Attitudes (Social Psychology)

The propensity to share space with other unknown passengers: an attitude dimension affecting mobility behavior?

by Giulio Mattioli

CYCLE OF BLAME OR JUST WORLD.: Effects of Legal Verdicts on Gender Patterns in Rape-Myth Acceptance and Victim Empathy

by H. Colleen Sinclair

Knowledge and Attitude of HIV/AIDS Infection among Medical Students

by IJCRIMPH Journal

Student pictures of feedback: Feedback is for learning and from teachers

by Gavin Brown

Paper presented at the April 2012 AERA Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association conference, Vancouver, BC to the Classroom Assessment SIG.

recommended citation
Harris, L. R., Brown, G. T. L., & Harnett, J. (2012, April). Student pictures of feedback: Feedback is for learning and from teachers. Paper accepted for presentation at the 2012 AERA Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association conference, Vancouver, BC.

Introduction: Feedback is a key facet of classroom assessment as it gives information that potentially supports... more Introduction: Feedback is a key facet of classroom assessment as it gives information that potentially supports learning progress. However, data about student perceptions of feedback are not prevalent in the literature. This paper provides insights into how students understand and experience feedback.
Methods: Students (N=193; female=110, male=81), from 13 classes in 11 Auckland region schools, drew pictures of feedback as part of a larger survey. These pictures were content analyzed. Four major categories were identified (i.e., form of feedback, content of feedback, emotional impact of feedback, and student’s response to feedback). Inter-rater agreement on assignment of drawing to subcategories was good (κ=.86).
Results and Discussion: Students are committed to the notion that feedback contributes to growth in learning and that teachers are a legitimate (and primary) source of usable and valid feedback. The dominance of teacher-led practices in the pictures indicates there is not universal commitment to a pure student-led form of Assessment for Learning. It seems students are positive about the benefit of feedback for their learning, even when considering results (e.g., marks, scores, grades) as part of feedback. Since behavior in response to feedback (rather than beliefs about nature of feedback) are most critical for feedback to have a learning effect, more research is needed to investigate how students actually use feedback and what happens if feedback is interpreted incorrectly. Nonetheless, despite a strong policy push for student-led assessment as part of New Zealand's Assessment for Learning agenda, students’ conceptions of feedback remain centered more around teacher feedback than peer- and self-feedback, raising questions about the policy's validity and its implementation.

‘What blokes want lesbians to be’: On FHM and the socialization of pro-lesbian attitudes among heterosexualidentified men

by Peter Hegarty

Keywords
attitudes, discourse, heteroflexibility, lad magazines, lesbians, stereotypes

We develop a critique of the social psychological hypothesis that media images of
women engaged in same-sex... more We develop a critique of the social psychological hypothesis that media images of
women engaged in same-sex activity have a positive effect on heterosexual men’s general
attitudes to lesbians. A content analysis suggests that British print media usually
represent lesbians either in news stories that also include gay men, or in entertainment
stories. In focus groups, both gay and straight men were presented with photographs of
‘heteroflexible’ representations from the ‘lad mag’ FHM and photographs of ‘real’ lesbians
from Gay Times. Men were asked to define what made a woman a real lesbian.
Straight men rejected the formulation that there was a single ‘stereotype’ of lesbians in
favor of the claim that the FHM images did not represent real lesbians. Gay men came to
agree that the heteroflexible women were not identified as lesbian. Our analysis suggests
that both gay and straight men perform bounded sexual identities in response to
heteroflexible images which are scripted to be attractive to heterosexual men.

Reconciliation and Peace Economics in Cyprus

by Kate Flynn

Final report for EU/EuropeAid funded project, April 2010 - Feb. 2012

Co-authored with project team: T. King, D. Braddon & C. Dadomo (UWE)
Further project assistance provided by K. McCartan (UWE)

The entire content of this report is copyright of the University of the West of England, Bristol, UK - © The University of the West of England 2012. All rights reserved. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than for personal and educational use only.

DISCLAIMER: The text compiled in this publication, including the terminology used, is the sole responsibility of the... more DISCLAIMER: The text compiled in this publication, including the terminology used, is the sole responsibility of the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK as one of the beneficiaries of the EU-funded project ‘Reconciliation and Peace Economics in Cyprus’ (EuropeAid Cypriot Civil Society in Action II Programme). In no way can the contents of this publication be attributed to the European Commission. The EU does not recognise the ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’ but only the Republic of Cyprus, its Member State. Article 1 (3) of Council Regulation 389/2006 applies which reads: ‘The granting of such assistance shall not imply recognition of any public authority in the areas other than the Government of the Republic of Cyprus’.

Előítéletek Europában, intolerancia Magyarországon

by G.Márkus György

Egy európai -- nyolc országra kiterjedő -- projekt eredményeiből kiindulva az előítéletesség terjedésének és... more Egy európai -- nyolc országra kiterjedő -- projekt eredményeiből kiindulva az előítéletesség terjedésének és magyarországi intenzitásának okaira kérdezünk rá.

Cross-National and Cross-Ethnic Differences in Attitudes: A Case of Luxembourg

by Miloš Kankaraš

Kankaraš, M. & Moors, G. (in press). Cross-National and Cross-Ethnic Differences in Political and Leisure Attitudes. A Case of Luxemburg. Cross-Cultural Research, Sage.

Minorities’ attitudes can be compared to attitudes of fellow citizen within the host country as well as to attitudes... more Minorities’ attitudes can be compared to attitudes of fellow citizen within the host country as well as to attitudes of the motherland. Given the heterogeneity of Luxembourg’s minority groups, this country is a relevant example case in which the comparison needs to involve answering a two-folded question. First we analyze the level of measurement equivalence, i.e. the extent to which different groups can be compared. Secondly, we examine whether ethnic-cultural groups within Luxembourg resemble citizens from their native country more than their country of residence. Using EVS-data from 2008 we demonstrate different types of outcomes. Results indicate that cultural background is more important than national context in the case of culturally more distant minorities to Luxembourg’s resident population, and that national setting is the prevailing factor when minorities are from neighboring countries. The effect of a common national setting is also important with regards to the issue of measurement equivalence, where it contributes to greater comparability of intra-national, cross-ethnic comparisons.

The Image of Yugoslavia among Post-Yugoslav Youth

by Andrej Kirbis

Co-authored with Sergej Flere, published in Südosteuropa 59(3), 330–348.

This article discusses the results of a cross-cultural survey regarding the perception of Yugoslavia among social... more This article discusses the results of a cross-cultural survey regarding the perception of Yugoslavia among social sicence students in former Yugoslav countries. A favourable attitude
toward the former Yugoslavia was detected in Montenegro, Macedonia and in both bosnian entities. The resolutely negative perception of Yugoslavia prevailing in Kosovo and Croatia
has to do with a long-term commitment to independence among Kosovo-Albanians and Croats. The rather reserved stance towards Yugoslavia among Serbs is a historical novelty.
Pro-Yugoslav attitudes generally correlated positively with individuals inclined toward a leftist ideological identification and economic egalitarianism, whereas such associations were
not found for those who identify with authoritarianism and traditionalism. The Slovenian and Croatian samples support this finding while the Serbian and Macedonian samples associate
pro-Yugoslav attitudes with authoritarianism. This reflects differences in the perception of Yugoslavia in various environments. it was likewise found that significant variation exists among attitudes regarding the political natures of the present states and the hypothetical renewal of Yugoslavia.

Analiza discursului şi studiul atitudinilor: o introducere în psihologia socială discursivă

by Cristian Tileaga

The Strategic Planning Attitude Scale: A Study of Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses

by Halil Eksi

Nuri BALOĞLU, Engin KARADAĞ, Hasan KARAMAN
Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice
8 (2) • May 2008 • 429-437

The aim of this study was to develop a scale measuring attitudes toward strategic
planning for primary and... more The aim of this study was to develop a scale measuring attitudes toward strategic
planning for primary and secondary school administrators. In the research, 498 school
administrators (77 females, 421 males; 140 principles, 56 vice and 302 assistant administrators)
consisted of the sampling group in three districts of Istanbul/Turkey
according to the three different income levels. Study was completed at eight steps:
(i) items were consisted, (ii) the study of content validation , (iii) the study of itemtotal
point and item-remainder correlations, (iv) defining item-discrimination, (v)
defining structure validation [(a) exploratory factor analysis, (b) confirmatory factor
analysis (vi) defining Cronbach Alpha coefficient, (vii) correlations between sub-scales
and (viii) the level of confidence was explained with the method of test retest.
Item- total point and item-remainder correlations of the scale were found to be statistically
significant. Item discrimination index was significant at the level of p < .01
for all items and they were found significant for sub and top 27% group meanings.
As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was observed that the scale had a five-
factor structure. The subscales are named as (i) Organizational Development, (ii)
Distrust, (iii) Productivity, (iv) Efficiency and (v) Resistance. Factor loadings of the
sub-scales ranged from .41 to .87. Self value of scale was 20.33 and percent of variance
explained was 58.11. Result of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the value
of chi-square (X2) and level of statically meaningful were enough for model suggested.
Cronbach alpha coefficients of subscales ranged from .72 to .94 and for the
total scale, it was .82. The test-retest coefficients ranged from .70 to .87. Findings
showed that the scale had high internal consistency and validity in measuring the attitudes
of school administrators towards strategic planning.

Personal and Societal Attitudes to Disability

by Simon Darcy

Daruwalla, P. S., & Darcy, S. (2005). Personal and Societal Attitudes to Disability. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 549-570. 

Abstract: The research addresses theoretical and conceptual frameworks dealing with the formation and change of... more Abstract: The research addresses theoretical and conceptual frameworks dealing with the formation and change of attitudes, cognitive dissonance, positive and negative prejudice, the concept of ‘‘spread’’, overt and covert attitudes and their formation, and the nexus between attitudes and behavior toward disability. Two attitude scales—the interaction with disabled persons and the scale of attitudes toward disabled persons—are reviewed and results of two studies are presented. Major findings are that it is easier to change societal attitudes than personal attitudes. Additionally, the use of contact with a person with a disability was more efficacious in changing attitudes than only information provision. Implications for the practice of hospitality and tourism management service provision are discussed.
Keywords: disability, service provision, attitudes.

Developing an Attitude Scale for the Profession of Physical Education Teaching (ASPPET)

by Halil Eksi

Hüseyin ÜNLÜ
Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice - 11(4) • Autumn • 2014-2020

In this study, the development of a Likert-type attitude scale for the profession of physical education teachingmore In this study, the development of a Likert-type attitude scale for the profession of physical education teaching
(ASPPET) was aimed. The group of the study was consisted of totally 556 pre-service physical education teachers.
In order to determine the structural validity of ASPPET, an exploratory and confirmative factor analyses
were performed. A two-factor structure was determined as a result of the factor analysis. It was seen that while
the first factor of the scale was consisted of positive and 13 items, the second factor was consisted of negative
and 10 items. While the first factor explained 30,77% of the total variance and the second factor explained
23,30% of the total variance; it was seen that two lower factors explained 54,08% of the total variance together.
The high adaptive values obtained as a result of the confirmative factor analysis showed that the two-factor
structure of the scale was confirmed. Internal consistency coefficients of Cronbach alpha were calculated; it
was determined as 90 for the first lower factor; 86 for the second lower factor and 88 for the whole scale. It was
concluded that the scale, which was obtained from these findings, was a valid and reliable scale in measuring
the attitude directed at the profession of physical education teaching.

Can I Borrow a Feeling? Spillover of Negative Arousal from Inconsistent Information during Attitude Formation Diminishes Perceptions of Well-Being

by geoff durso

Persistence of attitude change and attitude–behavior correspondence based on extensive processing of source information

by Edward Orehek

2012, European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 103-111.

A three-phase longitudinal study (spread over a month’s time)was carried out to investigate attitude’s persistence and... more A three-phase longitudinal study (spread over a month’s time)was carried out to investigate attitude’s persistence and linkage to behavior as it may be affected by the processing of information about the communication source. The following three independent variables were manipulated: (i) contents of the source of information (implying the communicator to be expert or inexpert on the topic of the communication); (ii) length of the source information (brief versus lengthy); and (iii) message recipients’ involvement in the issue at hand (high versus low). Replicating prior research when the source information was brief, it exerted greater persuasive impact under low versus high involvement, and when it was lengthy, it exerted greater persuasive impact under high versus low involvement. Of greater importance, the newly acquired attitudes were more persistent and were linked more strongly to actual behavior when the source information was lengthy (versus brief) provided the recipients had high (versus low) involvement in the issue. These findings were interpreted to mean that just like with the message/issue information in prior research, when processed extensively, source information, too, may contribute to the formation of persistent and behavior-driving attitudes.

Explicit and implcit attitudes toward Muslims among Russian undergraduates identifying themselves with Russian Orthodox Church_Установки в отношении мусульман среди православных россиян: эксплицитный и имплицитный аспекты

by Sergei Shchebetenko

Shchebetenko, S.A., & Artamonov Y.Y. (2012). Explicit and implcit attitudes toward Muslims among Russian undergraduates identifying themselves with Russian Orthodox Church. Perm University Bulletin. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology, 3, 1, 46-58.

Implicit and explicit attitudes toward Muslims among Orthodox undergraduates at Perm State University have been... more Implicit and explicit attitudes toward Muslims among Orthodox undergraduates at Perm State University have been investigated. Implicit attitudes were measured by Implicit Associa-tion Test, whereas explicit attitudes were measured using the “evaluation” subscale of semantic differential. Implicit and explicit attitudes did not correlate between each other. While explicit attitudes did not differ significantly from neutral, implicit attitudes were negative regarding Muslims. At the behavioral level, contrary to explicit attitudes, implicit ones predicted recommended budget cuts for Muslims and Orthodox Church in directions concordant with hypotheses. Finally, implicit attitudes were inverted-U-related with right-wing authoritarianism: implicit attitudes toward Muslims were positive when right-wing authoritarianism was either high or low, whereas middle degree authoritarians demonstrated negative implicit attitudes toward Muslims. The results are discussed and compared with those studies published earlier.

İşbirlikli Öğrenme ve Geleneksel Öğretim Yöntemlerinin Tohumlu Bitkiler Sistematiği Laboratuarı Dersine Yönelik Tutum ve Başarıya Etkisi

by Ümit YAPICI

Questioning Assumptions About Students' Expectations for Technology in College Classrooms

by Sarah Lohnes Watulak

Dead and alive: Beliefs in contradictory conspiracy theories

by Karen Douglas

Wood, M., Douglas, K.M., & Sutton, R.M. (in press).  Dead and alive: Beliefs in contradictory conspiracy theories.  Social Psychological and Personality Science. 

Conspiracy theories can form a monological belief system: a self-sustaining worldview comprised of a network of... more Conspiracy theories can form a monological belief system: a self-sustaining worldview comprised of a network of mutually supportive beliefs.  The present research shows that even endorsement of mutually incompatible conspiracy theories are positively correlated.  In Study 1 (n = 137), the more participants believed that Princess Diana faked her own death, the more they believed that she was murdered.  In Study 2 (n = 102), the more participants believed that Osama Bin Laden was already dead when U.S. special forces raided his compound in Pakistan, the more they believed he is still alive.  Hierarchical regression models showed that mutually incompatible conspiracy theories are positively associated because both are associated with the view that the authorities are engaged in a cover-up (Study 2).  The monological nature of conspiracy belief appears to be driven not by conspiracy theories directly supporting one another, but by broader beliefs supporting conspiracy theories in general.

Migráns esélyek és tapasztalatok

by TARKI Social Research Institute

The project is founded by the European Integration Fund (EIF) as part of the general programme “Solidarity and... more The project is founded by the European Integration Fund (EIF) as part of the general programme “Solidarity and Management of Migration Flows”.
The main aim of the research is twofold. On the one hand to analyse the attitudes of majority population towards migrant living in Hungary, and on the other to explore the situation of third country migrants, especially in the labour market. The project consists of two research modules: (1) in the quantitative part the attitudes of the majority population is assessed by a representative survey, and in the (2) qualitative part interviews are being conducted by third country migrants as well as key informants in the field of labour market and social affairs.