Cold War

Neo-Realism and Humanitarian Action: From Cold War to Our Days

by Huseyn Aliyev

This article aims at describing and analyzing the neo-realist theory with the focus on humanitarian aspects. In the... more This article aims at describing and analyzing the neo-realist theory with the focus on humanitarian aspects. In the first part of this article I will briefly present the theory of neo-realism in international relations and its major concepts and tenets. The second part of the paper will look into possible application of the given theory to humanitarian action. How humanitarianism could have been perceived in a neo-realist Cold War world and how it can be viewed in a rapidly changing post-Cold War world? What are the major implications of this theory for the humanitarian world? And how the neo-realist world influenced humanitarian action so far? The following questions will be addressed in the later parts of this article.

West Germany and the United States during the Middle East Crisis of 1973: 'Nothing but a Semi-Colony'?

by Bernhard Blumenau

in: The Routledge Handbook of Transatlantic Security, ed. Jussi Hanhimäki, Georges-Henri Soutou and Basil Germond, 126-141. Milton Park, New York: Routledge, 2010.

This chapter looks at the troubled German-American relationship during the October War crisis of 1973. This chapter looks at the troubled German-American relationship during the October War crisis of 1973.

L’evoluzione giuridica del potere dell’occupante un territorio nemico nel diritto internazionale bellico nel corso della Seconda Guerra Mondiale

by Flavio Carbone

published in AA. VV., Acta del XXIV Congresso della Commission Internationale d’Histoire Militaire, Trieste 31 agosto – 5 settembre 2008, Roma, Commissione Italiana di Storia Militare, 2009, tomo 1, pp. 374-381.

The juridical evolution of the occupying forces in an enemy territory in International Law during the Secondo World War. The juridical evolution of the occupying forces in an enemy territory in International Law during the Secondo World War.

La confrontación latente: El futuro incierto de la península coreana

by Asier Blas Mendoza

Blas Mendoza, Asier e Iker (2007): "La confrontación latente: el futuro incierto de la península coreana", Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, núm. 78, p. 197-216.

En el presente artículo se abordan los cambios acontecidos en las relaciones intercoreanas tras el derrumbe de los... more En el presente artículo se abordan los cambios acontecidos en las relaciones intercoreanas tras el derrumbe de los regímenes soviéticos. En los primeros años que siguieron a la caída del Telón de Acero, se mantuvo en todo el perímetro coreano un escenario de confrontación que parecía perpetuar el problema sine die. Pero en la segunda mitad de los años noventa, el Nordeste Asiático comienza a vivir un auténtico cambio que repercutirá en la aparición de contactos públicos entre las dos Coreas. El nuevo juego destapado oficialmente por la Sunshine Policy propició un replanteamiento muy profundo en las políticas exteriores de ambos estados, y abrió un nuevo capítulo en las relaciones intercoreanas que ha demostrado claramente la importante dimensión y repercusión del conflicto en el marco
geoestratégico de todo el Este Asiático, así como en la política internacional.

An Account of Fahrenheit 451

by JC Brown

Written for the History of Books, Printing, and Publishing (LIS 7790) -- Wayne State University, School of Library and Information Science. Dedicated to the three Js: Jaema, Janet, and Jarod.

This paper explores the development, publication history, and reception of the 1953 dystopian novella Fahrenheit 451... more This paper explores the development, publication history, and reception of the 1953 dystopian novella Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. A brief biographical sketch of Bradbury provides readers with necessary background information that shows an early interest in the topics of book burning and censorship. Development of the novella is traced by way of a collection of short stories that later evolved into Fahrenheit 451 – most of which had not been published until recently. A summary of the publication history is laid out with the most recent being the work's release in e-book format much to Bradbury's consternation. The paper examines the historical happenings which were occurring at the time of the novella's publication which affected the overall interpretation of the work with consideration given to Bradbury's sentiments. An examination of the book's censorship history is explored.

Die Kongokrise und der Kalte Krieg in Afrika

by Michael Pesek

draft only.

Landscapes of political memories: War legacies and land negotiations in Laos

by Ian Baird

Ian G. Baird and Philippe Le Billon (Published online, May 2012) Political Geography

Wars and their aftermaths frequently transform land use and ownership, reshaping ‘post-conflict’ landscapes through... more Wars and their aftermaths frequently transform land use and ownership, reshaping ‘post-conflict’ landscapes through new boundaries, population movements, land reforms and conditions of access. Within a global context of controversial land concessions and farmland acquisitions, we bring to light the continued salience of historical memories of war in the ways land conflicts are being negotiated in Laos. Considering circumstances at different scalesdfrom bilateral government relations to village-level claimsdwe find that political capital linked to memories of wartime affiliations have crucial spatial and place-based connections, and that they affect the ways investors, government officials and villagers negotiate over land concessions. Ethnographic evidence, spatial analysis and a survey of expatriate development workers engaged with land issues in Laos suggest that such ‘political memories’ are an important but often overlooked factor in shaping an uneven concessions landscape. We discuss implications for foreign development organizations that tend to privilege technical and legal aspects of land
management over such political dimensions.

The State and Economic Development

by Nemanja Sukalo

Playing against the enemy: Raimundo Saporta and the first trip of Real Madrid CF´s basketball team to the Soviet Union

by Juan Antonio Simón Sanjurjo

Published in RICYDE International Journal of Sport Science

This article aims to address the role played by the sport in the Franco regime´s foreign policy during the sixties. In... more This article aims to address the role played by the sport in the Franco regime´s foreign policy during the sixties. In particular, we analyze the importance of Raimundo Saporta in the world of the sport, and specifically his influence in the basketball of the second half of XX century in the Spanish and international context, as well as in the sphere political and diplomatic. In addition, this work focuses on the study of the two matches played between Real Madrid CF and CSKA Moscow in the final of the European Cup of Basketball in 1963; and the protagonism of Saporta as negotiator, to secure that the Spanish authorities as much as the Soviet were granted the permission to play the eliminatory matches on two legs.

La Guerra fredda e "l'avanzata modernità socialista"

by Tobias Rupprecht

Contemporanea 1 (2012), pp.137-145

A Very British Vision of Détente: The United Kingdom's Foreign Policy During the Helsinki Process, 1969-1975’

by Dr Martin D. Brown

Published in the volume ' Overcoming the Iron Curtain: Visions of the End of the Cold War in Europe, 1945–1990' , based on contributions made at a conference held at the Sorbonne, Paris, in June 2008.

Edited by Frédéric Bozo (Sorbonne, Paris), Marie-Pierre Rey (Director of the Centre of Slavic Studies at the Sorbonne), N. Piers Ludlow (LSE), and Bernd Rother (Willy Brandt Foundation in Berlin). It forms part of Berghahn Book’s series on Contemporary European History [ISBN 978-0-85745-288-7

Amerikan Dış Politikasının Kökenleri ve Amerikan Dış Politik Kültürü

by Uluslararası İlişkiler

Gültekin Sümer, "Amerikan Dış Politikasının Kökenleri ve Amerikan Dış Politik Kültürü", Uluslararası İlişkiler, Cilt 5, Sayı 19 (Güz), 2008

Amerikan dış politik kültürünü daha iyi anlayabilmek için Amerikan dış politikasının kökenlerine eğilmemiz... more Amerikan dış politik kültürünü daha iyi anlayabilmek için Amerikan dış politikasının kökenlerine eğilmemiz gerekmektedir. ABD’nin sahip olduğu dış politik kültürün tek bir yüzünden bahsedilemez; farklı yüzleri bulunmaktadır. ABD sahip olduğu eşsiz konumla, yumuşak güç araçlarını etkili bir biçimde kullanarak klasik bir hegemonyacı bir güç olmak yerine dünyaya liderlik yapan bir güç olmayı amaç edinmiştir. Fakat dünya gücü olmanın gerekleri ile ABD’nin hegemonyacı eğilimlerinin birleşmesi ABD’nin sahip olduŞu dış politik kültürün evrim geçirerek dış politikada bir Amerikan kültünün yaratılmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Bunda Soğuk Savaş yapılanmasının da önemli payı olmuştur. Bu durum, ABD’yi kökenlerinden uzaklaştırmış ve dış politikasını geri dönülmez bir noktaya getirmiştir.

From Civil Liberties to Human Rights? British Civil Liberties Activism and Universal Human Rights

by Chris Moores

This article discusses British civil liberties organisations hoping to engage in a broader human rights politics... more This article discusses British civil liberties organisations hoping to engage in a broader human rights politics during and immediately after the Second World War. It argues that various movements and organisations from sections of the British Left attempted to articulate a human rights politics which incorporated political, civil, social and economic rights during the 1940s and
early 1950s. However, organisations were unable to express this and mobilise accordingly. This reflected the collapse of the popular-front-style alliances forged in the 1930s and the difficulties in articulating political positions distinct from the ideological polarisation that emerged with the onset of the Cold War.

Deterrence e Détente: uma breve discussão metodológica

by Daniel Rio Tinto

Published in "Polímnia", Nº2, Vol. 1, 2011. Article in Portuguese.

EN - Several important authors attain causal relation between the Cold War Détente to the establishment of a mutual... more EN - Several important authors attain causal relation between the Cold War Détente to the establishment of a mutual assured destruction system supported by nuclear weapons. This article will discuss the methodological validity of this analysis, verifying the relation between the theory of nuclear dissuasion and it's practice during the Détente. I will argue that there is no causal relation and the nuclear weapons are mostly a interdependent variable.

PT - Uma série de autores consagrados relacionam de forma causal o período da Guerra Fria que ficou conhecido como Détente ao estabelecimento do sistema de destruição mútua assegurada por meio da obliteração nuclear. Este artigo pretende discutir a validade metodológica desta análise, verificando a relação entre a teoria da dissuasão nuclear e a prática durante o período da Détente. A linha de argumentação seguida é a de que não há relação de causalidade e que a as armas nucleares atuam no máximo como variável interveniente.

Jean-Paul Sartre en colère

by Yan Hamel

Dans PIERSSENS, Michel et Jean-Jacques LEFRÈRE (dir.). Querelles et invectives. Dixième Colloque des Invalides (décembre 2006), Tusson, Éditions Du Lérot, 2007, p. 95-100.

Ce monstre sureuropéen, l’Amérique du Nord. Jean-Paul Sartre, les États-Unis et la Guerre froide

by Yan Hamel

Dans LAROCHELLE, Marie-Hélène (dir.). Monstres et monstrueux littéraires, Québec, Les Presses de l’Université Laval, 2008, p. 71-85.

Westphalia'dan Günümüze Savaş

by Uluslararası İlişkiler

Muzaffer Ercan Yılmaz, "Westphalia'dan Günümüze Savaş", Uluslararası İlişkiler, Cilt 4, Sayı 14 (Yaz), 2007

Bu makale, Westphalia’dan günümüze savaşın uluslararası sistem düzeyinde dinamiklerine ilişkin analitik bir tartışma... more Bu makale, Westphalia’dan günümüze savaşın uluslararası sistem düzeyinde dinamiklerine ilişkin analitik bir tartışma sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda savaşın geçirdiği evrim, Westphalia-İkinci Dünya Savaşı arası dönem, Soğuk Savaş dönemi ve Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönem olmak üzere üç ana dönem temelinde irdelenmektedir. Westphalia’dan Soğuk Savaş’a kadar olan dönemde, değişik örneklere dayanarak, savaşın daha ziyade güç dengesi politikaları çerçevesinde açıklanabileceği belirtilmiştir. Soğuk Savaş döneminde iki kutuplu bir uluslararası sistemin egemen olduğu ve bu dönemin, “çevre” ülkelerdeki çatışmalar dışında, temelde bir barış dönemi olduğuna değinilmiştir. Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde ise savaşın karakterinin değiştiği, devletler arası çatışmalar belirgin bir biçimde azalırken, etnik çatışmalar, terörizm, insan hakları ihlalleri ve daralan kaynaklar üzerine kızışan ekonomik rekabet gibi sorunların barışın asli tehdit kaynaklarını oluşturmaya başladığı vurgulanmıştır.

An 'Instinctive' Clausewitzian? Mandela on War

by Jonathan Hyslop

Forthcoming in Rita Barnard ed., The Cambridge Companion to Mandela (Cambridge University Press)

Berlin dans la Guerre froide (1945-1989)

by Simon Laporte

Berlin soumise depuis le début du printemps 1945 aux assauts des armées soviétiques, commandées par les généraux... more Berlin soumise depuis le début du printemps 1945 aux assauts des armées soviétiques, commandées par les généraux Joukov et Tchouikov (le héros de Stalingrad), cèdent le 1er Mai. Les généraux soviétiques se voient remettre des mains du général allemand Weidling, chargé de la défense de la ville, sa reddition. Le 8 Mai 1945, le IIIe Reich est battu, les hauts dignitaires des armées nazis signent la capitulation sans conditions de l’Allemagne dans leur capitale dévastée. Mais c’est plus avant qu’il nous faut remonter pour découvrir le sort réservé à l’Allemagne. En effet, le 12 Septembre 1944 à Londres fut décidé le sort réservé à celle qui serait vaincue par les forces alliées, l’Allemagne nazie. Ce protocole prévoyait, outre un panel de mesures visant à la neutralisation des forces allemandes, une tripartition de l’Allemagne et de Berlin entre les Britanniques, les Américains et les Soviétiques. A la Conférence de Yalta, Britanniques et Etasuniens convinrent que la France  devait participer à l’occupation de l’Allemagne et collaborer au processus de dénazification, lui offrant l’administration d’une zone d’occupation. Lors du découpage de la zone française, quelques tensions font surface entre les alliés ; les Soviétiques refusent de concéder quelque partie que ce soit des zones dont elle est en charge, obligeant ainsi les britanniques et les Etasuniens à s’amputer d’une partie de leurs zones pour permettre la présence de la France sur le territoire allemand. Dès lors, le partage tripartite de l’Allemagne et de Berlin se fait quadripartition et les Alliés, déjà, commencent à se disputer l’hégémonie sur le continent européen en reconstruction.

The indispensable junior partner

by Helene von Bismarck

op-ed article for the British Scholar Society, March 2012

An analysis of the Anglo-American relationship in the Persian Gulf during the 1960s, written from the perspective of... more An analysis of the Anglo-American relationship in the Persian Gulf during the 1960s, written from the perspective of the US Government.