by Attila Kreiter
Pánczél, P. – Kreiter, A. – Szakmány, Gy. 2012 Kelta kerámiák petrográfiai, XRF, SEM-EDS és CL vizsgálatainak eredményei Bátaszék – Körtvélyes-dűlő lelőhelyről - Petrographic, XRF, SEM-EDS and CL analyses of Celtic ceramics from Bátaszék – Körtvélyes-dűlő. In Kreiter, A. – Pető, Á. – Tugya, B. (szerk): Környezet –Ember –Kultúra: az alkalmazott természettudományok és a régészet párbeszéde - Environment–Human–Culture. Dialogue between applied sciences and archaeology. Budapest: Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, 397-410. (the article is in Hungarian with English abstract)
In this study an archaeometric investigation is carried out on Celtic non-graphitic ceramics from Bátaszék –... more
In this study an archaeometric investigation is carried out on Celtic non-graphitic ceramics from Bátaszék – Körtvélyes-dűlő (also known as Bátaszék – Kálvária-domb). The aim of this study is to characterise the raw materials, in particular the non-plastic inclusions of the ceramics and also to establish the possible provenance of ceramic raw materials. It is also aimed at assessing the production technology of the different vessel types and examining possible relationships between raw materials, tempers and vessel types. By the means of archaeometric analyses we would like to provide an insight in the organisation and mode of Celtic ceramic production. In this study one-hundred and twenty-one ceramic samples and four potential local raw materials were examined by petrographic analysis in details. By the means of X-ray fl uorescence spectroscopy (XRF) the geochemical characteristics of ceramics and local raw materials are assessed. Cathodoluminescence microscopy (CL) was applied to analyse the non-plastic inclusions utilised for tempering the vessels. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDS) was also used to determine the mineral phases observed in CL. The ceramics were grouped according to their non-plastic components revealed by petrographic analysis. The main non-plastic inclusions of the ceramics are quartz (mono- and polycrystalline), feldspar (potash and plagioclase), mica (muscovite and biotite), calcareous inclusions and granitic fragments. Petrographic analysis revealed that the raw materials of the ceramics were very similar. They differ in that one group of
coarse ceramics were tempered with sand that contained granitic fragments while another group of coarse ceramics were tempered with crushed granitic rock fragments. Tempering material was not observed in very fi ne-grained ceramics. The petrographic composition of local sediments agreed well with that of the nonplastic components of the ceramics. The petrographic results were also underlined by the main and trace
element composition of the ceramics and local sediments. A more detailed analysis of non-plastic inclusions by CL showed that the raw materials used for tempering the ceramics have similar luminosity to that type of inclusions in the local sediments. According to the Scanning Electron Microscopic analysis the composition of mineral phases with similar luminosity in the ceramics and local sediments were similar. The results suggest that the ceramics were most probably locally made from local raw materials although specialization could be
identifi ed in the very fi ne-grained wheel made vessels and in the case of granitic-tempered wheel made and handmade vessels.
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