, and the photobiont resembles the coccoid Gloeocapsa and Chroococcidiopsis.[2] There may be two separate algae, making the lichen a symbiosis of three organisms.[1]
=

[1] Karatygin, I. V.; Snigirevskaya, N. S.; Vikulin, S. V. (2009). "The most ancient terrestrial lichen Winfrenatia reticulata: A new find and new interpretation". Paleontological Journal 43: 107. doi:10.1134/S0031030109010110.
[2]Taylor, T. N.; Hass, H.; Kerp, H. (1 July 1997). "A Cyanolichen from the Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert". American Journal of Botany 84 (7): 992. doi:10.2307/2446290. ISSN 00029122. edit
Karatygin, I. V.; Snigirevskaya, N. S.; Vikulin, S. V. (2009). "The most ancient terrestrial lichen Winfrenatia reticulata: A new find and new interpretation". Paleontological Journal 43: 107.
Taylor, T. N.; Hass, H.; Kerp, H. (1 July 1997). "A Cyanolichen from the Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert". American Journal of

(Russian version)

Silicified fossils from Rhynie cherts in Scotland are studied. A lichen belonging to the... more (Russian version)

Silicified fossils from Rhynie cherts in Scotland are studied. A lichen belonging to the genus Winfrenatia is detected and studied. This oldest terrestrial lichen is dated to the Pragian (=Siegenian) of the Early Devonian. New characters of the lichen are described, and their new interpretation is given. The main component of the lichen thallus is a filamentous cyanobacterium (Nostocales). Structures which were interpreted as fungal hyphae are probably hollow sheaths of this cyanobacterium. Mycobiont hyphae develop at the base of the thallus and symbiose with a coccoid cyanobacterium. Thus, Winfrenatia reticulata is a three-parted organism, constituted of a mycobiont and filamentous and coccoid cyanobacteria.

Diversity and distribution of terricolous lichens as indicator of habitat heterogeneity and grazing induced trampling in a temperate-alpine shrub and meadow

by Himanshu Rai

Himanshu Rai, D. K. Upreti and Rajan K. Gupta

Lichens are among the most sensitive biomonitors of ecosystem health and human induced disturbances. Terricolous... more Lichens are among the most sensitive biomonitors of ecosystem health and human induced disturbances. Terricolous lichens of Chopta–Tungnath (Garhwal, western Himalaya, India) were analysed for their ability to indicate habitat variability and disturbances induced by livestock grazing. Terricolous lichens were sampled from 12 sites, distributed across the three macrohabitats between 2,700 and 4,001 m, using 50 × 10 cm narrow frequency grids having five 10 × 10 cm sampling units. The terricolous lichen community of the area constituted, 20 species belonging to 10 genera, five families and four growth forms. Altitude and relative humidity were the major habitat factors found influencing the terricolous lichen community of the landscape. Fruticose and compound soil lichen growth forms were found indicative of habitat disturbance largely caused by grazing induced trampling. Terricolous lichen diversity of the area was delimited by grazing pressure at mid-altitudes (3,000–3,400 m) and by decreasing soil cover at higher altitudes (>3,400 m).

Türk Halk Tıbbında Likenler ve İlgili Terimlerin Etimolojisi.

by Mustafa Yavuz

Yavuz M. & Yavuz S. (2009). Türk Halk Tıbbında Likenler ve İlgili Terimlerin Etimolojisi. Türk Liken Topluluğu Bülteni 7:24–28

Bu çalışmada Liken, Yosun, Duvale, Hazaz ve Şeyb kelimelerinin anlamlan incelenmiştir. Bir elyazması tıp kitabından ve... more Bu çalışmada Liken, Yosun, Duvale, Hazaz ve Şeyb kelimelerinin anlamlan incelenmiştir. Bir elyazması tıp kitabından ve iki matbaa baskısı botanik kitabından örnekler verilmiştir. Türk halk tıbbında geçen Hazaz el-Sahr kelimesinin saksikol ve kabuksu likenlere, Şeyb et'ül Acûz'un ise açık renkli yapraksı likenlere verilmiş isimler olduğu bulunmuştur.

Etymology of Lichens and Related Terms in Turkish Folkloric Medicine
In this study, etymology of some terms used to describe lichens for instance "Liken", "Yosun", "Duvale", "Hazaz" and "Şeyb" were examined. Samples from one handwritten medicine manuscript and two press botanical books were given. it is found that, Hazaz el-Sahr had been used in order to describe saxicolous and crustose lichen species while Şeybet'ül Acûz for light-coloured foliose lichen species, in Turkish Folkloric Medicine.

Terricolus lichen genus Cladonia in India: substrate and habitat preferences

by Himanshu Rai

Himanshu Rai, DK Upreti, RK Gupta (2011) Terricolus lichen genus Cladonia in India: substrate and habitat preferences, XXIV Indian Botanical Conference, Oct 10-12,2011, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow,pp139

Occurrence of a rare, crustose lichen, Ophioparma ventosa (Ophioparmaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), from alpine regions of Arunachal Pradesh, India

by Himanshu Rai

Khare, R., Rai, H., Upreti, D. K., Dubey, U. and Gupta, R. K. (2010), Occurrence of rare, crustose lichen, Ophioparma ventosa (Ophioparmaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), from alpine regions of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Feddes Repertorium, 121: 184–188. doi: 10.1002/fedr.201000029

Ophioparma ventosa (L.) Norman, belonging to family Ophioparmaceae, a rare lichen species has been recorded for the... more Ophioparma ventosa (L.) Norman, belonging to family Ophioparmaceae, a rare lichen species has been recorded for the first time from north east alpine Himalaya, India after the gap of more than hundred years, when it was first recorded by Leighton from Sikkim in the year 1879. This saxicolous species is found growing together with other saxicolous lichens and mosses. This species was recorded previously from alpine regions of Eastern Nepal.

Lichen Records from Dobrogea, Romania

by Mustafa Yavuz

Yavuz M. & Çobanoğlu G. (2008). Lichen Records from Dobrogea, Romania. Muzeul Olteniei Craiova. Oltenia. Studii şi comunicări. Ştiinţele Naturii, XXIV: 17-21. ISSN 1454-6914

In this study, a list of 50 lichen taxa from Dobrogea Region of Romania is reported after a supplementary workshop and... more In this study, a list of 50 lichen taxa from Dobrogea Region of Romania is reported after a supplementary workshop and a beneficial result of Socrates Comenius Project Meeting organised by Palatul Copiilor Constanta. Two species, Catapyrenium squamulosum (ACH.) BREUSS and Physconia perisidiosa (ERICHSEN) MOBERG are new records for Romania. Forty-eight speciesare new records for Constanta and twenty-three species, for Tulcea provinces.

În acest studiu, este prezentată o listă cu 50 taxoni de licheni, întalniţi în provincia Dobrogea din România, ca rezultat al unui workshop suplimentar şi al rezultatului benefic în urma întâlnirii în cadrul Proiectului Comenius Socrates, organizat la palatul Copiilor din Constanîa. Două specii, Catapyrenium squamulosum (ARCH.) BREUSS şi Physconia perisiudiosa (ERICHSEN) MOBERG, sunt semnalate pentru prima dată în România. Patruzeci şi opt specii sunt semnalate pentru prima dată pentru judeţul Constanţa, iar douăzeci şi trei specii pentru judeţul Tulcea.

Additional and new lichen records from Cozia National Park, Romania

by Mustafa Yavuz

Biodiversity, Romania, Mustafa, Irina, Cozia, Lichens, Gülşah, Iulian, Lichenized fungi, National Park

A list of 115 lichen taxa from Cozia National Park includes 8 new records for the mycota of Romania and 77 taxa new... more A list of 115 lichen taxa from Cozia National Park includes 8 new records for the mycota of Romania and 77 taxa new for Cozia. Distribution and substrata are summarized, and the complete annotated species list is posted at

http://www.mycotaxon.
com/resources/weblists.html

Lichen Records from Afyonkarahisar and Isparta Provinces

by Mustafa Yavuz

Çobanoğlu G. & Yavuz M. (2006). Lichen Records from Afyonkarahisar and Isparta Provinces. Turk J Bot 30 (2006) 467–476

A list of 89 lichen taxa is reported from the provinces of Afyonkarahisar and Isparta. Fifteen taxa from... more A list of 89 lichen taxa is reported from the provinces of Afyonkarahisar and Isparta. Fifteen taxa from Afyonkarahisar and 38 from Isparta are new records for these provinces.

Lichen Flora of Pamukkale (Hierapolis), Turkey

by Mustafa Yavuz

Yavuz M. & Çobanoğlu G. (2007) Lichen Flora of Pamukkale (Hierapolis), Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 10 (17): 2998–3001

A list of 82 lichen taxa is reported from Pamukkale (Hierapolis) in the province of Denizli. Sixty four taxa from the... more A list of 82 lichen taxa is reported from Pamukkale (Hierapolis) in the province of Denizli. Sixty four taxa from the study area are new records for the province. Four taxa are new to Turkey: Lecania sylvestris, Lecanora sambuci, Opegrapha herbarum, Peltula patellata.

Contribution to Lichen Records From Antalya Province (Güzelçam Yaylası))

by Mustafa Yavuz

Çobanoğlu G. & Yavuz M. (2007). Contribution to Lichen Records From Antalya Province (Güzelçam Yaylası) Annals of the University of Craiova, Series: Biology, Horticulture, Environmental Engineering, XII (XLVIII): 5–14

A list of 79 lichen taxa is reported from Güzelçam Yaylasi in the province of Antalya. 4 taxa are new records for the... more A list of 79 lichen taxa is reported from Güzelçam Yaylasi in the province of Antalya. 4 taxa are new records for the province.

Epiphytic and Terricolous Lichens Diversity in Cozia National Park (Romania)

by Mustafa Yavuz

Abstract: A list of 76 lichens taxa, including mainly epiphytic and many terricolous lichenized fungi, is reported... more Abstract: A list of 76 lichens taxa, including mainly epiphytic and many terricolous lichenized fungi, is reported from Cozia National Park-Romania. Nine taxa are newly recorded for Romania. 54 taxa are new for Cozia.
Keywords: lichenized fungi, diversity, epiphytic, terricolous, Cozia.

Rezumat: Diversitatea lichenilor tereştri şi epifitici din Parcul Naţional Cozia (România). O listă cu 76 de taxoni, incluzând în special lichenii epifitici şi tericoli, este raportată din Parcul Naţional Cozia (Romania). 9 taxoni sunt amintiţi în premieră pentru România, iar 54 taxoni pentru Cozia.
Cuvinte cheie: licheni, diversitate, epifitic, tericol, Cozia

Lichen Records from La Rioja, Spain

by Mustafa Yavuz

Yavuz M. & Çobanoglu G. (2008). Lichen Records from La Rioja, Spain. Lazaroa 29: 143-145 ISSN: 0210-9778

As a by-product of the E.U. Socrates Comenius Project Meeting held in Alfaro, La Rioja Spain in 2006; a list of 35... more As a by-product of the E.U. Socrates Comenius Project Meeting held in Alfaro, La Rioja Spain in 2006; a list of 35 lichen taxa collected in the region is presented. Nine species are new records for Comunidad Autónoma de La Rioja: Buellia aethalea, Caloplaca crenularia, Caloplaca luteoalba, Candelariella aurella, Cladonia strepsilis, Lecanora dispersa, Lecanora piniperda, Lecanora saligna and Xanthoria polycarpa. Information on the localities and substrata of the collections are provided.

Se presentan en este trabajo algunos de los resultados de la reunión que sobre el proyecto Comenius (proyecto Socrates, U.E.) se celebró en Alfaro, La Rioja en el año 2006. Dichos resultados engloban una lista de 35 líquenes recolectados en dicha región. De ellos, nueve especies son nuevas citas: Buellia aethalea, Caloplaca crenularia, Caloplaca luteoalba, Candelariella aurella, Cladonia strepsilis, Lecanora dispersa, Lecanora piniperda, Lecanora saligna y Xanthoria polycarpa.

Preliminary Data About The Romanian-Turkish Colaboration in The Study of The Lichens From Cozia Mount

by Mustafa Yavuz

Costache I, Yavuz M, Çobanoğlu G, Răduţoiu D ve Radu I. (2007). Preliminary Data About The Romanian-Turkish Colaboration in The Study of The Lichens From Cozia Mount Annals of the University of Craiova, Series: Biology, Horticulture, Environmental Engineering, XII (XLVIII): 15-20

The work has an informativ character concerning the colaboration Romanian-Turkish in the study of the lichens from the... more The work has an informativ character concerning the colaboration Romanian-Turkish in the study of the lichens from the Cozia Mount. The plan of colaboration had been solicited and initiated of the partners from Turkey, that had accomplished a Website about Lichens of Cozia. http://cozialichens.googlepages.com and cozialichens@gmail.com.

At the research had also taken part:
Irina RADU- The Technical Forest College Rm.-Valcea,
Pavel PRUNDEL- The Administration of the Cozia National Park. Of course, had been invited to join the group experts from the university center Cluj, certain the distinguished professor Maria Ciurchea and professor Decebal-Radu CIURCHEA, that had honored us with his presence at Câciulata for two days, occasion to take place the honorable meet with the partners of Turkey.