BIM (Architecture)

Applying ISO-Space to Healthcare Facility Design Evaluation Reports

by Leon Derczynski

This paper describes preliminary work on the spatial annotation of textual reports about healthcare facility design to... more This paper describes preliminary work on the spatial annotation of textual reports about healthcare facility design to support the long-term goal linking of report content to a three-dimensional building model. Emerging semantic annotation standards enable formal description of multiple types of discourse information. In this instance, we investigate the application of a spatial semantic annotation standard at the building-interior level, where most prior applications have been at inter-city or street level. Working with a small corpus of design evaluation documents, we have begun to apply the ISO-Space specification to annotate spatial information in healthcare facility design evaluation reports. These reports present an opportunity to explore semantic annotation of spatial language in a novel situation. We describe our application scenario, report on the sorts of spatial language found in design evaluation reports, discuss issues arising when applying ISO-Space to building-level entities and propose possible extensions to ISO-Space to address the issues encountered.

Applying Web Services Within the AEC Industry: Enabling Semantic Searching and Information Exchange Through the Digital Linking of the Knowledge Base

by Michael Donn

ΧΩΡΟΣ_ΧΡΟΝΟΣ_ΧΡΗΜΑ

by Georgios Anagnostopoulos

Building Information Management & Revit

In recent years, architects and construction professionals around the world are dealing with a paradigm shift... more In recent years, architects and construction professionals around the world are dealing with a paradigm shift regarding work-sharing and management of information about buildings.

This paradigm shift questions the architect’s established(?) role and status, placing the very architecture of the design procedure in the center of attention. Herein, a particular way of viewing buildings as building-products of such procedures is presented. Consequently, we investigate the redefinition of spatial, temporal, and financial relations in a differentiated professional environment of information and ultimately of knowledge and comprehension of the architectural-constructional project.

The subject is basically divided into three parts. A general investigation of Building Information Management/Modeling consists the first part, analysis of Revit, a popular BIM software, consists the second part, and a reduction to IFC, a software-independent modeling standard roughly similar to an ISO for the industry of digital constructional documentation, consists the third part.

Tool for Benchmarking BIM Performance of Design, Engineering and Construction Firms in The Netherlands

by Léon van Berlo

ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING AND DESIGN MANAGEMENT,  2010, VOLUME 6 page 254–263

Building information modelling (BIM) is becoming more and more important to manage complex communication
and... more Building information modelling (BIM) is becoming more and more important to manage complex communication
and information sharing processes in collaborative building projects. A growing number of design, engineering
and construction firms have made attempts to adopt BIM to enhance their services and products. However,
there remain many uncertainties in the implementation strategies and actual performance. Neither the
success nor the bottleneck can be justified objectively since there is no common benchmarking for firms that
are applying BIM. This article describes applied research to generate an instrument for benchmarking BIM
performance. The instrument aims to provide insight into the current BIM performance level of design,
engineering and construction firms. The purpose is to justify the qualification of the parties to be
commissioned for projects, as well as to raise awareness and establish a common strategy for innovation
through BIM. The benchmarking instrument is based on a quick scan method. It combines quantitative and
qualitative assessments of the ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ aspects of BIM. The use of this instrument by BIM consultants
in the Netherlands has taken place since early 2010.

LEAN + IPD + BIM: desarrollo de una metodología de gestión efectiva al diseño proyectual en arquitectura

by José Luis Ponz Tienda

2010
Msc. Thesis Sergio Marín García
Tutor, Jose Luis Ponz Tienda

REDACCIÓN AUTOMATIZADA DE PROYECTOS TÉCNICOS. APLICACIÓN A UN CASO CONCRETO

by José Luis Ponz Tienda

2011
PFC E.T.S. DE INGENIERÍA DE EDIFICACIÓN
Autor: Antonio Olmo Esparza.
Tutor: José Luis Ponz Tienda

LEAN + IPD + BIM. DESARROLLO DE UN MODELO INTEGRAL DE GESTIÓN AL DISEÑO PROYECTUAL EN ARQUITECTURA

by José Luis Ponz Tienda

2011
MsC Thesis MARÍN GARCÍA, SERGIO
Tutor: José Luis Ponz Tienda

J. Suárez Otero (2010), Digging in a Medieval Cathedral: History of the Archaeological Research in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.

by José Suárez Otero

Lecture in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, november 14, 2010)

Updated english version of: SUÁREZ OTERO, J. (1999), La Tumba de Santiago, entre la Fe y la Arqueología, in VV.AA., Compostela na Historia. Redescubrimento- rexurdimento (Santiago), 15- 22.

BIM TEACHING: CURRENT INTERNATIONAL TRENDS

by Maria Bernardete Barison

Co-authored with SANTOS, E. T. published in 'Design Design Management & Technology [ISSN 1981-1543]

A large number of companies throughout the world are carrying out projects that involve BIM processes. These companies... more A large number of companies throughout the world are carrying out projects that involve BIM processes. These companies require professional employees who are able to work effectively on projects undertaken with BIM. Several universities have been running a wide range of courses to meet this demand and provide students with experience on this new paradigm. However, this learning experience is relatively new and based on a pedagogical system that has not yet been consolidated. This study draws on a review of the international literature and an investigation of BIM teaching practices to provide a summary of current trends observed in the area. An attempt is made to address the main obstacles encountered with BIM teaching, as well as to give examples of how to overcome them and introduce new strategies at introductory, intermediary and advanced levels. We suggest partnerships between universities and industry..
Keywords: BIM Education; BIM Teaching; BIM Curriculum; Building Information Modeling; BIM Manager.

Ingegneri al servizio di ingegneri: i nuovi “attrezzisti” digitali per i progettisti delle costruzioni.

by Simone Garagnani

Published in e-zine "Ingegneri.CC - Tecnica, cultura, progetto", Maggioli Editore, n.11/2010, pagg. 8-9, ISSN 2036-3311.

Il termine “ingenius”, dal latino tardo medievale, qualifica etimologicamente l’ingegnere come colui che intuisce... more Il termine “ingenius”, dal latino tardo medievale, qualifica etimologicamente l’ingegnere come colui che intuisce concetti mentali e li gestisce mediante macchine.
Non è pertanto una novità che i professionisti del congegno si dedichino alla fabbricazione di strumenti per agevolare il lavoro di colleghi appartenenti al proprio settore di interesse, reinventando la professione dell’ingegnere come quella di un moderno “attrezzista”. Nel campo dell’edilizia questa attitudine si manifesta spesso, attraverso professionisti che mettono a disposizione i loro strumenti quasi artigianali soprattutto informatici (come dimostrano i numerosi fogli di calcolo reperibili in rete), o più compiutamente con ingegneri che diventano imprenditori di software house più o meno verticalizzate su campi specifici di indagine, distribuendo i propri prodotti su licenza commerciale od open source. Tuttavia questa tendenza è solamente figlia della crisi, oppure la figura dell’ingegnere “attrezzista digitale” è indispensabile per garantire il reperimento di strumenti affidabili e di qualità?

Interoperabilità dei software d’ingegneria: un problema ancora aperto.

by Simone Garagnani

Published in e-zine "Ingegneri.CC - Tecnica, Cultura, progetto", Maggioli Editore, n.14/2011, pagg. 9-12, ISSN 2036-3311.

Nella costruzione di un edificio, la collaborazione tra le figure professionali coinvolte è fondamentale, pertanto lo... more Nella costruzione di un edificio, la collaborazione tra le figure professionali coinvolte è fondamentale, pertanto lo scambio reciproco di informazioni e decisioni deve essere il più possibile rapido e disambiguo, indipendentemente dagli strumenti adottati dai diversi attori. La problematica dell’interscambio conoscitivo tra figure provenienti da differenti formazioni professionali e culturali si può affrontare evitando per quanto possibile l’informazione implicita e sfruttando le tecnologie informatiche che permettono la condivisione di elementi progettuali, preparati con software differenti per finalità o per scelta commerciale. Sistemi e protocolli sono stati predisposti a questo scopo, pur manifestando ancora limiti di non facile superabilità.

L’architettura sostenibile: vantaggi e limiti del modello LEED come strumento di qualità per il progetto in Italia. Il Liljeholmstorget a Stoccolma, in classe Platinum e considerazioni a margine del modello LEED

by Simone Garagnani

Published in e-zine "Ingegneri.CC - Tecnica, cultura, progetto", Maggioli Editore, n.9/2010, pagg. 3-10, ISSN 2036-3311.

Dal 14 aprile di quest’anno è possibile anche nel nostro Paese utilizzare LEED Italia 2009, il sistema statunitense di... more Dal 14 aprile di quest’anno è possibile anche nel nostro Paese utilizzare LEED Italia 2009, il sistema statunitense di certificazione “Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design” che assegna un riconoscimento alle performance virtuose
degli edifici, giungendo all’attribuzione della classe “Platinum” alle eccellenze, come è accaduto per il Liljeholmstorget a Stoccolma, primo centro commerciale in Europa ad aver raggiunto la prestigiosa valutazione come risultato degli sforzi dei progettisti dello studio Equator Stockholm AB. Il sistema LEED tuttavia presenta ancora diverse criticità, soprattutto per quella che potrebbe essere la sua applicazione al patrimonio
edilizio del nostro Paese, dove valutare il comportamento degli edifici esistenti da ristrutturare o andare oltre alle speculazioni progettuali certificando le modalità costruttive in opera, non sembrano ancora obiettivi alla portata del metodo, seppure
esso abbia costituito un passo importante verso l’attenzione che i progettisti debbono porre sui temi della sostenibilità.

La nuova estetica del costruito e la ricerca della qualità. Integrazione di aspetti complessi nel progetto edilizio, mediante strumenti di archiviazione digitale

by Simone Garagnani

Published in e-zine "Ingegneri.CC - Tecnica, Cultura, progetto", Maggioli Editore, n.1/2008, pagg. 8-10, ISSN 2036-3311

La sfida dell’ingegneria delle costruzioni è da sempre il miglioramento della qualità della vita. L’umanizzazionemore La sfida dell’ingegneria delle costruzioni è da sempre il miglioramento della qualità della vita. L’umanizzazione
dell’ambiente costruito è importante, ma non può essere raggiunta senza considerazioni estetiche nel flusso di
progetto, dove coniugare differenti saperi all’utilizzo di strumenti moderni capaci di gestire interattivamente le fasi del
percorso edilizio. Ciò può condurre al raggiungimento della qualità, intesa come una moltitudine di aspetti gestibili dal
professionista del settore anche mediante programmi digitali.

Strumenti digitali per la modellazione d'architettura

by Simone Garagnani

Co-authored with Roberto Mingucci

Building Information Modeling: la tecnologia digitale al servizio del progetto di architettura

by Simone Garagnani

Co-authored with Stefano Cinti Luciani and Roberto Mingucci

Unpacking the "Chinese box": managing knowledge in architectural digital models

by Simone Garagnani

Published in ICERI2010 Proceedings (International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation), Madrid, 2010, ISBN 978-84-614-2439-9.

Wide uptake of digital drafting techniques shapes part of a generalized praxis today, almost in all universities... more Wide uptake of digital drafting techniques shapes part of a generalized praxis today, almost in all universities involved in teaching engineering and architecture. The design activity has been deeply transformed due to advances in technology, soundly changing how students today and professionals
tomorrow develop their documentation even if the construction industry is notoriously reluctant towards not proven shifts. The proposed research is based on a teaching and Ph.D. work lasted three years, ended with production of digital models intended as graphical and alphanumerical architecturaldedicated
informative systems, layered into the "Chinese box" paradigm. The integrated model’s structure in architecture is bound to the building’s logical deconstruction and embedded information
can be looked up with several software interfaces by different actors involved in survey and fabrication process, from architects to engineers, from students to professionals, in order to share knowledge about the built environment. Each analytical aspect implies a nested model refinement, producing
evolutionary steps from synthesis (processing of geometry) to reduction (preparation for analysis) and finally projection (visualization on various devices and environments). In order to quantify the effectiveness of a digital model, in observance to the purposes for which it has been generated, each
value previously isolated has been characterized as an improvement in complexity, affecting the Complication Ratio (Rc, from Italian expression rapporto di complessità), a numerical value derived from auto-similarity and fractal mathematic, portrayed by a recursive modification of morphologies and contents. Increasing their Complication Ratios, models are qualified as progressive knowledge-based
catalogues generated by different software, from scripted C.A.A.D. (Computer Aided Architectural Design) to parametric B.I.M. (Building Information Modelling), easily interchangeable among actors and extremely useful to understand how existing architecture works or imagined one could be.

Packing the “Chinese box”: a strategy to manage knowledge using architectural digital models

by Simone Garagnani

Published in Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia CAADRIA / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 717-726, 2011.

The architectural design activity has been transformed due
to technological advances in building knowledge... more The architectural design activity has been transformed due
to technological advances in building knowledge management. The research proposed is based on a three years long Ph.D. work on 3D models intended as graphical informative systems, layered according to the "Chinese box" paradigm and destined to professionals and researchers in architecture. The applied case study is referred to San Vitale’s church in Ravenna, Italy: the monument was investigated through nested digital models produced by different computer programs.
Passing through evolutionary steps identified as synthesis, reduction and projection, the resulting archive lowered its Complication Ratio, a numerical value inspired by fractal’s auto-similarity, indicating a recursive modification in morphologies and contents. Models so conceived are qualified as progressive knowledge-based catalogues easily interchangeable and useful to understand how new or existing
architectures work. As a result of this approach, representations obtained with surveys, historical chronicles, light analysis and acoustic simulations were composed following gradual refinements: technical data were collected running parallel to bibliographic research, enriching interactive virtual models sprung from a recursive criterion destined to increase the information enclosed into an undivided, lossless, digital archive.

Building Information Modelling framework: a research and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders

by Bilal Succar

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expansive knowledge domain within the Architecture, Engineering,... more Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expansive knowledge domain within the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) industry. To allow a systematic investigation of BIM'sdivergent fields, its knowledge components must be defined and expanding boundaries delineated. This paper explores some of the publicly available international guidelines and introduces the BIM Framework, aresearch and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders. This is a ‘scene-setting’ paper identifying many conceptual parts (fields, stages, steps and lenses), providing examples of their application and listing some of the Framework's deliverables. This paper also identifies and deploys visual knowledge models and a specialised ontology to represent domain concepts and their relations.

Succar, B. (2009). Building information modelling framework: A research and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders. Automation in Construction, 18(3), 357-375.

The Five Components of BIM Performance Measurement

by Bilal Succar

Presented as part of W096 and W078 at 2010 CIB World Congress in Salford (UK), May 11th-13th.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expansive knowledge domain within the Design, Construction and Operation... more Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expansive knowledge domain within the Design, Construction and Operation (DCO) industry . The voluminous possibilities attributed to BIM represent an array of challenges that can be met through a systematic research and delivery framework spawning a set of performance assessment and improvement metrics. This paper identifies five complementary components specifically developed to enable such assessment: [1] BIM Capability Stages representing transformational milestones along the implementation continuum [2] BIM Maturity Levels representing the quality, predictability and variability within BIM Stages, [3] BIM Competencies representing incremental progressions towards and improvements within BIM Stages, [4] Organisational Scales representing the diversity of markets, disciplines and company sizes and [5] Granularity Levels enabling highly-targeted yet flexible performance analyses ranging from informal self-assessment to high-detail, formal organisational audits. This paper explores these complementary components and positions them as a systematic method to understand BIM performance and to enable its assessment and improvement.

Spatial Query and Object Recognition to Support 3D Digital Building Model Use

by Andre Chaszar

prepared for and presented at the18th EG-ICE International Workshop

Intelligent Computing in Engineering (ICE11)
University of Twente, The Netherlands
6th to 8th July 2011

http://www.utwente.nl/ctw/eg-ice/

In AEC practice as well as in academic settings the use of 3-dimensional digital building models is becoming... more In AEC practice as well as in academic settings the use of 3-dimensional digital building models is becoming increasingly prevalent, and the models used tend to be increasingly large and complex. While the use of such models is to some extent enabling collaborative processes of design, analysis, communication and decision-making which were not feasible previously - when analog and 2D digital representations were the norm - it has been widely observed that the use of these 3D models also poses some significant difficulties, particularly regarding the exchange of models in multi-party, multi-disciplinary design processes. The types of and reasons for these difficulties are numerous and varied, but the one of specific interest here concerns the ways in which the data contained in these models is organized and retrieved. The present paper addresses these two interlinked issues and proposes some improvements to the current state of affairs by way of geometric-content-based methods for analyzing and querying the model objects, which can complement the existing text- and other assigned-attribute-based methods commonly employed. Some basic considerations regarding geometric-content-based search and classification are presented, followed by description of tests carried out to assess the implementation of some proposed methods and discussion of the test results' implications for further work in this area.