Hybridization

Hybridisation between dingoes and domestic dogs: a comment on Jones (2009)

by Al Glen

Glen, AS (2010). Australian Mammalogy 32: 76-77.

The recent review by Jones (2009) presents a strong argument that Victoria’s wild dog population cannot reliably be... more The recent review by Jones (2009) presents a strong argument that Victoria’s wild dog population cannot reliably be categorised into dingoes (Canis lupus dingo), feral dogs (C. l. familiaris) and hybrids. This presents a problem in the light of the dingo’s recent listing as a threatened species in that state. Wildlife managers must come to grips with questions regarding the relative conservation value of ‘dingoes’ with varying degrees of domestic dog ancestry. This will require improved knowledge of the ecological function of wild dogs, as well as extensive research into public attitudes towards the animals.

An Analysis of Sub-swarms in Multi-swarm Systems

by Antonio Bolufé

Neubauer G., Zagalska-Neubauer M. M., Pons J.-M., Crochet P.-A., Chylarecki P., Przystalski A., Gay L. 2009. Assortative mating without complete reproductive isolation in a zone of recent secondary contact between Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Caspian Gulls (L. cachinnans). Auk 126:409-419.

by Magdalena Zagalska-Neubauer

Ecology of the Australian dingo: a carnivore with an identity crisis

by Al Glen

Glen, AS (2011). Journal of Science Education 12: 59-62.

The dingo (Canis lupus dingo) is a wolf-like canid introduced to Australia between  3500 and 5000 years ago. In... more The dingo (Canis lupus dingo) is a wolf-like canid introduced to Australia between  3500 and 5000 years ago. In the last two centuries, hybridisation with feral and  domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) has been extensive. Collectively, dingoes, feral  dogs and their hybrids are referred to as wild dogs, and occur throughout Australia.  Diet is highly variable, but is often dominated by mammals such as kangaroos and  rabbits, supplemented by birds, reptiles and invertebrates. Dingoes are also significant  predators of livestock. Dingoes live in packs, which defend a territory and hunt  cooperatively to kill large prey. Breeding is restricted to the dominant pair within each  pack. Home ranges vary in size from tens to hundreds of square kilometres. Mounting  evidence suggests that dingoes perform a vital ecological role as keystone predators,  suppressing smaller invasive predators, limiting the abundance of large herbivores,  and thereby protecting populations of small native animals. Researchers and managers  must develop solutions to control the impacts of dingoes and other wild dogs on  livestock while preserving stable packs of dingoes and the vital ecosystem services they  provide.

The iron cage re-revisited: Institutional isomorphism in non-profit organisations in South Africa

by Frederik Claeyé

co-authored with Terence Jackson

accepted for publication in Journal of International Development, 12(5)

Non-profit organisations (NPOs) are being pushed to become ‘more business-like’, reflecting global discourse on ‘aid... more Non-profit organisations (NPOs) are being pushed to become ‘more business-like’, reflecting global discourse on ‘aid effectiveness’ underpinned by managerialist modes of thinking that may be inappropriate to local contexts. We examine the nature of the tendency towards institutional isomorphism empirically investigating this with fourteen NPOs in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, using a conceptual framework derived from Institutional Theory. This suggests that institutional isomorphism is shaping management in NPOs. However, this theory seems inadequate in explaining resistance to these forces. We go on to explain the limitations of using a purely institutionalist lens and suggest how the integration of Postcolonial Theory may benefit further research.

Gay L., Neubauer G., Zagalska-Neubauer M., Pons J.-M., David P. & Crochet P.-A. 2007. Molecular and morphological patterns of introgression between two white-headed gull species in a zone of recent secondary contact. Molecular Ecology 16:3215-3227.

by Magdalena Zagalska-Neubauer

Gay L., Neubauer G., Zagalska-Neubauer M., Pons J.-M., Bell D. A., Crochet P.-A. 2009. Speciation with gene flow in the large white-headed gulls: does selection counterbalance introgression? Heredity 102:133-146.

by Magdalena Zagalska-Neubauer

Neubauer G., Zagalska-Neubauer M., Gwiazda R., Faber M., Bukaciński D., Betleja J., Chylarecki P. 2006. Breeding large gulls in Poland: distribution, numbers, trends and hybridisation. Vogelwelt 127:11-22.

by Magdalena Zagalska-Neubauer

Identification and characterization of the contact zone between short-tailed shrews (Blarina) in Iowa and Missouri

by Cody Thompson

“Algunos apuntes acerca de la cuestión de la ‘hibridez’ y de la ‘dignidad’ de las lenguas iberorrománicas”

by Johannes Kabatek

in: Yolanda Congosto Martín / Elena Méndez García de Paredes (eds.), Variación lingüística y contacto de lenguas en el mundo hispánico. In memoriam Manuel Alvar, Madrid: Iberoamericana 2011, 271-289.

Hybrid organisations: no cause for concern?

by Taco Brandsen

International Journal of Public Administration, 34:13, 827-836

Hybrid organizations that mix the characteristics of state, market and civil society and have become increasingly... more Hybrid organizations that mix the characteristics of state, market and civil society and have become increasingly numerous as a result of recent public management reforms. Critics have suggested that such organizations pose severe risks to states and societies, both financially and culturally. However, despite some highly publicized incidents, no systematic evidence has been collected to support these claims. On the basis of the findings of a large cross-sector research programme in The Netherlands, the article concludes that the critics’ fears have not yet materialized. Conditions such as the presence of active regulators and a high degree of professionalism prevent the risks of hybridity from becoming real threats. Claims about the dangers of hybrid organizations appear to derive less from empirical evidence than from theoretical shortcomings and normative ideas about the provision of public services.

Opportunity for hybridization between two oak species in mixed stands as monitored by the timing and intensity of pollen production

by Paulo de Oliveira

Varela et al. Forest Ecol. Manage. 256: 1546-1551 (2008)

The opportunity of cross-pollination in mixed stands of two oak species (cork oak and holm oak) was studied by... more The opportunity of cross-pollination in mixed stands of two oak species (cork oak and holm oak) was studied by characterizing individual phenologies of flowering. In the spring of 1998 at one stand consisting of 64 marked trees, there was a period of 19 days when maximal pollen release in one species and stigma receptivity in the other occurred simultaneously, enabling interspecific gene flow in either direction. This happened in spite of an average time separation of 22 days between the two species, reflecting a considerable intraspecific variation in the timings of flowering. Flowering intensities (as estimated from male flower abundance) were high, but fruiting intensities were comparatively low. Shortly after pollination, considerable abortion of female flowers and early fruits was recorded. In 2000, the interspecific overlap of phenologies was drastically reduced due to a delay in cork oak flowering. On the other hand, the individual timings were repeatable for most trees, at least in holm oak. Two other mixed stands were subject of parallel studies, with similar results in all traits except for a less dramatic reduction in fruiting intensities. In spite of the high opportunity for cross-pollination in 1998, and given the lack of hybrids among the progenies from the subsequent fruiting season (Oliveira et al., 2003. For. Gen. 10: 283), it can be concluded that the prerequisite of cross-pollination is clearly insufficient for hybridization to succeed. Post-pollination processes must play an important role in the maintenance of reproductive isolation between the two species.

Minoanisation, Acculturation, Hybridisation: the evidence of the Minoan presence in the NE Aegean between Middle and Late Bronze Age

by Luca Girella

paper with PETER PAVÚK, in Nostoi. Indigenous Culture, Migration and Integration in the Aegean Islands and Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age. Istanbul 31 March – 3 April 2011.

The identification of Minoan presence in the Eastern Aegean increased in the recent years thanks to accumulation of... more The identification of Minoan presence in the Eastern Aegean increased in the recent years thanks to accumulation of fresh bits of archaeological information. The evidence encouraged scholars to formulate several interpretive models encompassing different frameworks often unified under the recently label of ‘Minoanisation’. More recently, it has been suggested to investigate this phenomenon in a ‘more multivariate terms’ (Broodbank 2004), as well as to evaluate the possibility that intraregional contacts would have fostered the assimilation of Minoan cultural traits with the result of building a ‘more globalized setting’ defined as ‘new environment’ (Davis – Gorogianni 2008). The paper will discuss the evidence from the NE Aegean (with special regards to the islands and Troy), less rich in Minoan cultural traits compared to the southern Aegean but still very stimulating. Particular attention will be paid to Mikro Vouni (Samothrace) thanks to an ongoing program focused on publishing the ceramic material. The evidence collected will allow us to explore the different degrees of cultural contacts with Minoan world and to investigate the validity of other interpretative models, such as the acculturation and hybridisation.

Introducing Universal Symbiogenesis

by Nathalie Gontier

In: O. Pombo et al. (eds.), Special Sciences and the Unity of Science. Series: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 24. Dordrecht Springer.
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2030-5 6,

2012 Stockhammer, P. W. (ed.), Conceptualizing Cultural Hybridization: A Transdisciplinary Approach. Papers of the Conference, Heidelberg, 21st–22nd September 2009. Transcultural Research. Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context. Springer (Berlin & Heidelberg).

by Philipp Wolfgang Stockhammer

Within the context of globalization, cultural transformations are increasingly analyzed as hybridization processes.... more Within the context of globalization, cultural transformations are increasingly analyzed as hybridization processes. Hybridity itself, however, is often treated as a specifically post-colonial phenomenon. The contributors in this volume assume the historicity of transcultural flows and entanglements; they consider the resulting transformative powers to be a basic feature of cultural change. By juxtaposing different notions of hybridization and specific methodologies, as they appear in the various disciplines, this volume's design is transdisciplinary. Each author presents a disciplinary concept of hybridization and shows how it operates in specific case studies. The aim is to generate a transdiciplinary perception of hybridity that paves the way for a wider application of this crucial concept.

A study of genetic differentiation and hybridization among oak species with divergent ecological and evolutionary profiles

by Charalambos Neophytou

Morphological differentiation and hybridization between Quercus alnifolia Poech and Quercus coccifera L.(Fagaceae) in Cyprus

by Charalambos Neophytou

Interfertile oaks in an island environment. II. Limited hybridization between Quercus alnifolia Poech and Q. coccifera L. in a mixed stand

by Charalambos Neophytou

Interfertile oaks in an island environment: I. High nuclear genetic differentiation and high degree of chloroplast DNA sharing between Q. alnifolia and Q. coccifera in …

by Charalambos Neophytou

Intimately linked or hardly speaking? The relationship between genotype and environmental gradients In a Louisiana Iris hybrid population

by Renate Wesselingh

Johnston, J.A., R.A. Wesselingh, A.C. Bouck, L.A. Donovan & M.L. Arnold, 2001
Molecular Ecology 10(3): 673–681

Several models of hybrid zone evolution predict the same spatial patterns of genotypic distribution whether or not... more Several models of hybrid zone evolution predict the same spatial patterns of genotypic distribution whether or not structuring is due to environment-dependent or -independent selection. In this study, we tested for evidence of environment-dependent selection in an Iris fulva¥Iris brevicaulis hybrid population by examining the distribution of genotypes in relation to environmental gradients. We selected 201 Louisiana Iris plants from within a known hybrid population (80 m ¥ 80 m) and placed them in four different genotypic classes (I. fulva, I. fulva-like hybrid, I. brevicaulis-like hybrid and I. brevicaulis) based on seven species-specific random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and two chloroplast DNA haplotypes. Environmental variables were then measured. These variables included percentage cover by tree canopy, elevation from the high water mark, soil pH and percentage soil organic matter. Each variable was sampled for all 201 plants. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was used to infer the environmental factors most strongly associated with the different genotypic groups. Slight differences in elevation (-0.5 m to +0.4 m) were important for distinguishing habitat distributions described by CDA, even though there were no statistical differences between mean elevations alone. I. brevicaulis occurred in a broad range of habitats, while I. fulva had a narrower distribution. Of all the possible combinations, I. fulva-like hybrids and I. brevicaulis-like hybrids occurred in the most distinct habitat types relative to one another. Each hybrid class was not significantly different from its closest parent with regard to habitat occupied, but was statistically unique from its more distant parental species. Within the hybrid genotypes, most, but not all, RAPD loci were individually correlated with environmental variables. This study suggests that, at a very fine spatial scale, environment-dependent selection contributed to the genetic structuring of this hybrid zone.