Intelligence

Of India’s intelligence and un-intelligent men

by Bibhu Prasad Routray

Published in New Indian Express (21 May 2012) and Sunday Standard (21 May 2012)

To quote George Santayana, the American philosopher and novelist who carried a Spanish passport, “Intelligence is... more To quote George Santayana, the American philosopher and novelist who carried a Spanish passport, “Intelligence is quickness in seeing things as they are.” Lessons for India from the recent episode are, thus, simple. RAW needs to find strength, even when Indo-Pak relations are supposedly looking up.

A History of Psychology, Intelligence, and Intellectual Disability Revisited

by Christian Ydesen

Review of
A History of Intelligence and ”Intellectual Disability” – The Shaping of Psychology in Early Modern Europa

By C.F. Goodey. Farnham:Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2011. 392 pp.,  ISBN: 978-1-4094-2021-7 (hardcover). Price: £35.00.

Computational Intelligence: What Allah's Creations Can Teach Us

by Amar Faiz Zainal Abidin

Azrien Awang, Amar Faiz Zainal Abidin, Amira Sarayati Ahmad Dahlan (2012) Computational Intelligence: What Allah's Creations Can Teach Us. In Seminar Kebangsaan Fiqh Sains Dan Teknologi.

Do you know that a flock of birds can solve scheduling problem in manufacturing companies? Do you know that a colony... more Do you know that a flock of birds can solve scheduling problem in manufacturing companies? Do you know that a colony of ants can find the shortest distance for the school bus to travel when picking and sending the students to and fro the school? Do you know that a school of fish can design an electronic circuit? Do you know that the paddy in the field can solve mathematical problems? The statements might be exaggerated, but as far fetching as they heard; the scientists, academicians, mathematicians, programmers, engineers and researchers are looking answers for complex and difficult problems by observing the Allah’s creations. In this paper, our main objective is to introduce the area of Computational Intelligence from Islam perspective. Theory of Computational Intelligence will be explained in layman terms without having the reader to understand the technical jargons behind it. The paper explains how the researchers observed and turned the observations of the creations of Allah in nature into computer algorithms. Examples of applications of Computational Intelligence are then touched before going into success story of the commercial products. By the end of the paper, the writer hope that the readers of this paper not only realize the new area of research in computer science stream but also increase their faith to Allah S.W.T.

"Dismantling Intelligence Agencies."

by Alex Joffe

Journeys across mindscapes

by Sardar Anwaruddin

Il text mining nelle applicazioni per la sicurezza

by Giovanni Nacci

pubblicato su “Analisi Difesa”, Mensile di politica e analisi militare, n° 33 (aprile 2003)

L'osservazione di alcuni recenti eventi criminosi (riconducibili al fenomeno del terrorismo ocomunque della... more L'osservazione di alcuni recenti eventi criminosi (riconducibili al fenomeno del terrorismo ocomunque della criminalità) evidenziano una "escalation tecnologica" nella ideazione,  progettazione e attuazione dell'azione criminale: l' uso che in alcune occasioni é stato fatto deiconvenzionali servizi di Internet (web, email, newsgroup, forum, chat, ecc.) suggerisce una profonda trasformazione di modelli organizzativi ed operativi all'interno dei gruppi criminali.

Positivism, Postpositivism and Intelligence Analysis

by Mary Manjikian

Decision Making and the Intelligence Analyst

by Dean Call

Discussion papaer posted to forum

Strategic Value of African Tribal Art: Auction Sales Trends as Cultural Intelligence

by Erik Nemeth

view abstract at: view abstract at: http://culturalsecurity.net/cs/research.htm#strategicvalueofafricantribalart

The New Domino Theory: We're Wrong About an Iranian Nuclear Arms Race

by Zachary Keck

The Atlantic (republished from The National Interest)

Many in the U.S. warn that an Iranian bomb will compel its neighbors to go nuclear as well, but much like the Cold War... more Many in the U.S. warn that an Iranian bomb will compel its neighbors to go nuclear as well, but much like the Cold War "Domino Theory" about the spread of communism, they're wrong.

The Haganah and SOE: Allies and Enemies - Irregular Warfare & Politics in Mandatory Palestine - Given at SMH 2012

by Jacob Stoil

The Genetics of Creativity A Serendipitous Assemblage of Madness

by Andrea Kuszewski

SIX DEGREES OF SEPARATION: A Proposed Method of Perception and Analysis of the Interpersonal Networks Underlying the Crusaders’ Command and Social Groups

by Dana Cushing

This is the first portion of the Introduction to my First Crusade book. The complete chapter may be copied for research use from my book, available at over 300 libraries worldwide. The copyright is held by EMP - please contact the publisher for permissions.

****PLEASE NOTE: The author wrote this paper before computerized "link diagrams" came into common use among... more ****PLEASE NOTE: The author wrote this paper before computerized "link diagrams" came into common use among medievalists****

The First Crusade was an undertaking which drew its participants beyond the typical feudal and familial structures governing medieval Europe. Although the Crusaders took much of their traditional concepts of society with them, the geographical distance and unique circumstances separating them from their homelands created the opportunity for and indeed necessitated an adaptation of these traditional models for facilitating and cementing interpersonal relationships – a circle of acquaintances of greater or lesser degrees of influence, which circle has been described as a mouvance.

The mouvance is first applied to Crusader history in John France’s Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade and France’s recent survey text, Western Warfare in the Age of the Crusades, 1000 - 1300; I propose that it is helpful to use another concept, degrees of separation, to assist in the analysis and amplify our understanding of the mouvance.

Neuroticism Combined With Slower and More Variable Reaction Time: Synergistic Risk Factors for 7-Year Cognitive Decline in Females

by Gareth Hagger-Johnson

Pathways from childhood intelligence and socio-economic status to late-life cardiovascular disease risk

by Gareth Hagger-Johnson

In press at Health Psychology, co-authored with René MÕTTUS, Leone C.A. CRAIG, John M. STARR, Ian J. DEARY.

Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase marker of systemic inflammation and considered an established... more Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase marker of systemic inflammation and considered an established risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in old age. Previous studies have suggested that low childhood intelligence, lower socio-economic status (SES) in childhood or in later life, unhealthy behaviors, poor wellbeing and high Body Mass Index (BMI) are associated with inflammation. Life course models that simultaneously incorporate all these risk factors can explain how CVD risks accumulate over time, from childhood to old age. Methods: Using the data from 1,091 Scottish adults (Lothian Birth Cohort Study 1936), a path model was constructed to predict CRP at age 70  from concurrent health behaviors, self-perceived quality of life and BMI and adulthood SES as mediating variables, and from parental SES and childhood intelligence as distal risk factors. Results: A well-fitting path model (CFI = .92, SRMR = .05) demonstrated significant indirect effects from childhood intelligence and parental social class to inflammation via BMI, health behaviors and quality of life (all ps < .05). Low childhood intelligence, unhealthy behaviors, and higher BMI were also direct predictors of CRP. Conclusions: The life course model illustrated how CVD risks may accumulate over time, beginning in childhood and being both direct and transmitted indirectly via low adult SES, unhealthy behaviors, impaired quality of life and high BMI. Knowledge on the childhood risk factors and their pathways to poor health can be used to identify high risk individuals for more intensive and tailored behavior change interventions, and to develop effective public health policies.

Intelligence in youth and all-cause-mortality: systematic review with meta-analysis

by Candida Fenton

International Journal of Epidemiology 2010;1–19
Catherine M Calvin,1 Ian J Deary,1* Candida Fenton,2 Beverly A Roberts,1 Geoff Der,2 Nicola Leckenby1 and G David Batty1,2,3

1 Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,
2 Medical Research Council Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, Glasgow, UK and
3 Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
*Corresponding author. Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK. E-mail: ian.deary@ed.ac.uk

Background A number of prospective cohort studies have examined the association between intelligence in childhood or... more Background A number of prospective cohort studies have examined the association between intelligence in childhood or youth and life expectancy in adulthood; however, the effect size of this association is yet to be quantified and previous reviews require updating.

Methods The systematic review included an electronic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE and PSYCHINFO databases. This yielded 16 unrelated studies that met inclusion criteria, comprising 22 453 deaths among 1 107 022 participants. Heterogeneity was assessed, and fixed effects models were applied to the aggregate data. Publication bias was evaluated, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results A 1-standard deviation (SD) advantage in cognitive test scores was associated with a 24% (95% confidence interval 23–25) lower risk of death, during a 17- to 69-year follow-up. There was little evidence of publication bias (Egger’s intercept = 0.10, P = 0.81), and the intelligence–mortality association was similar for men and women. Adjustment for childhood socio-economic status (SES) in the nine studies containing these data had almost no impact on this relationship, suggesting that this is not a confounder of the intelligence–mortality association. Controlling for adult SES in five studies and for education in six studies attenuated the intelligence–mortality hazard ratios by 34 and 54%, respectively.

Conclusions Future investigations should address the extent to which attenuation of the intelligence–mortality link by adult SES indicators is due to mediation, over-adjustment and/or confounding. The explanation(s) for association between higher early-life intelligence and lower risk of adult mortality require further elucidation.

Intelligence: An Analysis of the American Experience from the Perspective of Critical Theory

by Halil Eksi

Bahar ERİŞ
Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice
8 (1) • January 2008 • 79-87

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the topic of “highly intelligent”
children in Turkey... more In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the topic of “highly intelligent”
children in Turkey (Baltafl, 2006; Bozda¤, 2001; Bümen, 2002; Demirel, Erdem&
Baflbay, 2006; Goleman, 2007; Koçer, 2005; Kulaks›zo¤lu, Bilgili & fiirin,
2004; Onay, 2006; Saban, 2005; Yavuz, 2001; Zohar & Marshall, 2004). However, the
general understanding of “intelligence” seems to be the psychometric definition
consisting of the logical, mathematical, and verbal intelligences supposedly measured
by IQ tests. In the US, currently IQ score is the main determining factor in access
to gifted programs (Ascher, 1992; Borland, 2003; Sapon-Shevin, 1994). A similar
situation is observed in Turkey though such schools are not as widespread. The purpose
of this paper is to examine the emergence of the psychometric definition in the
West, look at its analysis through a Foucauldian lens (Borland, 2003) in order to increase
awareness about what IQ really means, make suggestions for Turkey about
the use of the tests and underline possible alternative approaches.

Spooks for Hire: Privatised Intelligence Services and Policy Formulation

by Conway Waddington

Presented at the International Studies Association annual convention in Montreal, 2011.

Prefrontal cortex and IQ in ageing and Alzheimer's disease

by Steven Chance

published in Brain Structure and Function

Prefrontal cortex cytoarchitecture in normal aging
and Alzheimer’s disease: a relationship with IQ.

We... more Prefrontal cortex cytoarchitecture in normal aging
and Alzheimer’s disease: a relationship with IQ.

We have previously shown that the minicolumnar spacing of neurons in the cerebral cortex relates to cognitive ability, and that minicolumn thinning occurs in old age. The present study examines further the relationship between cognitive ability and cortical fine structure (minicolumn organization and neuropathology) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Premortem neuropsychological scores were related to postmortem microanatomy in 58 adults (20 normal controls, 18 MCI, and 20 confirmed AD patients). We found a correspondence between minicolumn thinning in the dlPFC and IQ decline in dementia. In mild impairment, IQ remained stable, as did dlPFC minicolumn width and dlPFC plaque load. IQ only declined as dlPFC minicolumn thinning occurred and dlPFC plaque load increased in more severe dementia. By contrast, plaque load increased and minicolumns became steadily thinner in the PHG, where minicolumn width correlated with declining mini-mental state examination score across both MCI and severe dementia. By including a further 14 younger control subjects, we found that in normal healthy aging, minicolumn width decreased in the dlPFC, whereas PHG minicolumn width did not change. AD patients in our dataset with higher IQ were older at time of death and had less pathology, which supports a neural basis for the cognitive reserve hypothesis.

Psychological Aspects of Systems Intelligence: Conceptualisations of a New Intelligence Form

by John Rauthmann