Independence

Internacionalismo y revolución: Las intervenciones del ICAIC en la historia de las independencias

by Santiago Juan-Navarro

Published in 1808-1810. Cine y guerras de independencia. Ed. Jorge Nieto Ferrando. Sociedad Estatal de Conmemoraciones Culturales, 2011. 

http://www.abadaeditores.com/libro.php?l=296

El impacto en Chile de los procesos decimonónicos de emancipación y defensa de la soberanía nacional en las Antillas mayores

by Ricardo Lopez Muñoz

El presente informe tiene ya 17 años de haber sido redactado. Fue producto del Proyecto Nº. 1940113 del Fondo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Fondecyt) de 1994, que tuve la suerte de adjudicarme. Los Fondecyt son convocados anualmente por la Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica de Chile.
Con todos sus defectos, me parece que este Informe aún aporta conocimientos a quien lo lea.

Sudan's Separation: An Uneven Path Ahead for Two Unstable Countries

by Irene Panozzo

International Spectator, Italian Journal of International Affairs, 46:2, 2011.

Will South Sudan make it?

by Irene Panozzo

ISPI Analysis, n. 36 - December 2010

Chi-square test of Independence-Excel Template

by Gianmarco Alberti

The template can handle data organized in a contingency table, with up to 60 rows and 20 columns. Fisher's exact p is... more The template can handle data organized in a contingency table, with up to 60 rows and 20 columns. Fisher's exact p is provided for 2x2 tables.

The template also provides the smallest fnumber expected value, and the % of expected values that are < 5. The figures should guide the user in the evaluation of the reliability of chi-square test (and, in case of 2x2 table, should inform the user wheter or not use Fisher's p vs Chi-square p).

A verbal explanation of the test's results is also provided.

It provides tables with expected values, chi-square values, and tables of standardized residuals and adjusted standardized residuals, where values having major contribution in the rejection of null hypothesis are highlighted.

I conceived it in order to also provide some association coefficients:
Pearson's Phi
Cramer's V
Yule's Q
Goodman-Kendal's tau

One sheet provides some quick web references for the various topic related to the tests and coefficients provided.

Video tutorial at this address:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6Zg38Nj9aM

Independent living in later life

by Jane Parry

Jane Parry, Sandra Vegeris, Maria Hudson, Helen Barnes and
Rebecca Taylor (2004) 'Independent Living in Later Life', Research Report no. 216, Department for Work & Pensions: HMSO.

This report brings together findings from qualitative research undertaken by the Policy Studies Institute (PSI) during... more This report brings together findings from qualitative research undertaken by the Policy Studies Institute (PSI) during 2003/04 on behalf of the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). This
explored factors influencing perceptions and experiences of independent living in later life and analysed pensioners’ service needs and accessing behaviour, in turn considering the relationship between independence and service use. These issues are timely given the projected rise in the proportion of the UK’s population which is over State Pension age in the near future. The research was also designed to provide refinement of the DWP’s Customer Segmentation Model for Today’s Pensioners, a tool depicting a sliding scale of support needs, differentiating pensioners into seven subsegments on the basis of key demographic criteria.

Mary Wollstonecraft, Freedom and the Enduring Power of Social Domination

by alan coffee

European Journal of Political Theory (2012)
[Published online before print January 25, 2012, doi: 10.1177/1474885111430617]

Even long after their formal exclusion has come to an end, members of previously oppressed social groups often... more Even long after their formal exclusion has come to an end, members of previously oppressed social groups often continue to face disproportionate restrictions on their freedom, as the experience of many women over the last century has shown. Working within a republican framework which understands freedom as independence from arbitrary power, Wollstonecraft provides an explanation of why such domination may persist and offers a model through which it can be addressed. Republicans rely on processes of rational public deliberation to highlight and combat oppression. However, where domination is primarily social rather than legal or political (such as where cultural attitudes, traditions and values exert an arbitrary and inhibiting force) then this defence against domination is often negated. Prejudice, she argues, ‘clouds’ people’s ability to reason and skews debate in favour of the dominant powers, thereby entrenching patterns of subjection. If they are to be independent, then, citizens require not only political rights but a platform from which to add their perspectives and interests to the background social values which govern political discussion.

Unexpected Opposition: Independence and the 1809 Leva de Vagos in the Province of Caracas

by Olga Gonzalez-Silen

The Americas 68:3 (January 2012), 347-375

First paragraph:

In late 1809 and early 1810, the city of Caracas witnessed an extraordinary spectacle as... more First paragraph:

In late 1809 and early 1810, the city of Caracas witnessed an extraordinary spectacle as over 350 men were marched into its prisons. Local provincial authorities had apprehended these men as part of a leva de vagos, a campaign to coercively recruit vagrants into the army. Such recruitment campaigns were neither novel nor particularly controversial in the late Bourbon period. However, Napoleon’s invasion of Spain in 1808 had unhinged the Spanish world, inspiring a profound re-examination of values and traditions. In this context, this new leva generated an unexpected opposition that stunned the new captain general of Venezuela, field marshal Vicente Emparan y Orbe. The opposition, which was led by the Caracas audiencia—the province’s highest court—ostensibly questioned the legality of the procedures being used to validate charges of vagrancy, but beneath the surface, the resistance reflected a broad-based coalition dedicated to the defense of a status quo that was unraveling under the twin forces of Napoleon and the Junta Central.

Note: To access The Americas online requires a paid subscription. Please contact me for a copy if you do not access to this database.

Las Guerras de Independencia en las cinematografías de Cuba y España: Una visión transatlántica

by Santiago Juan-Navarro

Published in Solaluna Académica (Arizona State University) 1 (2010)

La Guerra hispano-cubano-americana tuvo una gran importancia desde el punto de vista político para las tres naciones... more La Guerra hispano-cubano-americana tuvo una gran importancia desde el punto de vista político para las tres naciones beligerantes. Para España representa el fin de su imperio y el comienzo de un debate sobre su identidad. Para Cuba significó el fin de una etapa colonial y el comienzo de otra, bajo el control de la nueva potencia hegemónica. Para los EE.UU. sirvió como ensayo de su política expansionista, que tuvo sus momentos más agresivos a partir del 98.

Tanto el cine español como el cubano han tratado este acontecimiento histórico desde posturas nacionalistas, a menudo tendenciosas, y casi siempre de forma muy superficial. En la ponencia se explora el poder legitimador de las imágenes cinematográficas de este acontecimiento en distintas etapas de la historia política de Cuba y España, así como su papel en la construcción de una teleología de la nación.

En el caso español la Guerra de Cuba ha dado lugar a visiones diametralmente opuestas del conflicto. Si durante la dictadura franquista el 98 representaba la traición de la clase política al estamento militar, una afrenta que algunos creyeron ver “reparada” con el alzamiento militar de 1936, a finales del milenio han dominado las versiones revisionistas que, aunque critican el ya agonizante colonialismo español, denuncian a su vez las primeras manifestaciones del imperialismo norteamericano, dentro de un esquema transnacional de coproducciones en las que prima el capital económico e ideológico de la antigua metrópoli.

Por lo que se refiere al cine cubano, las guerras de independencia del siglo XIX tuvieron una importancia crucial en la creación de una hermenéutica oficial de la historia de Cuba. Si las luchas por la emancipación de la antigua colonia española son el trasfondo de algunas de las primeras producciones cubanas, tales luchas adquieren un papel central durante las celebraciones del primer centenario de la insurrección en 1968. Esto habría de dar lugar a numerosos filmes históricos que interpretan el pasado desde la perspectiva de la Cuba socialista y en los que se recurre a las Guerras de Independencia para consolidar el imaginario mítico de la Revolución.

HOW WAS RACE CONSTRUCTED IN THE NEW SOUTH?

by Marek Steedman

This article focuses on the construction and reconfiguration of race in the U.S. South during the late nineteenth and... more This article focuses on the construction and reconfiguration of race in the U.S. South during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Much literature on race is designed to show that race is socially constructed, with the inference that race is merely a social construction. Thus, talk about race, which is not demonstrably grounded in human biology, must be akin to talk about unicorns. But so what? Does race being a social construction make any difference to the historical accounts we give of how racial practices work? This article suggests that it can if we focus on the process of construction itself, in a particular time and place, and ask how race was socially constructed. I trace how race was made, unmade, and remade in the years between 1865 and 1920. During the postemancipation era, Southern White elites constructed race as and through naturalized relations of dependence and independence. This construction was held in place and then undermined by the prevailing social order. I offer an account of the sharp increase in racist practices at the turn of the century, focused on the notion of mobility. I show how, in the decades since the war, mobility undermined race as it had been socially constructed.

Physical Disability and Independence

by John Keegan

La insurgencia en el sur de la Nueva España, 1810-1814:¿ insurrección del clero?

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

Las raíces de la insurgencia en el sur de la Nueva España: La estructura socioeconómica del centro y costas del actual estado de Guerrero durante el …

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

“La lucha por la supervivencia: El impacto de la insurgencia en el Nuevo Santander, 1810-1821”, en Ana Carolina Ibarra (coordinadora) La independencia en el septentrión de la Nueva España. Provincias Internas e intendencias norteñas, México, UNAM/Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, 2010, pp. 35-78. ISBN 978-607-02-1586-5.

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

Con Catherine Andrews

“Cuando los mulatos quisieron mandar. Insurgencia y guerra de castas en el puerto de Acapulco, 1809-1811”, en Tomás Bustamante Álvarez y José Gilberto Garza Grimaldo (coordinadores) Los sentimientos de la nación. Entre la espada espiritual y militar, la formación del estado de Guerrero, México, Instituto de Estudios Parlamentarios Eduardo Neri, 2001, pp. 141-173. ISBN 968-7772-36-0

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

“Crisis de subsistencia e insurgencia popular en la Nueva España: entre la infidencia y la lealtad”, en Alicia Mayer (coordinadora), México en tres momentos: 1810-1910-2010. Hacia la conmemoración del bicentenario de la Independencia y del centenario de la Revolución Mexicana. Retos y perspectivas, prólogo de Juan Ramón de la Fuente, México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/IIH, 2007, tomo 1, pp. 61-74, ISBN 978-970-32-4458-4.

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

“Los grupos populares y la insurgencia. Una aproximación a la historiografía social”, en Alfredo Ávila y Virginia Guedea (coordinadores), La Independencia de México. Temas e interpretaciones recientes, México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/IIH, 2007, pp. 65-84. ISBN 978-970-32-4997-8 (Segunda reimpresión 2010)

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

“El legado de la guerra, la independencia y la política fiscal en México, 1821-1822”, en Jaime Olveda (coordinador) Independencia y Revolución. Reflexiones en torno al bicentenario y centenario, vol. 3, México, El Colegio de Jalisco, 2010, pp. 143-178. ISBN 978-607-7770-20-6.

by Jesús Hernández Jaimes

America's Freedom: Virtual Power Plants

by sherry carr

This paper details and examines the advantages of Virtual Power Plants and the need for renewable energy... more This paper details and examines the advantages of Virtual Power Plants and the need for renewable energy sources.  VPP's are collective generators of renewable energy sources that can store and adjust energy output on demand and at will.  VPP’s can be employed to co-generate with current grids or operate soley to produce reliable, efficient, cost-effective energy while reducing costs and global warming. 

My hypothesis suggests that VPP’s can create substantial and sustainable energy from renewables, as it helps to reverse the destruction of our planet and ourselves.  We can create and sustain a cleaner, safer, more efficient world by implementing and advancing VPP’s to meet, and possibly exceed our energy needs.

Exit Law, Enter Politics: The Foundations and the Legacy of the Contested Independence of Kosovo

by Simone Florio

The way Kosovo is achieving independence has been welcomed with antithetical opinions in the international community,... more The way Kosovo is achieving independence has been welcomed with antithetical opinions in the international community, especially with respect to international law. This paper attempts to shed light on the legal trajectory which brought Kosovo on the way to statehood. After determining that Kosovo has not, prima facie, any positive right to independence, its de facto statehood is contrasted with a few doctrines that could contribute to support it, namely self-determination, remedial secession theory, and international dispositive powers. The analysis finds that Kosovo independence might be legally justifiable under a collective recognition theory, possibly supported with
remedial arguments. Having further enquired over the effectiveness and the legitimacy of its independent status (statehood criteria), this article contends that such turn of
developments in Kosovo is better explained through more genuine political reasoning. The validity of independence as a solution is not debated in itself, but on the basis of the whole process the negative effects of reaching such outcome by the way of a onesided decision are discussed.