Crime and Criminal Justice

Criminal Investigations – Psychological Profiling

by Rodney Sims

Reducing reoffending: lessons from psychotherapy and counseling

by Susan Batchelor

Working with Girls and Young Women

by Susan Batchelor

Gender, Policing and Social Control:Examining Police Officers' Perceptions of and Responses to Young Women Depicted as Violent.

by Suzanne Young

Research Briefing

Transitions of Truants: Community Truancy Board as a Turning Point in the Lives of Adolescents

by Kevin Wright

Johnson, Charles L, Kevin A. Wright, and Paul S. Strand (2012). "Transitions of Truants: Community Truancy Board as a Turning Point in the Lives of Adolescents." Journal of Juvenile Justice, 1(2), 34-51.

School dropout represents a major turning point in a person’s life that could be seen as an initial step on a... more School dropout represents a major turning point in a person’s life that could be seen as an initial step on a difficult pathway to reduced conventional opportunities. The challenge is to identify interventions that can successfully reintegrate students back into a school setting in a manner that encourages continued attendance and involvement. One such program is the West Valley Community Truancy Board in Spokane, Washington. In addition to the truancy board process, the program employs a court-appointed officer to mentor students and manage the overall process of identifying and attending to the risks and needs that promote truancy. Guided by Sampson and Laub’s (1993) age-graded theory of informal social control and Cullen’s (1994) application of social support to delinquency, the current analysis seeks to determine the overall effectiveness of the truancy board based on both quantitative analyses of outcomes and qualitative interviews with key actors. We discuss the implications for the ongoing theoretical, empirical, and policy debates surrounding truancy intervention.

"L'incertitude comme menace"

by Claude-Olivier Doron

Draft to be published in Deprins, D. (ed.), Parier sur l'incertitude, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 2012

Through an analysis focusing on penal policies and how they deal with "uncertainty", this article wants to... more Through an analysis focusing on penal policies and how they deal with "uncertainty", this article wants to distinguish between different ways of perceiving and governing uncertainty, what we call different "rationalities" dealing with uncertainty.

Compte rendu d’ouvrage Arlette, FARGE, Un ruban et des larmes. Un procès en adultère au XVIIIe siècle,, Éditions des Busclats, 2011, 77 p.

by Simon Laporte

Arlette Farge nous livre dans cet ouvrage une étude de cas assez peu banale, et c’est sans nul doute ce qui a pu... more Arlette Farge nous livre dans cet ouvrage une étude de cas assez peu banale, et c’est sans nul doute ce qui a pu décider l’historienne à en restituer l’étrangeté tout en conservant, et nous pouvons lui en être reconnaissants, tout le mystère attaché à ce témoignage d’un procès en adultère dans les dernières décennies de l’Ancien Régime.

Space, memory and conflict in the Rome of Clement VII

by Guido Rebecchini

Session: Street life and street culture: Between Early Modern Europe and the present, organisers Dr. Fabrizio Nevola (University of Bath) and Dr. Georgia Clarke (Courtauld Institute of Art, London), 10th International Conference on Urban History. City & Society in European History, Ghent 3rd September 2010

This paper will be published as an article in a forthcoming special issue of the journal Renaissance Studies (2013)

In the early modern period, Rome’s imperial past and Christian present made the whole city a site of memory,... more In the early modern period, Rome’s imperial past and Christian present made the whole city a site of memory, projecting the urban space into a mythical dimension. Early representations of Rome, such as that by Taddeo di Bartolo in Siena (ca. 1406-1414), in which the city is represented as an agglomerate of ancient and Christian monuments surrounded by walls and fluctuating in an abstract blue space, illustrate this idealized dimension clearly. Accordingly, early modern representations of Rome consistently neglect its social life. Yet Rome was a highly contested city, where both papal power and civic identity claimed “possession” of the past and often attempted to mark their presence in the same symbolically charged sites, such as the Capitoline hill, or streets, like the Via Papalis. Religious and secular rituals performed along the streets of Rome visually articulated these conflicts in a pacific way, but the underlying tension between the ecclesiastic control upon the cityscape and the municipal resistance to it sometimes exploded in violent conflicts, during which issues of identity and power were negotiated by subtly exploiting the symbolic values inscribed in the urban fabric. Some examples dating from the papacy of Clement VII and from the sede vacante that followed his death in 1534 will illustrate the symbolic use of space during such conflicts.

Deep-Fried Liver

by Trevor Elliott

People always say that we can’t take the life of another human being even if he did rape and kill 12-year-old little... more People always say that we can’t take the life of another human being even if he did rape and kill 12-year-old little girls. Well think about it this way, would you want the man who killed your daughter(s) or granddaughter(s) still living in a jail cell and still having the ability to appeal that judgment a few times before he dies after 60+ years in prison, or possibility of parole

United We Stand... Skateboarding We're Falling

by Trevor Elliott

Skateboarders are nothing but hoodlum kids and disgruntled teenagers that defile and deface public property; they... more Skateboarders are nothing but hoodlum kids and disgruntled teenagers that defile and deface public property; they endanger themselves, other people, and motorists.

‘Punitiveness’ and Penal Trends in Slovenia: On the ‘Shady Side of the Alps’?

by Gorazd Mesko

Benjamin Flander & Gorazd Meško (2011), in KURY, Helmut (ed.), SHEA, Evelyne (ed.). Punitivity international developments, (Crime and crime policy, vol. 8-1; 8-2; 8-3). Bochum: Universitätsverlag Brockmeyer

Punitive public attitudes have lately seen an exceptional rise in Slovenia. Despite the fact that crime rates have not... more Punitive public attitudes have lately seen an exceptional rise in Slovenia. Despite the fact that crime rates have not grown significantly in the last few years, throughout all segments of the legal system the penalties are continually getting harsher. A con-tinued tendency towards a hardening of punishment, witnessed over recent years in Slovenia, seems to be a symptom of global trends (for example, the rise of neocon-servative and neoliberal ideologies, the ascendancy of right-wing parties and law-and-order political rhetoric) that Slovenia is unable to avoid. However, on the ‘sunny side of the Alps’ – in contrast to some other European countries – punitive public attitudes have not so far dictated trends of punishment. Also, our findings show that, to date, there have been no signs of aggressive penal populism in Slovenia (it has instead been restricted to individual right-wing politicians and legal experts). The enactment of harsher laws and policies has served more symbolic than instrumental purposes so far and should not be taken as necessarily indicative of tough crime con-trol practices either on Slovenian streets or within its courthouses.

Capital Vice in the Midwest: The Spatial Distribution of the Seven Deadly Sins (Map Set)

by Mitch Stimers

These are the maps that accompany the Seven Deadly Sins paper.

An Assessment of Prospective Changes In Cross-Border Crime After Estonia's Accession to the European Union

by Anna Markina

Gang member undergrads: What are gang members doing in our colleges and universities?

by Carter Smith

Keywords: gang activity in college, street gangs in university, percent of students having gang association, gangs in college, gangs in universities, college gangs.

Abstract: With the growing presence of criminal street gang members in the United States, communities everywhere are... more Abstract: With the growing presence of criminal street gang members in the United States, communities everywhere are experiencing the damaging impact of their criminal behavior. A 2011 report by the National Gang Intelligence Center reported the number of gang members in the United States was conservatively estimated at 1.4 million. As these gang members evolve, are they using our nation’s colleges and universities to educate themselves? How will that affect our communities? This paper reports results of a survey of college students and campus police regarding their perception of the presence of gang members on their campus. Less than one in four students agreed there was a gang problem in the community around their campus, while two of three of the police respondents agreed with the statement.  Students and police agreed in similar percentages that there was a gang problem within the campus community.  At least half of both students and police thought gang members were responsible for less than 10% of crime on campus. About two of three students and police reported less than 10% of the students were active gang members. The Bloods, Crips, and Gangster Disciples were the top three gangs in the campus community for both groups. Drugs crimes, Assaults, assorted Weapons crimes, Robberies and Sexual Assaults were reported as gang-related crimes.

Le misure di prevenzione del terrorismo e dei traffici criminosi internazionali ("The Measures of Prevention of International Terrorism and Criminal Trafficking")

by Lorenzo Pasculli

Versione definitiva in italiano della mia tesi di dottorato. Vietata ogni distribuzione o riproduzione non autorizzata (Final italian version of my Ph.D. dissertation. Do not distribute or copy without permission)

Università degli Studi di Trento (University of Trento)

Relatore (Tutor/Supervisor): Prof. Silvio Riondato

Obiettivo della presente ricerca è stata la ricognizione, la sistematizzazione e la critica delle misure di... more Obiettivo della presente ricerca è stata la ricognizione, la sistematizzazione e la critica delle misure di prevenzione negative praeter delictum del crimine globale previste dal diritto internazionale e sovranazionale. Si è cercato di adottare un metodo rispondente al carattere, appunto, globale della materia, nonché all’esigenza di offrirne una lettura sistematica universale. In questo senso, si è fatto largo uso della comparazione giuridica, al fine di individuare principi, categorie e prassi comuni, con cui interpretare anche il diritto internazionale e sovranazionale.

Il lavoro si è strutturato in quattro parti. Nella prima si è introdotto il problema della possibile confusione fra pene e misure preventive predelittuali, che, applicate senza idonee garanzie di certezza legale, si prestano a fungere da pene del mero sospetto. Nella seconda parte si è affrontata l’evoluzione della prevenzione negli ordinamenti contemporanei, con particolare riferimento all’impiego di misure negative da parte del potere politico in tempi di emergenza. Nella terza parte sono state esaminate, in un quadro d’insieme, le esperienze e le categorie maturate da vari ordinamenti nazionali in materia di prevenzione. Nell’ultima parte si è cercato di interpretare alla luce di tali strumenti i modelli di prevenzione di diritto internazionale e sovranazionale.

All’esito della nostra ricerca è emerso come il ricorso a misure di prevenzione negativa praeter delictum sia prerogativa comune ad ogni ordinamento giuridico, se non altro nei casi in cui vengano meno l’efficacia deterrente della pena e l’efficacia di interventi di prevenzione positiva. In certi paesi tali misure sono uno strumento ordinario di lotta alla criminalità pur sempre riconducibili ai principi garantistici del diritto penale, in altri contesti esse vengono usate quali misure eccezionali o di guerra, in una concezione utilitaristica che, in nome della ragione politica, tende a giustificare indiscriminati sacrifici delle libertà e dei diritti individuali, come la tortura e i “targeted killings”.

Nonostante alcuni significativi interventi della Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione europea, la disciplina delle misure negative adottate dagli ordinamenti internazionali e sovranazionali risulta ancora troppo legata a logiche politiche e troppo svincolata da principi e garanzie in grado di tutelare, quanto meno, un nucleo inderogabile di diritti e libertà fondamentali.

The Efficacy of County-Level Sex Offender Residence Restrictions in New York

by Kelly Socia

Risk, responsibility and reconfiguration: Penal adaption and misadaption

by Cyrus Tata

Retribution and Capital Punishment

by Thom Brooks

in Mark D. White (ed.), Retributivism: Essays on Theory and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 232-45.

This chapter argues that contrary to popular wisdom (and clear pronouncements by classic retributivists such as Kant),... more This chapter argues that contrary to popular wisdom (and clear pronouncements by classic retributivists such as Kant), retributivists should oppose capital punishment for murderers. He concedes that murderers may deserve to be executed, and that this can be carried out fairly and humanely. Rather, his argument focuses on epistemic problems with ascertaining guilt, which have been made more prominent and visible by recent advances in forensic science (such as DNA testing). Even after guilt was found beyond a reasonable doubt during a fair trial, and confirmed in all subsequent appeals, these scientific advances have been able to clearly demonstrate the innocence of dozens of convicted murderers on death row. This chapter rejects several other arguments against capital punishment offered as retributivist before outlining and defending his own against actual and potential criticisms.

fuzzy theory and its application in designing and applying of the intelligent system of internet crime prevention and identification of the suspicious behaviors leading to abuse in electronic interactions

by Navid Kamali

THIS IS ONE OF MY PROJECTS

one of the biggest obstacles on the way of using the national information exchange space and internet interactions, is... more one of the biggest obstacles on the way of using the national information exchange space and internet interactions, is the lack of security and the occasional abuses occurring in the process of financial exchange. Therefore, prevention of the illegal breaching and identification of the crime are among the important issues for financial firms, banks and security centers.
In this paper, an intelligent system of recognition and prevention of users’ abuse has been introduced, which has the capability of recognizing the unusual and suspicious behavior of the users in interaction and exchange-based systems such as electronic banking. Since different users’ behaviors are ambiguous and uncertain, this system has been created based on the phasic theory and as well as my own previous experiences in designing the cyber criminal identification system (cyber police) and is able to classify different suspicious behaviors according to their intensity.

Реалізація принципу пропорційності при використанні запобіжних заходів

by Bronislav Totskyi

Опубліковано: Правові реформи в Україні: проблеми реалізації: Міжнародна науково-практична конференція, м. Київ, 16-17 лютого 2011 року. – Київ: у 4-х томах. – К. Центр правових наукових досліджень, 2011. – т. 4. – сс.33 – 36