Depression

Social capital and the course of depression: Six-month prospective cohort study

by Martin Webber

Why the HADS is still important: Reply to Coyne & van Sonderen

by Theodore D. Cosco

Depression: embodying social inequality

by john cromby

Between constructionism and neuroscience: the societal co-constitution of embodied subjectivity

by john cromby

Theory & Psychology 14,6, 797-821

Social constructionist psychology has no adequate notion of embodied subjectivity, a situation causing conceptual... more Social constructionist psychology has no adequate notion of embodied subjectivity, a situation causing conceptual errors, raising methodological issues, and serving to entrench within constructionism the dualisms that structure mainstream psychology. The outline of a solution to this problem is offered, drawing on contemporary work in neuroscience. A framework of three “grammars” of causality and influence (P, or persons; O or organisms; and M or molecules) from Harre (2002) is described and used to structure the integration of Shotter’s notion of subjectivity with two brain systems. Damasio’s “somatic marker” hypothesis enables the feelingful, sensuous aspects of “joint action”, whilst Gazzaniga’s “interpreter” enables their discursive aspects. The benefits of theorising embodied subjectivity in this way are illustrated by a study of the phenomena of “depression”, and it is concluded that such an integration makes constructionism more coherent, credible and critical.

The NICE guideline on depression: research recommendations for primary care

by A. Niroshan Siriwardena

Heart Rate Variability In Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Differences In Patients With Higher and Lower Depression Scores

by David Sheffield

CO-AUTHORED WITH RUNGROJ KRITTAYAPHONG, MD, WAYNE E. CASCIO, MD, KATHLEEN C. LIGHT, P H D , ROBERT N. GOLDEN, MD, JERRY B. FINKEL, MD, GEORGE GLEKAS, GARY G. KOCH, PHD, AND DAVID S. SHEPS, MD, MSPH. Published in Psychosomatic Medicine

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that coronary artery disease patients with higher depression scores have... more Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that coronary artery disease patients with higher depression scores have lower heart rate variability during daily life. Method: Thirty-three men and nine women, ranging in age from 46 to 79, with coronary artery disease and exercise-induced ischemia were studied. The standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and average heart rate were obtained from 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. Patients were grouped by a median split of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-D) score. Results: SDNN was lower (p = .009} and average heart rate was higher (p = .003) in patients with higher depression scores. These relationships remained substantially unaltered after statistically adjusting for the only demographic/clinical factor that varied between the groups: gender. Conclusions: In comparison to the lower depression score group, those with higher depression scores had lower heart rate variability during daily life. These findings may be related to the reported relationship between depression and survival risk in patients with coronary artery disease.

Depression and Chronic Illness: A Test of Competing Hypotheses

by Hui Liew

No Indonesian studies have addressed the relationship between chronic illness and depression. Using simultaneous... more No Indonesian studies have addressed the relationship between chronic illness and depression. Using simultaneous equation modeling, this study modeled the joint dependency of depression and chronic illness. The findings showed that the odds of having at least two chronic health conditions increase with the level of depression and individuals with at least two chronic health conditions have higher odds of being in a higher depression category. The health benefits of education are greater among Indonesian women after controlling for mobility, age, marital status, and smoking. Policies directed toward reducing gender differences in education are crucial to reduce persistent health inequalities.

Further research needed: A comment on Coyne and van Sonderen's call to abandon the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

by Sam Norton

S Norton, A Sacker, J Done. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, in press

The burden of depression in patients with symptomatic varicose veins

by Tristan Lane

Number of childhood abuse perpetrators and the occurrence of depressive episodes in adulthood

by Richard Liu

Mental Health Illiteracy? Perceiving Depression as a Disorder

by Charlotte Blease

Review of General Psychology 2012 16(1):59-69
This is the accepted draft of the paper.

World Health Organization statistics reveal that depression is not only one of the leading causes of disability in the... more World Health Organization statistics reveal that depression is not only one of the leading causes of disability in the world today but it is an illness on the rise. I review research into public attitudes to depression and the effectiveness of recent education campaigns. I contend that whilst there appears to be evidence that depression is met with serious and persistent stigma, there is a dearth of research in this area. In this article, I forward an explanation for how we might understand the apparent persistence of, and some of the stigmatizing responses to, depression; I term this hypothesis the ‘Cheater-Detection Model of Depression Stigmatisation’ (hereafter, ‘CDMD’). This article proposes that certain behavioral traits associated with depression (specifically: fatigue, cognitive and motor retardation, occupational impairment) may be detected (erroneously) via a specific suite of cognitive mechanisms which were selected for their capacity to gauge cooperation and social exchange among individuals. I argue that the symptoms of depressive behavior which interfere with social and occupational capacities may trigger responses which were selected for in order to avoid exploitation by ‘cheaters’ (that is to say, individuals who are perceived to benefit from social exchange but who are not judged to reciprocate). Evolutionary psychology informs us that perception of cheating behavior tends to elicit affective responses such as anger and avoidance: I argue that some symptoms of depression tend to induce ‘false-positive’ stigmatizing responses. I conclude that until we understand the cognition underlying stigmatization we cannot expect to target it effectively.

Content Analysis of Personal Constructs in Depression

by Adrian Montesano

Low-dose tryptophan depletion in recovered depressed women induces impairments in autobiographical memory specificity

by Anneke Haddad

Haddad, A. D. M., Williams, J. M. G., McTavish, S. F. B., & Harmer, C. J. (2009, December). Low-dose tryptophan depletion in recovered depressed women induces impairments in autobiographical memory specificity.. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 207(3), 499-508.

Background: Depressed patients perform poorly on tests of autobiographical memory specificity (AMS); this may have... more Background: Depressed patients perform poorly on tests of autobiographical memory specificity (AMS); this may have negative consequences for other important cognitive abilities, delays recovery from mood episodes, and, in recovered patients, may mediate vulnerability to future episodes. Although the cognitive mechanisms underlying AMS deficits are beginning to be understood, the neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Serotonin is implicated in both depression and long-term memory; therefore, temporary lowering of brain serotonin function via acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) offers a means of studying the role of serotonin in autobiographical memory specificity.

Materials and methods: In this study, 24 previously depressed women underwent low-dose ATD or sham depletion and completed tests of initial and delayed memory, recollection- and familiarity-based recognition, and AMS.

Results: ATD did not differentially affect state mood. Compared with sham depletion, ATD impaired immediate recall on the Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Although ATD did not differentially impair recollection- and familiarity-based recognition, it did slow recognition of positive words. ATD also reduced autobiographical memory specificity in response to negative cue words.

Discussion: The results confirm previous findings that low-dose ATD can reinstate depression-congruent biases in cognition without causing depressive mood in vulnerable populations. The ATD-induced reduction in memory specificity suggests that serotonergic dysfunction may mediate depressive deficits in autobiographical memory; the interaction of cognitive and neurobiological vulnerability mechanisms is discussed.

Life Course Perspectives on the Epidemiology of Depression

by Anushka Ataullahjan

The association between antidepressant use and depression eight years later: A national cohort study

by Anushka Ataullahjan

Predictors of long-term prognosis of depression

by Anushka Ataullahjan

The effects of mindfulness on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity

by Alexandre Heeren

Heeren, A., Van Broeck, N., & Philippot, P. (2009). The effects of mindfulness training on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 403-409.

Changes in ruminative thinking mediate the clinical benefits of mindfulness: Preliminary findings

by Alexandre Heeren

Heeren, A. & Philippot, P. (2011). Changes in ruminative thinking mediate the clinical benefits of mindfulness: Preliminary findings. Mindfulness, 2, 8-13.

TÜRKİYE’DE 18-25 YAŞ GRUBU ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ARASINDA GÖRÜLEN DEPRESYONUN; BENLİK SAYGISI, AİLE BAĞLILIĞI, AKADEMİK BAŞARI VE CİNSİYET İLE OLAN İLİŞKİSİ

by Tuba Dursun

  Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin benlik saygısı, aile bağlılığı ve akademik başarının depresyon üzerinde... more   Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin benlik saygısı, aile bağlılığı ve akademik başarının depresyon üzerinde ilişkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Türkiye’nin farklı üniversitelerinden 81’i kız 74’ü erkek üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. (Yaş Mean: 21.69). Çalışmada; Beck Depresyon Envanteri, IPPA  Aile ve Akran Bağlılığı Testi ve Rosenberg’in Benlik Algısı testi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Depresyon ile Anne” iletişim-özgüven”, ve Baba “Yabancılaşma” arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuş, ardından benlik saygısının depresyon üzerinde ki negatif anlamlı ilişkisi ile bu ilişki anlamını yitirmiştir. Depresyon’un benlik saygısı ile (-407)’lik negatif kuvvetli ve anlamlı ilişki içindedir. Depresyonun akademik başarı ile ilişkisi irdelendiğinde ise hiçbir bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Bulgular, depresyonun aile bağlılığı, benlik saygısı ve cinsiyet ile ilişkisi üzerinde tartışılmıştır.

PRACTICAL COUNSELING SKILLS AND APPROACHES

by Daniel Keeran MSW

By Daniel Keeran, MSW, President, College of Mental Health Counselling

This is a convenient list of practical counseling articles with clickable hypertext to access the full version. Topics... more This is a convenient list of practical counseling articles with clickable hypertext to access the full version. Topics include:

What To Say When Dying,
Working With Anger,
Counseling Depression,
Counseling Domestic Violence,
Healing Childhood Loss of Caring,
Healing Grief,
Healing Sexual Abuse,
Effective Counseling Skills,
Solving Issues in Marriage,
Solving Problems,
Steps To Prevent Suicide,
Steps for Healing Adultery