Ethic Codes

Comparing Ethics Codes and Conventions: Anthropological, Sociological and Psychological Approaches

by Rena Lederman

A framework for examining codes of conduct on research integrity

by Marta Shaw

Co-authored with Melissa S. Anderson (1st author)

A practical guide to developing a code of conduct on research integrity based on an analysis of existing academic... more A practical guide to developing a code of conduct on research integrity based on an analysis of existing academic codes.

Media Literacy Education in Turkey: An Evaluation of Media Processes and Ethical Codes

by Halil Eksi

Cevat ELMA, Alper KESTEN, Abdullah N. DİCLE, Elif MERCAN UZUN
Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice
10 (3) • Summer 2010 • 1439-1458

The purpose of this study is to evaluate school principals’, teachers’, parents’, and students’ opinions, arising from... more The purpose of this study is to evaluate school principals’, teachers’, parents’, and students’ opinions, arising from participation in a pilot program which used a media literacy curriculum
in Turkey. The research population covers all seventh grade students who attended the media literacy course during the 2006-2007 academic year, in five pilot cities and their
teachers, principals, and families. A semi-structured one-on-one interview technique was used to collect data. In order to determine students’ opinions regarding media’s conformance
to ethical codes, five ethical codes were determined and the “Basic Ethical Codes
for Media to Follow Scale” was developed. The study results clearly show that principals,
teachers, and parents have serious concerns with the content and quality of national
publishing and broadcasting. Participants’ critiques generally concentrate on media’s corrupting social values for the sake of ratings and circulation, and they violate individuals’
rights and exaggerate in publishing and broadcasting. Students, especially from four of the pilot program cities, state that media has problems concerning processes and ethical codes, and it conforms to ethical codes sometimes or hardly-ever. The study results show that students’ opinions regarding media’s objectiveness, respect for individual rights, honesty,
congruence for responsible broadcasting, and strengthening social values in publishing
and broadcasting coincide with those of the principals, teachers, and parents.

Revision of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Ethical Guidelines

by Elena Colombetti

Colombetti E, Osimani B, Aluas M, Pessina A, Musio A:
Revision of international classification of functioning, disability and health ethical guidelines. Am J Phys Med Rehabil
2012;91(suppl):S155YS158.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification instrument of the... more The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification instrument of the World Health Organization. It is the result of the revision of the concept of disability. Its aim is to classify health and functioning in the various domains of human life and to provide standard units of measurement for disability on a global basis. In the framework of the Multidisciplinary Research Network on Health and Disability in Europe (MURINET) project, a recent revision of the ICF ethical guidelines has been proposed by the Centre for Bioethics of the Universita`Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Although we are well aware that not everybody agrees with the ICF approach, in that they have objections concerning the biopsychosocial model on which it is founded, this commentary aims to illustrate the theoretical background on which this revision is based as well as to examine the ethical and practical implications of the perspective on disability which is at the basis of ICF.

Body, biometrics and identity

by sonia massari

Perceived Conflicts Between Affirmation of Religious Diversity and Affirmation of Sexual Diversity: That's Perceived.

by Ann R. Fischer

Fischer, A. R., & DeBord, K. A. (2007). Perceived conflicts between affirmation of religious diversity and affirmation of sexual diversity: That’s ‘perceived.’ In K. J. Bieschke, R. M. Perez, & K. A. DeBord (Eds.), Handbook of counseling and psychotherapy with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clients (2nd ed., pp.317-339). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

The purpose of this chapter is to explore and invite further discussion of what we perceive as an ethical dilemma... more The purpose of this chapter is to explore and invite further discussion of what we perceive as an ethical dilemma within the field of psychology: How do individuals and organizations proceed when there is a perceived conflict between the two important professional values of respect for religious diversity and respect for sexual diversity? In its most basic form, our question is, "What should psychologists do when students or colleagues perceive that their religion tells them it is wrong to be lesbian, gay, or bisexual?" To affirm religious diversity, we ought to be respectful of norms and ideals of religion as people experience it, but to affirm sexual diversity, we ought to emphasize respect for and normalcy of (American Psychological Association [APA], 1998) lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) identities.

We emphasize "perceived" conflict and take this perception as our starting point, rather than attempting to argue about whether such a perception is warranted. Readers interested in perspectives on LGB-affirming and LGB-oppressing aspects of various religious systems may refer to sources such as Ritter and Terndrup (2002) and Davidson (2000). In other words, our domain here is not the concordance between affirmation of sexual diversity and doctrine or sacred texts within any particular religious tradition, but rather is what we in the mental health fields might do when a conflict is perceived . . . . Thus, in this chapter we address this issue directly by articulating how we attempted to resolve parts of the conflict by working through the steps of an ethical decision-making model (Hill, Glaser, & Harden, 1995).

Murder in the Museum (Essay)

by etienne boumans

Essay. Reflections on Peter van Mensch's Essay on “Against all norms and values”. Dilemmas of collecting controversial contemporary objects, published in COMCOL Newsletter No 11, October 2010.

Vulnerabilities and responsibilities: dealing with monsters in computer security

by Luca Consoli

co-authored with Wolter Pieters, Journal of Information, Communication, and Ethics in Society 7 (4), 243-257 (2009)

In this paper, information security assessment is analysed in terms of cultural categories and virtue ethics, in order... more In this paper, information security assessment is analysed in terms of cultural categories and virtue ethics, in order to explain the cultural origin of certain types of security vulnerabilities, as well as to enable a proactive attitude towards preventing such vulnerabilities.

Vulnerabilities in information security are compared to the concept of “monster” introduced by Martijntje Smits in philosophy of technology. The applicability of different strategies for dealing with monsters to information security is discussed, and the strategies are linked to attitudes in virtue ethics.

It is concluded that the present approach can form the basis for dealing proactively with unknown future vulnerabilities in information security.

The intertwining of ethics and methodology in science and engineering: a virtue-ethical approach

by Luca Consoli

Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 33 (3), 233-242 (2008)

Ethics in engineering and science has become a hot topic not only on the agendas of academic institutions and funding... more Ethics in engineering and science has become a hot topic not only on the agendas of academic institutions and funding agencies, but also among scientists and engineers themselves and the general public. Analysis of misconduct cases shows that fundamental issues concerning proper methodology as well as ethics are at stake. Traditionally, questions of methodology and ethics have been treated more or less as separate issues, or as being related but fundamentally different, while practitioners tend implicitly to see ethics as the underpinning of their methodology. I contend that methodological and ethical normativity are linked in a very fundamental way. I argue that the relationship between method and ethics deserves to be addressed more explicitly and can form the basis of a new approach towards ethical issues in science and engineering. In particular, a virtue-ethical based approach, defining the figure of the ‘good practitioner’, has many advantages. As an example, I consider the issue of the function and utility of ethical codes of conduct. Practice shows that these codes are seldom known to practitioners and, that when they are, practitioners have not internalised them. In other words, they do not match with notions of proper behaviour as experienced by scientists and engineers themselves. I argue that as long as the ethical codes are top-down regulations of an institution, rather than the ‘living morality’ of the virtuous community of scientific practice, they will remain of limited applicability.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND ETHICS: PERENNIAL QUESTIONS

by Murat Okcu

My dissertation thesis

ABSTRACT
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND ETHICS: PERENNIAL QUESTIONS
Okçu, Murat
Ph. D., Department of... more ABSTRACT
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND ETHICS: PERENNIAL QUESTIONS
Okçu, Murat
Ph. D., Department of Public Administration
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Şinasi Aksoy
October 2002, 286 Pages
Ethical approaches trying to define what is to be ethical for public administration are clustered around two rival theoretical frameworks: bureaucratic and democratic ethos. These ethical frameworks are foundational theories mainly because they try to establish universal foundations that help to derive appropriate moral conduct for public administrators. In this regard, the distinction between bureaucratic and democratic paradigms is the reflection of modernist foundational ethical cleavage to public administration. This thesis, however, asserts that an anti-foundational postmodern perspective completely rejecting foundational moral positions can be found and that only such a perspective can move the debate on administrative ethics to its right place. Instead of offering more ‘universal’ ethical standards, principles and rules, it forces us to ask more significant perennial questions and re-think organization, structure and processes of public administration in a framework which appeals to public administrators’ moral responsibility of ‘being for the Other’. This thesis also asserts that only anti-foundational perspective can offer an antidote to (administrative) ‘ethics in the form of law’.
Keywords: Bureaucratic Ethos, Democratic Ethos, Anti-foundationalism, Postmodern Administrative Ethics.
ÖZ
KAMU YÖNETİMİ VE AHLAK: KÖKLÜ SORULAR
Okçu, Murat
Doktora, Department of Public Administration
Tez Yöneticisi: Prof. Dr. Şinasi Aksoy
Ekim 2002, 286 Pages
Kamu yönetimi için neyin ahlaki olduğunu tanımlamaya çalışan etik yaklaşımlar birbirine rakip iki kuramsal çerçevenin etrafında kümelenmektedirler: bürokratik etos ve demokratik etos. Bu etik çerçeveler kamu yöneticileri için uygun ahlaki davranışı ortaya çıkarmaya yardımcı olacak nihai temelleri kurmaya çalıştıkları için temel arayıcı kuramlardır. Bu anlamda bürokratik ve demokratik paradigmalar modern temel arayıcı ahlaki yarılmanın kamu yönetimine yansımasıdır. Oysa bu tez, temel arayıcı moral konumları bütünüyle reddeden temel arayıcı karşıtı postmodern bir yaklaşımın bulunabileceğini ve ancak böyle bir bakış açısının yönetsel ahlak üzerine yürütülen tartışmayı olması gerektiği yere taşıyabileceğini iddia etmektedir. Temel arayıcı karşıtı yaklaşım daha fazla ‘evrensel’ ahlaki standartlar, ilkeler ve kurallar sunmak yerine bizi çok daha anlamlı köklü soruları sormaya iter ve bizi kamu yöneticilerinin ‘Öteki için olmak’ şeklindeki ahlaki sorumluluklarına gönderme yapan bir çerçeve içerisinde kamu yönetiminin örgüt, yapı ve süreçlerini yeniden düşünmeye zorlar. Aynı zamanda bu tez yalnızca temel arayıcı karşıtı bakış açısının ‘yasa şeklindeki (yönetsel) ahlak’ anlayışına gerçek bir çözüm sunabileceğini iddia etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bürokratik Etos, Demokratik Etos, Temel Arayıcı Karşıtı Yaklaşım, Postmodern Yönetsel Ahlak.

The Impact of the Code of Ethics on Workplace Behavior in Academic Libraries

by Kaetrena Davis Kendrick

Published in the Journal of Information Ethics, 20(1): 86-112.

An exploratory study was performed to better understand the practical impact of professional ethics in LIS, with... more An exploratory study was performed to better understand the practical impact of professional ethics in LIS, with particular regard to how knowledge of the American Library Association‘s Code of Ethics impacts the workplace behaviors of academic librarians. Participants in this investigative study were credentialed academic librarians working in North American all kinds of college and university libraries. Study results show that while librarians who have been exposed to formal ethics training are more likely to be familiar with the Code of Ethics, there may not be a link between Code of Ethics knowledge and how academic librarians respond to instances of observed or self-reported unethical workplace behavior. These results have implications for the debate surrounding enforcement of the Code of Ethics and may lay the groundwork for the creation of a supplemental ethics code that addresses the ethical challenges that are inherent in academic library environments.