Colonialism (History)

Colonialism

by József Böröcz

Co-authored with Mahua Sarkar. Published as an entry in the Sage Encyclopedia of Global Studies. 2012.

To Get Rich for Our Homeland: The Company of Scotland and the Colonization of the Isthmus of Darien

by Dennis Hidalgo

Climate Change, Human Response, and the Origins of Urbanism at Timbuktu: Archaeological Investigations into the Prehistoric Urbanism of the Timbuktu Region on the Niger Bend, Mali, West Africa

by Douglas Park 

Douglas P. Park (2011). Ph.D. Thesis, Yale University, Dept. Anthropology
574 Pages

Visit: more Visit: http://www.saharanresearch.org/www.douglaspostpark.org/SARA_Initiative/SARA_Initiative.html

This research explores human response to climate change and asks how this interaction may have helped to form the large-scale prehistoric urbanism in the Timbuktu region. New understandings on the nature of prehistoric urbanism on the Niger Bend have been laid out by employing various theories and working models that deal with the social relationship with the changing climate and seasonal environment. The archaeological data used to address these theories and models were obtained over three seasons of research between 2008 and 2010. Field research involved intensive excavation and survey at the Iron Age tell complex of Tombouze (9 kilometers southeast of modern Timbuktu). Additionally, a wide ranging reconnaissance of the larger Timbuktu region and various forms of paleo-climate studies were also undertaken.

My findings suggest that the roles of changing climate regimes, a highly variable seasonal environment, and the unique ways local populations interacted with a difficult and marginal landscape, were all important in the formation of a dense and expansive prehistoric urban landscape. Incipient and small-scale semi-sedentary groups which came to the Timbuktu region at approximately 500 BC gave rise to a fully permanent yet highly flexible form of urbanism circa AD 650. Abandonment of the large urban centers and their hinterlands occurred at approximately AD 1000, soon before the foundation of historic Timbuktu by the Tuareg.

Investigation and analysis into the unique character of the prehistoric settlements of the Timbuktu region has produced a new hypothetical model of urbanism which may have application to the rest of the Niger Bend region. Known as the "Tombouze Model", this hypothetical construct suggests that urbanism fluctuates on a seasonal basis in accordance with the high and low flood seasons. During the high flood season, when dry land is limited, the prehistoric urban populations coalesced onto numerous large focus tells reaching probable dimensions of up to 100 hectares. During the low flood season, when land is plentiful but water scarce, the prehistoric populations radiated out into the hinterlands of the focus tells establishing temporary yet specialized seasonal camps in the floodplains while a much reduced permanently inhabited settlement core remained at the focus tells.

The Kohimarama Conference of 1860: A Contextual Reading

by Lachy Paterson

Journal of New Zealand Studies, NS12 (2011): 29-46.

Paradoxically, the Kohimarama Conference of 1860 stands in contemporary historiography as a shining example of Maori... more Paradoxically, the Kohimarama Conference of 1860 stands in contemporary historiography as a shining example of Maori interaction with the Crown and of what might have been possible if the government was not being so dastardly in its other pursuits. However, the month-long conference, attended by over 100 Māori chiefs, was not a “ratification” of the Treaty of Waitangi as argued by some historians, but an attempt by the government, then under extreme pressure during the first Taranaki war, to avert a more wide-spread conflict, and to advance its colonial project. Using both Maori and English-lnguage newspapers, the conference, the largest propaganda effort and political theatre directed towards Maori, was further projected out to the Maori and Pakeha reading publics.

La herencia ideológica y cultural del colonialismo. Un comentario sobre el libro de Bradford Burns

by Margarita Manosalvas

Towards Social Progress and Post-Imperial Modernity? Colonial Politics of Literacy in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1946-1956

by Iris Seri-Hersch

History of Education, Vol. 40(3), May 2011, p. 333-356.

This article explores the politics of literacy in late colonial Sudan. Drawing upon hitherto untapped archival sources... more This article explores the politics of literacy in late colonial Sudan. Drawing upon hitherto untapped archival sources in English and Arabic, it focuses on two key-questions: what were the purposes and uses of literacy in the eyes of colonial authorities? What means were used to spread literacy skills among Sudanese people? Replacing these issues in the context of British imperial policy in Africa, I argue that mixed teams of British and Sudanese educationalists came to view literacy as a central tool to foster social progress and political modernity. The analysis puts special emphasis on literacy campaigns and follow-up literature as experimental means used to promote and perpetuate Arabic literacy in the Northern Sudan. Examining both "nation-wide" and provincially based magazines, it highlights their multifaceted role as pedagogic materials, vehicles of political, cultural and ideological representations, social networks, as well as public platforms of expression for young Sudanese literates.

Print Culture and the Collective Maori Consciousness

by Lachy Paterson

Journal of New Zealand Literature, 18:2 (2010), pp. 105-129.

Although literacy and print were essential tools of the New Zealand colonial project ultimately designed to... more Although literacy and print were essential tools of the New Zealand colonial project ultimately designed to ‘amalgamate’ Māori into the modern Pākehā-dominated world, ironically they also helped in the evolution of a collective Māori consciousness. This collective sense of being manifested itself in such pan-Māori movements as the Kīngitanga, Kotahitanga and Te Aute College Students Association. Māori were not passive recipients of print culture, and each of these movements utilized newspapers as a means of disseminating their discourses. Utilizing aspects of Benedict Anderson’s theory on the role of print in the formation of national consciousness, this essay looks at how Pākehā-run newspapers assisted in the development of a collective Māori consciousness, and how each of these movements projected this identity in their own publications.

CALL FOR PAPERS: British North America's Global Age

by Jarett Henderson

A maritime society: Friendship, animosity and group formation on the ships of the Dutch East-India Company

by Michaël Deinema

Student paper 2003 for the bachelor course "European ships in tropical waters" in Economic and Social History at the University of Amsterdam.

‘Round about Batavia. Ethnicity and authority in the Ommelanden, 1650-1800’ in: Kees Grijns and Peter J.M. Nas (eds), Jakarta-Batavia. Socio-cultural essays. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 187 (Leiden: KITLV Press 2000) 99-118

by Remco Raben