Going Under the Knife: Examining Cosmetic Surgery
by Tyler Carson
forthcoming in Journal of Liberty and Society, 2012
The popularization of cosmetic surgery, particularly on women’s bodies, in Western cultures has initiated an academic... more The popularization of cosmetic surgery, particularly on women’s bodies, in Western cultures has initiated an academic discourse that identifies and critiques the social harms of this recent phenomenon. From this discourse has emerged a debate around whether some or all forms of cosmetic surgeries should be banned in Canada. Using a bioethical framework that observes the fact of reasonable pluralism and recognizes the diverse range of reasonable moral comprehensive doctrines, I posit that a liberal democracy cannot legitimately ban or restrict cosmetic surgery. In this short paper, I provide a brief exegesis of Rawls’ political conception of justice, utilizing the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, to substantiate my claim that a liberal democracy must refrain from choosing one comprehensive doctrine over another. Instead, the state must respect the fact of reasonable pluralism and therefore must provide a political and legal framework that allows each person’s comprehensive doctrine to be realized. I also address the legitimate concerns raised by feminist and other scholars who argue that societal constructions of femininity coerce women into desiring these surgeries. I ultimately argue that this critique approaches cosmetic surgery, as a bioethical question, from the wrong level of analysis; it evaluates the morality and social reasons for cosmetic surgery. In summary, I assert that a liberal democracy must resist engaging in these so-called debates around “the bioethics of everyday life” and instead focus on providing policies and laws that uphold a political conception of justice that does not impose a moral comprehensive doctrine onto the individual.
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Seen by:Natural Law Internalism
by Thom Brooks
Published in Thom Brooks (ed.), Hegel's Philosophy of Right. Oxford: Blackwell, 2012, pp. 167-79.
Keywords:
natural law internalism;theories of natural law externalism;Hegel's natural law... more
Keywords:
natural law internalism;theories of natural law externalism;Hegel's natural law internalism;classical natural law;natural law of standard of justice, on reason;“true law” universally and eternally true;modern natural law theories;Hegel's understanding of natural law;Hegel's legal philosophy, natural law;novel reinvention of natural law
Summary
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
Classical Natural Law
Modern Natural Law
Hegel's Natural Law Internalism
Natural Law Internalism or Externalism?
Conclusion
Notes
References
Illegal evictions? Overwriting possession and orality with law’s violence in Cambodia
Springer, S. Forthcoming. Illegal evictions? Overwriting possession and orality with law’s violence in Cambodia. Journal of Agrarian Change.
The unfolding of a juridico-cadastral system in present-day Cambodia is at odds with local understandings of... more The unfolding of a juridico-cadastral system in present-day Cambodia is at odds with local understandings of landholding, which are entrenched in notions of community consensus and existing occupation. The discrepancy between such orally recognized antecedents and the written word of law have been at the heart of the recent wave of dispossessions that have swept across the country. Contra the standard critique that corruption has set the tone, this paper argues that evictions in Cambodia are often literally underwritten by the articles of law. Whereas ‘possession’ is a well-understood and accepted concept in Cambodia, a cultural basis rooted in what James C. Scott refers to as ‘orality’, coupled with a long history of subsistence agriculture, semi-nomadic lifestyles, barter economies, and–until recently–widespread land availability have all ensured that notions of ‘property’ are vague among the country’s majority rural poor. In drawing a firm distinction between possessions and property, where the former is premised upon actual use and the latter is embedded in exploitation, this article examines how proprietorship is inextricably bound to the violence of law.
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Seen by: and 20 moreEsplorazioni neurogiuridiche tra antichità e modernità (Neurolegal Explorations between Antiquity and Modernity)
published in "Atti dell´Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati", a. 261, 2011, ser. IX, vol. I, B, pp. 43-93.
The object of this paper, which ranges over subjects such as law, neuroscience, mirror neurons, modularism and... more The object of this paper, which ranges over subjects such as law, neuroscience, mirror neurons, modularism and language, is the study of the evolutionary origin of law. This is a question at the margins of the more general field of neurolaw, already prominent at the international level but still confined, in Italy, to niche legal elaborations.
50th Anniversary Hart's Concept of Law
Coedited with Imer B. Flores (UNAM).
Reconsider the influence of H. L. A. Hart’s The Concept of Law (1961) in its fiftieth anniversary, in particular, and... more Reconsider the influence of H. L. A. Hart’s The Concept of Law (1961) in its fiftieth anniversary, in particular, and the legacy of his work, in general, is an idea that first came to mind in informal discussions between Tom Campbell, Imer B. Flores, and Wilfrid J. Waluchow during the Conference The Legacy of H. L. A. Hart: Legal, Political, and Moral Philos- ophy, organized by the Cambridge Forum for Legal and Po- litical Philosophy, in Cambridge University, Cambridge (United Kingdom), July 27-28, 2007. Actually, the idea that it is necessary not only to reconsider Hart’s The Con- cept of Law but also to re-read and even to re-write it, can be traced back to Nicola Lacey’s A Life of H. L. A. Hart. The Nightmare and the Noble Dream, where she points out that the Appendix to The Concept of Law, which is now known as the “Postscript”, was conceived at some point by Hart himself as an essay with the title “The Concept of Law Re- considered”. Along these lines, Enrique Cáceres, Imer B. Flores, and Juan Vega Gómez agreed to pay tribute to Hart’s The Con- cept of Law in its golden anniversary not only by dedicating to him and his masterpiece the Discussion of Problema, Volume 5, but also by devoting themselves to the organiza- tion of different activities, during 2011, including a tête à tête Seminar Discussion between Kenneth E. Himma and Wilfrid J. Waluchow, two of the most representative heirs of Hart’s “soft positivism”, i.e. “inclusive legal positivism”. In addition, Flores proposed a Special Workshop “H. L. A. Hart’s The Concept of Law Reconsidered” to the organizers of the XXV IVR World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy “Law, Science, Technology”, which was held in Frankfurt am Main (Germany), August 18, 2011, with the participation of Tom Campbell, Pierluigi Chiassoni, Imer B. Flores, Noam Gur, Eerik Lagerspetz, and Roger Shiner. In the meantime, Jorge Fabra, approached Waluchow with similar proposals and was redirected to Flores, with whom he joined forces calling for submissions to this volume as guest editors. It is worth to mention that the Discussion is inaugurated with a biographical and bibliographical memo filled of refer- ences by Matthew H. Kramer and a more personal note full of anecdotes by Wilfrid J. Waluchow, in which the last stu- dent supervised by H. L. A. Hart re-tells some of the stories that depict his supervisor, mentor, friend and inspiration. The Discussion also includes the revised papers that both Himma and Waluchow presented both in the International Conference on Legal Philosophy hosted by the Graduate Program in Law at UNAM in Acatlán, one of the campus in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, and in the Discussion Seminar “Problema” organized by the Legal Research Insti- tute at UNAM, in the main campus, and also a reply from Himma to Waluchow. In addition, the volume incorporates the revised versions of the papers presented in the Special Workshop, and other papers submitted by Keith Culver and Michael Giudice, Pavlos Eleftheriadis, Giorgio Pino, Dan Priel, and Fabio P. Schecaira. As editors of this Discussion we are very pleased with the result and hope that the reader will enjoy the articles col- lected in this volume, which by the by contains original contributions. Most of them reconsidering the place of Hart’s The Concept of Law in Legal Theory and Philosophy (Campbell, Lagerspetz, Priel, and Schecaria); some pointing to the virtues of Hart’s methodology (Chiassoni, Culver and Giudice, Eleftheriadis, and Waluchow); and still others de- veloping critical reassessments of his main thesis (Flores, Gur, Himma, Pino and Shiner). Finally, we are extremely grateful to all the contributors for their enthusiasm that made possible this little homage to the “aristocracy of our intellect”.
Genetyka behawioralna na sali sądowej [Behavioral Genetics in the Courtroom]
Accepted Paper; 'Forum prawnicze'
The paper posits the thesis that there is no methodological shortcut between behavioral genetics and legal sciences,... more
The paper posits the thesis that there is no methodological shortcut between behavioral genetics and legal sciences, and we are not into position to walk on the bridge between genetics and law (especially, in the courtrooms).
The structure of the paper is as follows. First, legal cases where behavioral genetics played some role are presented (Bayout, Stefani, Landrigan). In the next step possible points of intersection of law and genetics are described (culpability, mitigation etc.). The third and fourth part of the paper are devoted to genetic research (i.e. on C. elegans) in order to establish the relation between genes, neurons, environment (and again - genes).
The conclusion of the paper is twofold (or even threefold). There is no strong evidence that genetic research can be of any use in legal proceedings. On the other hand, behavioral genetics is already on the courtroom's doorstep and legal community should be prepared for it. And at the end, the relation between behavioral genetics and legal cases is a very interesting problem for legal philosophy and theory.
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Seen by: and 8 moreFundamental rights and shared social responsibilities: exploring their complementarity
published in Farrell, G. (ed.) Towards a Europe of shared social responsibilities: challenges and strategies, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg, 2011.
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Seen by:Two Kinds of Expressive Harm
Draft written for a conference on hate crime legislation.
Enhanced punishment for hate crimes can't be justified on the basis of greater psychological or physical harm, nor... more Enhanced punishment for hate crimes can't be justified on the basis of greater psychological or physical harm, nor greater blameworthiness of the perpetrator. It is better to focus on expressive harm, harm constituted by attitudes manifested by either the perpetrator (the Expressive Wrongdoing view) or the attitudes of a community that allows some to manifest contempt or disgust of a group (the Expressive Punishment view). I briefly defend the superiority of Expressive Punishment.

