Landscape Ecological Planning (Ecological Planning)

Green Infrastructure for Asian Cities: The Spatial Concepts and Planning Strategies

by Sadahisa Kato

Peer-reviewed paper
Kato, S. 2011. Green Infrastructure for Asian Cities: The Spatial Concepts and Planning Strategies. Journal of the 2011 International Symposium on City Planning: 161-170. Korea Planners Association.

Reviewed the concept of green infrastructure (GI) and five cases of GI-like application in Japan; proposed four... more Reviewed the concept of green infrastructure (GI) and five cases of GI-like application in Japan; proposed four general landscape planning and design guidelines of GI from a landscape ecology perspective; and made recommendations of four areas of application of GI to Asian cities

Can we Protect Agricultural Land and the Scenic Rural Landscape? The spatial effects of three land protection strategies in the eastern United States

by Elizabeth Brabec

2012 JEPM Assessing habitat connectivity for land-use planning a method integrating landscape graphs and Delphi survey_amended

by Scolozzi Rocco

Increasing fragmentation is occurring in most valley floors in Alpine regions, where urbanization and infrastructure... more Increasing fragmentation is occurring in most valley floors in Alpine regions, where urbanization and infrastructure development are reducing connectivity among remnant natural areas. This undermines the conservation of alpine biodiversity. Using a landscape graph-based approach, we visualized and assessed the dispersal opportunities for three target species (Rana synk. esculenta, Erinaceus europaeus, Moscardinus avellanarius) on a municipal scale. We considered the barrier effect caused by landscape objects, such as linear infrastructures and artificial land covers. Species-specific barrier effects were estimated through a Delphi survey involving 25 experts. The information collected was then used to draw a landscape graph of local connections and to estimate the functioning of the networks of habitat patches in terms of their capability of sustaining local populations of target species. The methodology was applied in an alpine valley floor in Trentino, northern Italy, and resulted in the mapping of all possible and remnant linkages between habitat patches in its current state. The approach may provide a better qualitative understanding of the impacts of proposed land-use changes, and was found to be particularly helpful in
contexts where availability of data is limited.

Landscapes of political memories: War legacies and land negotiations in Laos

by Ian Baird

Ian G. Baird and Philippe Le Billon (Published online, May 2012) Political Geography

Wars and their aftermaths frequently transform land use and ownership, reshaping ‘post-conflict’ landscapes through... more Wars and their aftermaths frequently transform land use and ownership, reshaping ‘post-conflict’ landscapes through new boundaries, population movements, land reforms and conditions of access. Within a global context of controversial land concessions and farmland acquisitions, we bring to light the continued salience of historical memories of war in the ways land conflicts are being negotiated in Laos. Considering circumstances at different scalesdfrom bilateral government relations to village-level claimsdwe find that political capital linked to memories of wartime affiliations have crucial spatial and place-based connections, and that they affect the ways investors, government officials and villagers negotiate over land concessions. Ethnographic evidence, spatial analysis and a survey of expatriate development workers engaged with land issues in Laos suggest that such ‘political memories’ are an important but often overlooked factor in shaping an uneven concessions landscape. We discuss implications for foreign development organizations that tend to privilege technical and legal aspects of land
management over such political dimensions.

Applying landscape ecological concepts and metrics in sustainable landscape planning

by André Botequilha-Leitão

Evaluation of the stability of waste-based geopolymeric artificial aggregates for wastewater treatment processes under different curing conditions

by Antonio Albuquerque

I. Silva, J. Castro-Gomes, A. Albuquerque
Advances in Science and Technology, 2010, V. 69, 86-91.

Waste geopolymeric artificial aggregates (WGA) with different atomic ratios of mining waste mud/Na2SiO (4 to 5) and... more Waste geopolymeric artificial aggregates (WGA) with different atomic ratios of mining waste mud/Na2SiO (4 to 5) and Na2SiO/NaOH (1.25 to 5) were produced using curing temperatures of 20ºC and 130ºC and its structural stability and pH variation after immersion in water was observed during 3 months. Results showed that WGA with mud/Na2SiO and Na2SiO/NaOH of 5 and 4, respectively, cured at 20ºC presented good stability in water and pH decreased from 10 to 7
in 24 days. Compressive strength was determined in additional samples cured at 20ºC and 80ºC in dry conditions, for 13 curing ages and 15 water immersion periods (up to 14 weeks). Results of this second stage showed that increasing temperature to 80ºC accelerated compressive strength gain but
only during the first 3 weeks (up to 15.4 MPa). After 24 h in water compressive strength decreased to half of the initial values determined in dry conditions in all samples and, therefore, the increase of temperature did not bring benefits to WGA strength in water. Regardless the curing temperature and the dry curing age comprehensive strength stabilizes between 1 MPa and 2 MPa after 4 weeks immersion in water, which are values that makes WGA suitable to be used as bed material for wastewater treatment processes.

Assessment of the Regional Landscape Plan of Sardinia (Italy): A participatory-action-research case study type

by Sabrina Lai

Coauthored with Corrado Zoppi.
Published in Land Use Policy Volume 27, Issue 3, July 2010, pp. 690–705

Tecnologie digitali, rappresentazioni del territorio e ricerca etnoantropologica: le fonti orali e la rappresentazione del territorio

by Fabio Malfatti

Malfatti, F. 2011, Tecnologie digitali, rappresentazioni del territorio e ricerca etnoantropologica. Le fonti orali e la rappresentazione del territorio, in: "Quaderni di Thule," n. X, vol. Atti del XXXII Convegno Internazionale di Americanistica.

Le attività di ricerca previste nel progetto Formazione istituzionale, ricerca e documentazione per lo sviluppo... more Le attività di ricerca previste nel progetto Formazione istituzionale, ricerca e documentazione per lo sviluppo agroforestale sostenibile delle comunità mapuche dell’area di Coñaripe, Cile ci hanno consentito di affinare una metodologia di integrazione tra dati registrati in formato digitale (video, audio, fotografia, dati GPS), l’uso di software per l’analisi qualitativa di dati audiovisivi (Transana) e SIT (GIS), per realizzare una cartografia del territorio che rispettasse il punto di vista delle comunità mapuche coinvolte nel progetto, ma anche quello dei vari attori coinvolti (istituzioni, organizzazioni non governative, ricercatori). Ne è scaturita un’interessante ipotesi metodologica in fase di sperimentazione che integra dati etnografici, etnobotanici, remote sensing e rappresentazioni cartografiche digitali.

Agricultural and Green Infrastructures: The Role of Non-Urbanised Areas for Eco-Sustainable Planning In a Metropolitan Region

by Daniele La Rosa

Co-authored with:
Paolo La Greca, Francesco Martinico, Riccardo privitera
Environmental Pollution, 159, 2011, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2010.11.017

Non Urbanised Areas (NUAs) are part of agricultural and green infrastructures that provide ecosystem services. Their... more Non Urbanised Areas (NUAs) are part of agricultural and green infrastructures that provide ecosystem services. Their role is fundamental for the minimization of urban pollution and adaptation to climate change. Like all natural ecosystems, NUAs are endangered by urban sprawl. The regulation of sprawl is a key issue for land use planning. We propose a land use suitability strategy model to orient Land Uses of NUAs, based on integration of Land Cover (LCA) and Fragmentation Analyses (FA). With LCA the percentage of evapotranspiring surface is defined for each land use. Dimensions and densities of NUAs patches are assessed in FA. The model has been developed with Geographical Information Systems, using an extensive set of geodatabases, including orthophotos, vectorial cartographies and field surveys. The case of the municipality of Mascalucia in Catania metropolitan area (Italy), characterized by a considerable urban sprawl, is presented.

Landscape Planning of Land-use Using High-resolution Satellite Images and Ground-based Data

by Lachezar Filchev

Briefing Paper: Green Infrastructure in practice: Cambridgeshire case study

by Ian Mell

Presented at RTPI NE – Green Infrastructure fit for 2012, Newcastle, UK

The development of a Green Infrastructure (GI) approach to planning in the UK has gained increasing momentum over the... more The development of a Green Infrastructure (GI) approach to planning in the UK has gained increasing momentum over the last five years. Support from central government, Natural England and a large proportion of regional and local authorities have enabled this somewhat vague and disparate planning process to become one of the primary objectives currently associated with landscape planning.

Political support has been coupled with an increase in funding for GI projects and strategies. All of which has enabled planners and landscape managers to propose more expansive programmes of enhancement and investments. Based on a assumption that GI can promote increased access, better connectivity, multi-functionality, a wide range of ecological, economic and social benefits, and long term sustainable management of landscape resources, practitioners have been able to promote a number of diverse objectives using GI as a catalyst for change.

Balancing the value of the environmental resources within an evaluation of urban Green Infrastructure investments in North-West Europe

by Ian Mell

International Association of Landscape Ecology Conference paper and proceedings publication, IALE UK, Wolverhampton, Pg. 113-120.

Abstract

The identification of Green Infrastructure (GI) deficits or development opportunities, the... more Abstract

The identification of Green Infrastructure (GI) deficits or development opportunities, the allocation of funding and the creation of new resources is a drawn out process. Creating consensus between politicians, planners and the public of what is appropriate, and what is necessary, is fraught with disagreements over whether the environment, the economy or society should take centre stage. This paper examines current research assessing the value of GI in urban environments. The VALUE project aims to examine stated preferences of new investment opportunities and discuss whether the ecological, social or economic aspects of a given landscapes are valued most. Results from a case study in Manchester allow this paper to explore how development proposals have attempted to balance the environmental, economic and social benefits of green investment. It suggests that the dialogue between these areas is dependent on location, political will, and crucially in some cases recent environmental or social events.

Key words: Economic evaluation, Green Infrastructure, development priorities, preferences

Green infrastructure: concepts, perceptions and its use in spatial planning

by Ian Mell

Green infrastructure offers a contemporary approach to the conceptualisation and management of landscape resources. It... more Green infrastructure offers a contemporary approach to the conceptualisation and management of landscape resources. It has developed rapidly in the UK, Europe and North America due to the opportunities it provides meeting the ecological, economic and social challenges of spatial planning. The
growth witnessed in green infrastructure has been supported with the development of a number of overarching principles. Principles that provide green infrastructure research with a multi-layered understanding of the changing nature of landscape resources.

This thesis outlines the complex nature of green infrastructure development, its meanings, its perception and use as an approach to landscape planning. By exploring variations in the meaning of green infrastructure this thesis presents an examination of its conceptual development to date. The second
theme explores the role of perceptions on the value and use of green infrastructure resources. This examines the role of ecological, psychological and social constructions of green infrastructure assessing how these affect personal and communal landscape interpretations. The final theme discusses current green infrastructure use in practitioner and planning research outlining the varied nuances of green infrastructure assessing how the principles of green infrastructure have been translated into appropriate landscape management. Each of these themes explores the relationships between green infrastructure principles, its perceptions (by users), and its use in practice (spatial planning) to argue for a better
understanding of its development and subsequent value.

The themes developed in this thesis propose a number of conceptual and implementation principles for green infrastructure. The roles of integrated planning policy, strategic thinking, multi-functionality, connectivity, and access are all discussed highlighting the different forms that green infrastructure research have taken. Based on these discussions this thesis proposes that a green infrastructure approach to planning can be used to meet the complex challenges of current landscape planning. With continued development of green infrastructure some of the most pressing issues in planning; green space planning or sustainable urban development can be targeted. These issues are discussed throughout proposing clear links between this exploratory green infrastructure research and planning practice.

National Parks and Management System in Turkey within long-term Development planning

by Selim BAYRAKTAR

Presented in 48th World Congress  IFLA 2011 in Switzerland as a Oral Presentation.

The Use of GIS in the Landscape Protection Plan in Sicily

by Daniele La Rosa

Co-authored with F. Martinico.
In Proceedings of the 27th Urban Data management Symposiu, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group

Landscape protection is a challenging task for planners, considering the number of conceptual and operational problems... more Landscape protection is a challenging task for planners, considering the number of conceptual and operational problems involved. These include not only the management of a considerable amount of data, indispensable for describing the features of a landscape but also the assessment of its value, risk and vulnerability. In addition, landscape protection has to take into account norms and regulations that are country specific. In Italy, several aspects have to be addressed due to the complexity of the existing legislation. This paper describes a landscape planning experience that has been conducted by using GIS. The proposed case is located in Sicily where landscape protection is a widely debated issue, considering the relevance of cultural and natural heritage. The use of GIS has revealed particularly useful in order to cope with two issues: the understanding of the main threats to landscape, mainly sprawl, and the assessment of landscape value and vulnerability.

The observed landscape: map of visible landscape values in the province of Enna (Italy).

by Daniele La Rosa

La Rosa D. (2011). The observed landscape: map of visible landscape values in the province of Enna (Italy), Journal of Maps, v2011, 291-303. 10.4113/jom.2011.1183.

The value of a landscape is an important issue for landscape protection planning, as different rules or land-use... more The value of a landscape is an important issue for landscape protection planning, as different rules or land-use limitations can be defined according to the intensity of values that are visible from certain positions. Viewshed analysis is often used in landscape evaluation, classifying an area by its degree of visibility. This approach however may be not able to consider the value of landscape features that can be observed, as it is only based on terrain morphology features. A landscape assessment methodology is proposed here, by integrating both viewshed analysis and landscape values assessment. In the first part of the work, a viewshed is calculated from a set of viewpoints of panoramic roads. The landscape value is then assessed, using different available thematic layers that are overlaid with GIS geoprocessing tools. Finally, an index of visible landscape values is calculated, through the overlay of the viewshed and landscape value rasters previously obtained. The study area is the province of Enna in Sicily (Italy), where landscape protection is a relevant issue due to the importance, as well as the number, of cultural and natural elements. The resulting visibility map of landscape values is a useful tool to find appropriate policies for landscape protection and design plans.

Aufbruchsignale: Grand Paris in Berlin

by Denis Bocquet

Article in German, French version at the end of the document.
Introduction to the special issue of the architecture journal Arch+ about Berlin, published in occasion of the exhibition "Grand Paris in Berlin", Berlin, Kulturforum, January-May 2011.

Published in Arch+, 2011, 201-202, p.18-19

As Berlin is moving towards the organization of IBA 2020, the exhibition "Grand Paris in Berlin"... more As Berlin is moving towards the organization of IBA 2020, the exhibition "Grand Paris in Berlin" (Kulturforum, Jan-May 2011) is the occasion to reflect on the stakes of contemporary metropolitan planning processes in Europe. From sprawl to the governance of aging housing complexes in the peripheries, or from the territorial governance of innovation to ways of implementing urban sustainability, Paris and Berlin, in spite of their belonging to different urban typologies, share many questionings. Together in a such dialogue, they might also manage to come back together on the international scene of urban debates.

Key Words: Berlin, Paris, IBA 2020, Grand Paris, Hans Stimmann, Regula Lüscher, Nicolas Sarkozy, Regional governance, planning, architecture, Jean Nouvel, Portzamparc, Finn Geipel, LIN, Secchi, Maas, Yves Lion, Djamel Klouche, Richard Rogers, Studio 09, MRDV, Stadtentwicklung, Planung, metropolitan governance, Ile-de-France, Brandenburg, Bodenschatz.

Metodologie per le sintesi del piano

by Daniele La Rosa

Published in Quaderni Urbanistica 53, Inu, Roma (2009)

Indicatori Per Il Monitoraggio Diacronico Della Componente Verde a Supporto Della Pianificazione Fluviale

by Daniele La Rosa

Co-authored with:
Giancarlo Graci, Paolo Pileri

Una metodología para el uso del paisaje como herramienta de planificación y recurso dinamizador de economías rurales: una aplicación al municipio de Yeste, Albacete (A methodology for the use of landscape as a tool for planning for rural economies: an application to the municipality of Yeste, Albacete)

by Mateo Ambrosio

Co-authored with Vargas-Moreno, J.C. and Del Pozo, C. To be presented at International Conference "Landscapes of everyday life. Crossed perspectives on research and action" (Parallel session A: Participation in the decision-making process) organized by Cemagref and Observatori del Paisatge, 16-18 March 2011, Perpignan (France) and Girona (Spain).

(Paper in Spanish)
This study focuses on considering the landscape as the main criterion for analysis, evaluation... more (Paper in Spanish)
This study focuses on considering the landscape as the main criterion for analysis, evaluation and proposals for the framework of territorial and urban planning, to organize and harmonize changes induced by social, economic and environmental conditions in the territory. It also considers the landscape as a common good of society as a participatory process that includes citizens of the town residents and visitors to the analysis of visual perception of the landscape of the town of Yeste.
The revitalization of local economies has been a key strategy for rural development over the past two decades. Often, one of the main difficulties for people in rural areas has been to change their perception of land assets and identify their potential role as a source of employment and income. Consistent with the idea of 'social construction' of the territory advocated by these programs, we propose the use of landscape as a key argument for local development planning. The landscape is a particular resource, an asset of the emerging rural activities, easily identifiable and assessable by the population.
We used a method where the landscape criteria define a set of attractive models and territorial vulnerability that rule the supply and demand for the different types of land use. These criteria, together with an inventory and an economic analysis are analyzed and evaluated through GIS to determine landscape-territorial strategies for the municipality. An important aspect of the study is to develop a model of participatory visual preference for the determination of protection zones and landscape-territorial management. The visual model has been developed using 60 photographs of the town (some of them digitally altered photo), which were used in a survey that was asked 50 tourists and 150 residents dictate the visual preference system categories using each of the photographs. This categorization and identification of visual preference, allowed us to generate a visual model. Using geographic information Systems, maps were generated with the visual preference in the landscape that were incorporated into the landscaping attractive models. The methodology has proven to be very useful, because it allows linking planning criteria that traditionally did not have geographical connotations and landscape. With these criteria and the geographical landscape we gave recommendations for the protection, management and planning of the landscape to be incorporated into spatial planning policies and urban planning of the municipality and the region, as well as other sectoral policies that may have a direct or indirect impact on the landscape.
Keywords: landscape planning, sustainability, participatory planning, visual preference model