Building Surveying

Service robots for restoration of goods of cultural heritage

by Michela Cigola

Ceccarelli M., Cigola M., Service robots for restoration of goods of cultural heritage in Service Robots and Robotics: Design and Application edited by di M. Ceccarelli, published by IGI Global Hershey, Pennsylvania (USA) 2012; pp. 213-228. ISBN 978-1-4666-0291-5 (hardcover) - ISBN 978-1-4666-0292-2 (ebook); DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0291-5.ch012

Preservation and benefit of goods of Cultural Heritage need careful activity of survey and restoration that can be... more Preservation and benefit of goods of Cultural Heritage need careful activity of survey and restoration that can be understood as service tasks for suitable robotic systems. New service robots can be conceived once the specificity of the application in Cultural Heritage area for architectural goods is carefully considered both with technical aspects and from operators viewpoints. In particular, in this chapter no technical aspects are also discussed as fundamental for the acceptance and use by no-technical operators in the new field of service robot application for survey and restoration of architectonic goods of Cultural Heritage value. Examples are illustrated from authors’ experience with the aim to stress the problems and challenges in applications for service robotic systems in Cultural Heritage frames.

Cistercian Architecture in the L 'Aquila region of the Abruzzi. Measurements, geometries, proportions

by Stefano Brusaporci

BRUSAPORCI S (2012). Architetture cistercensi nell'Abruzzo aquilano. Misure, geometrie, proporzioni. DISEGNARE IDEE IMMAGINI, vol. 43/2011, p. 36-45, ISSN: 1123-9247

The study focuses on Cistercian constructions in the L'Aquila region, in particular churches where the original layout... more The study focuses on Cistercian constructions in the L'Aquila region, in particular churches where the original layout was still recognisable: the abbey of Santo Spirito d'Ocre, Santa Maria ad Cryptas in Fossa and San Pellegrino in Bominaco. An integrated architectural survey, was carried on all three. The study highlights the special features of the buildings vis-à-vis their surroundings and how they were influenced by both narional and local culture. Metrology reveals the presence recurrent measurement and suggests that workmen could have played a key role in building fortifications in the region. Proportional analyses reveal the use of harmonic ratios and geometries reminiscent of Bernhardt's plan - ad quadratum and ad triangulum – as well as a 3 to 4 ratio between the measurements classified by Hahn. Based on the studies, theories are
developed regarding the construction process.

Digital Survey for Cultural Heritage Safeguard:Saint John Tower in Enna (2011)

by Cettina Santagati

co-autored with Mariateresa Galizia
published in Karel Pavelka (editor) XXIII. CIPA Symposium Prague 12-16 settembre ISBN 978-80-01-04885-6.

La carta del rischio. Il progetto pilota di Taormina (2008)

by Cettina Santagati

Giuseppe Di Gregorio, Mariateresa Galizia, Mariangela Liuzzo, Cettina Santagati, La carta del rischio. Il progetto pilota di Taormina, in Carmine Gambardella, Massimo Giovannini, Sabina Martuscello (a cura di) “Le vie dei mercanti. Rappresentare il Mediterraneo” Atti del quinto forum internazionale di studi Capri 14-15-16 giugno 2007. La scuola di Pitagora editrice ISBN 978-88-89579-53-4

Il rilievo per la conoscenza del costruito.

by Michela Cigola

Cigola M., Il rilievo per la conoscenza del costruito, in AA.VV., Metodi e tecniche della rappresentazione. Cassino 2001; pp. 15-38

A Robot application for analysis, survey and conservation of historical architectures.

by Michela Cigola

Cigola M., Ceccarelli M., A Robot application for analysis, survey and conservation of historical architectures in Robotics and Automation in Construction, edited by C. Balaguer & M Abderrahin, I-Tech Educational and Publishing KG Vienna,  2008; Cap. 20, pp. 328-354. ISBN 978-953-7619-13-8.

Rilevamento architettonico e robotica: nuove frontiere dell’innovazione tecnologica per l’analisi, lo studio e la tutela dell’architettura storica.

by Michela Cigola

Cigola M., rilevamento architettonico e robotica: nuove frontiere dell’innovazione tecnologica per l’analisi, lo studio e la tutela dell’architettura storica, in Rappresentazione e formazione – tra ricerca e didattica. Collana di studi e ricerche sul disegno dell’architettura e dell’ambiente, vol. 4, Roma 2008; pp. 127-140. ISBN 978-88-548-1633-6.

Architectural survey and robotics: new frontiers in study, preservation and restoration of Historical Sites.

by Michela Cigola

Cigola M., Architectural survey and Robotics: new frontiers in study, preservation and restoration of historical sites in Proceedings di IMProVE 2011, International Conference on Innovative Methods in Product Design; Padova, Libreria Cortina 2011; pag 147 e CD. ISBN 978-887784-328-9.

Disegni di progetto per la riconfigurazione di un tessuto urbano. Project drawings to reconfigure an urban fabric; public residencial housing projects in the early twentieth century in Cassino.

by Michela Cigola

Pelliccio A, Cigola M., DISEGNI DI PROGETTO PER LA RICONFIGURAZIONE DI UN TESSUTO URBANO, in Disegnare. Idee, immagini, anno XVI n. 30, dicembre 2005; pp. 32-41. ISBN 88-7448-819-X

The Basilica of saint Crisogono in Rome. La Basilica di san Crisogono in Roma.

by Michela Cigola

Cigola M., LA BASILICA DI SAN CRISOGONO IN ROMA, estratto dalla Tesi di Specializzazione pubblicato sul volume Dieci tesi di Restauro (1982-1985), a cura di G. Carbonara e F.I. Pietrafitta, Roma 1987; pp. 108-127.

Analisi, documentazione e rilievo della Basilica di S. Crisogono a Trastevere, in Roma con l'ausilio di documenti... more Analisi, documentazione e rilievo della Basilica di S. Crisogono a Trastevere, in Roma con l'ausilio di documenti storici testuali e grafici.

Progressing the Rights to Light Debate, Part 3: Judicial Attitudes to Current Practice

by Paul Chynoweth

ABSTRACT

Purpose – The paper examines judicial attitudes to current surveying practice in rights to light... more ABSTRACT

Purpose – The paper examines judicial attitudes to current surveying practice in rights to light disputes. It tests the assumption that the use of the Waldram methodology is endorsed by the courts and seeks to establish whether, despite its acknowledged limitations, its continued use can be justified on this basis.

Design / Methodology / Approach – Analysis of reported judgments.

Findings – Neither the fifty-fifty rule, nor any other aspect of the Waldram methodology, has the status of a rule of law, or is otherwise approved of by the courts. On the contrary, the methodology has been the subject of judicial criticism. Although the courts frequently rely on the expert evidence presented to them, they have consistently expressed disquiet over aspects of the methodology. Particular concerns have been expressed over its inability to cater for the effects of sunlight and externally reflected light, on its dependence on internal room design, and on its failure to distinguish task illumination from general room lighting. There is also no indication that the judiciary are aware of the extent to which the Waldram threshold of adequate illuminance falls short of that prescribed by contemporary standards. The paper concludes that the courts’ attitudes to the Waldram methodology cannot therefore justify its continued use by surveyors, either when acting in the capacity of expert witness, or when  advising clients who may be contemplating litigation in a rights to light dispute.

Research limitations/ implications – Makes a further contribution to the debate, started in this journal in 2000, about the future of surveying practice in rights to light disputes.

Practical implications – Places new information in the public domain which has implications for judges in future rights to light cases, and for the professional liability of surveyors when advising clients in contemplation of possible rights to light litigation.

Originality / value – Presents the first comprehensive analysis of judicial attitudes to modern rights to light surveying practice since its introduction in the early part of the 20th century.

Keywords – Buildings, Easements, Law, Light, Measurement, Disputes.

Paper Type – Research paper.

INTERESTED IN USING THIS PAPER AS EVIDENCE IN COURT? Please contact me at p.chynoweth@salford.ac.uk

Progressing the Rights to Light Debate, Part 2: The Grumble Point Revisited

by Paul Chynoweth

Winner, Emerald Literati “Outstanding Paper” Award 2006

ABSTRACT

Purpose – The paper examines the origins of the so-called “grumble point” (a sky factor of 0.2... more ABSTRACT

Purpose – The paper examines the origins of the so-called “grumble point” (a sky factor of 0.2 per cent) as the measure of daylight adequacy in rights to light disputes. It seeks to identify the rationale, and underlying scientific basis, for the adoption of this standard in the early 20th century.

Design / Methodology / Approach – Analysis of archive materials.

Findings – The use of the 0.2 per cent standard does not appear to be based on empirical investigations involving human perceptions of adequate light. No evidence exists of the investigations reputedly undertaken by Percy Waldram during the early 20th century. Waldram’s own writings suggest that the standard began as a “rule of thumb” and was only later justified by reference to other independent reports. These generally do not support the use of the standard and, in any event, were soon superseded by other reports which concluded that it was too low. There is a lack of reliable evidence to justify the original adoption of the 0.2 per cent figure and many of the assumptions underpinning modern rights to light practice are found to be based on inaccurate information.

Research limitations/ implications – Continues the debate, started in this journal in 2000, about the future of surveying practice in rights to light disputes.

Practical implications – Places new information in the public domain which has implications for the professional liability of surveyors advising clients in rights to light cases.

Originality / value – Presents the first investigation into the original scientific basis for modern rights to light practice since its introduction in the early part of the 20th century.

Keywords – Buildings, Easements, Light, Measurement, Disputes.

Paper Type – Research paper.

INTERESTED IN USING THIS PAPER AS EVIDENCE IN COURT? Please contact me at p.chynoweth@salford.ac.uk

Progressing the Rights to Light Debate, Part 1: A Review of Current Practice

by Paul Chynoweth

Recipient, Emerald Literati “Highly Commended Paper” Award 2005

ABSTRACT

Introduces a series of articles which respond to Pitts’ (2000) call for a debate into current... more ABSTRACT

Introduces a series of articles which respond to Pitts’ (2000) call for a debate into current rights to light practice. Summarises relevant areas of law as well as current measurement and valuation practices in this area. Describes the Waldram methodology, the grumble point, the fifty-fifty rule and the concept of Equivalent First Zone Loss. Shows how these concepts are used to determine the amount of damages payable where a right to light has been infringed. Calls for others to contribute to the debate proposed by Pitts.

INTERESTED IN PROVIDING RIGHTS TO LIGHT SURVEYING SERVICES? Please contact me at p.chynoweth@salford.ac.uk.

Construction research: a field of application

by Will Hughes

Hughes, W.P. (1999) Construction research: a field of application.  Australian Institute of Building Papers, 9, 51-58.

Research in construction management is diverse in content and in quality.  There is much to be learned from more... more Research in construction management is diverse in content and in quality.  There is much to be learned from more fundamental disciplines.  Construction is a sub-set of human experience rather than a completely separate phenomenon.  Therefore, it is likely that there are few problems in construction requiring the invention of a completely new theory.  If construction researchers base their work only on that of other construction researchers, our academic community will become less relevant to the world at large.  The theories that we develop or test must be of wider applicability to be of any real interest.  In undertaking research, researchers learn a lot about themselves.  Perhaps the only difference between research and education is that if we are learning about something which no-one else knows, then it is research, otherwise it is education.  Self-awareness of this will help to reduce the chances of publishing work which only reveals a researcher’s own learning curve.  Scientific method is not as simplistic as non-scientists claim and is the only real way of overcoming methodological weaknesses in our work.  The reporting of research may convey the false impression that it is undertaken in the sequence in which it is written.  Construction is not so unique and special as to require a completely different set of methods from other fields of enquiry.  Until our research is reported in mainstream journals and conferences, there is little chance that we will influence the wider academic community and a concomitant danger that it will become irrelevant.  The most useful insights will come from research which challenges the current orthodoxy rather than research which merely reports it.