Attitude change

Persistence of attitude change and attitude–behavior correspondence based on extensive processing of source information

by Edward Orehek

2012, European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 103-111.

A three-phase longitudinal study (spread over a month’s time)was carried out to investigate attitude’s persistence and... more A three-phase longitudinal study (spread over a month’s time)was carried out to investigate attitude’s persistence and linkage to behavior as it may be affected by the processing of information about the communication source. The following three independent variables were manipulated: (i) contents of the source of information (implying the communicator to be expert or inexpert on the topic of the communication); (ii) length of the source information (brief versus lengthy); and (iii) message recipients’ involvement in the issue at hand (high versus low). Replicating prior research when the source information was brief, it exerted greater persuasive impact under low versus high involvement, and when it was lengthy, it exerted greater persuasive impact under high versus low involvement. Of greater importance, the newly acquired attitudes were more persistent and were linked more strongly to actual behavior when the source information was lengthy (versus brief) provided the recipients had high (versus low) involvement in the issue. These findings were interpreted to mean that just like with the message/issue information in prior research, when processed extensively, source information, too, may contribute to the formation of persistent and behavior-driving attitudes.

Tamas Keller - Hungary on the World Values map

by TARKI Social Research Institute

Review of sociology 20(1): 27–51.
This essay is the English translation of my paper published originally in the periodical Társadalmi Riport, 2010 [Social Report, 2010] edited by Tamás Kolosi and István György Tóth. The analysis was prepared as part of the TÁRKI research programme ”Social/cultural conditions of economic growth”. Besides others, the research programme included the empirical survey ”The normative framework of the market economy”, and the registration in Hungarian of the international series of surveys ”World Value Survey (WVS)”

In this study, the author locates close to 50 societies of the world along the value axis defined by Inglehart. In this study, the author locates close to 50 societies of the world along the value axis defined by Inglehart.

Changing Roles - Opinions on Gender Roles

by TARKI Social Research Institute

Title of the Hungarian original: Szerepváltozások. Jelentés a nők és férfiak helyzetéről 2005
© TÁRKI, 2005
© Ifjúsági, Családügyi, Szociális és Esélyegyenlőségi Minisztérium, 2005

This book was published in English language with the support of the UNIFEM (United Nations Development Fund for Women, Central and Eastern Europe Regional Office, Bratislava).

English translation:
Anna Babarczy (papers 6-12)
Tibor Radványi (Introduction, papers 1-5, Bibliography)
Ildikó Nagy (Register of Researchers)

Language Editor: Clive Liddiard-Maár
All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.
© TÁRKI Social Research Institute, 2006
© Ildikó Nagy, 2006
© Marietta Pongrácz, 2006
© István György Tóth, 2006
ISBN 963 7869 39 5
Cover Design: Péter Maczó
Typography: András Nyíri

This paper analysis analyses the social role of men and women. Investigating the social and demographic reasons, the... more This paper analysis analyses the social role of men and women. Investigating the social and demographic reasons, the author claims, that the dual burden of women is not expected to decrease, but rather is likely to grow. On the one hand, in ageing European societies, the ratio between active workers and dependants can be improved only by increasing the economic activity of women. Furthermore, the relative decrease in the proportion of older generations and the long-term sustainability of pensions funding can only be safeguarded by having more births and better fertility indicators.

Innocents abroad: Attitude change toward hosts

by Gyan Nyaupane

Nyaupane, G. P., Teye, V., and Paris, C. (2008). Annals of Tourism Research,35 (3), 650-667.

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of social distance, prior expectations, and trip... more Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of social distance, prior expectations, and trip experience on post-trip attitudes in multiple destinations. This study is based on surveys conducted with two groups of students: 1) a group participating in a summer study abroad program to the South Pacific or to Europe, and 2) a control group.  The results show that attitude changes were positive towards Europeans, negative towards Australians, and mixed towards Fijians.  This study supports the expectation value theory, but contradicts the cultural distance theory of attitude change.  Further, the results show that experience with non-tourism related services played an important role toward attitude change.

Diagnosing changes in attitude in first-year college chemistry students with a shortened version of Bauer’s semantic differentia

by Xiaoying Xu

co-author

Attitude and Self-Efficacy Change: English Language Learning In Virtual Environments

by Dongping Zheng

Cognition through Social Networks: The Propagation of Induced Forgetting and Practice Effects

by Alin Coman

Although a burgeoning literature has shown that practice effects and socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting can... more Although a burgeoning literature has shown that practice effects and socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting can reshape the memories of speakers and listeners involved in a conversation, it has generally failed to examine whether such effects can propagate through a sequence of conversational interactions. This lacuna is unfortunate, since sequences of social interactions are more common than single, isolated ones. The present research explores how people exposed to attitudinally biased selective practice propagate the practice and forgetting effects into subsequent conversations with attitudinally similar and dissimilar others and, through these conversations, affect subsequent acts of remembering. The research establishes that the propagation of retrieval-induced forgetting and practice effects is transitive. It also determines when attitude influences propagation. These findings are discussed in the context of the formation of collective memories.

Practitioner attitudes towards patients in forensic mental health settings

by Lee Knifton

Community Attitudes towards Private Native Forestry in New South Wales

by Jerome Vanclay

Small-Scale Forestry 6:177-188 (2007)

An on-line survey during August-September 2006 examined community attitudes toward private native forestry. Survey... more An on-line survey during August-September 2006 examined community attitudes toward private native forestry. Survey findings (n=156) confirmed prior hypotheses that attitudes would correlate with associations (e.g., professionals in favour of incentives, farmers in favour of freedom to manage, conservationists in favour of regulations), and with interest (biodiversity enthusiasts in favour of regulations; producers in favour of incentives), but refuted the prior hypotheses that urban dwellers would be more likely to favour regulations. Respondents appear to reflect different constituencies with divergent views without a shared understanding of the condition and dynamics of these forests. This indicates the need for more extension and public education, particularly since forests continue to be an election issue. The survey does not gauge support for private native forestry, but helps to untangle the views from the constituencies promoting them. Regulatory approaches received most support from respondents affiliated with an environmental groups, with a national concern for biodiversity, who fear that private native forests are in poor condition and are going to get worse. Advocates for more landholder freedom tend to be landholders who believe that private native forests are in better condition than comparable State Forests, and who are optimistic about the future for private native forests. Advocates for incentives tend to be urban dwellers with a production focus and professional affiliations.

Wolves, Confederates, and the Happy Few: The Influence of Comprehension, Agreement, and Group Membership on the Attitude Toward Irony.

by Christian Burgers

Co-authored with Margot van Mulken and Bram van der Plas
Published in Discourse Processes, 48(1), 50-68

Comprehension is an important factor in the functioning of irony. Readers who are unaware of the irony in an utterance... more Comprehension is an important factor in the functioning of irony. Readers who are unaware of the irony in an utterance are “sheep,” whereas readers who understand the irony are “wolves” (Gibbs & Izett, 2005). Factors that may impact on the attitude toward irony not only include comprehension, but agreement (agreeing with the position taken in the utterance or not) and group membership (belonging to the target of the irony or not) as well. In an experiment, participants were asked to evaluate either ironic prejudices against women or ironic prejudices against men. The attitude toward the utterance and text is more positive when participants recognize the ironic intention, agree with the statement, and are not the members of the targeted group. These results imply that studies into the pragmatic effects of verbal irony should consider these 3 factors.

Investigation of affective strategies used by physics teachers in high schools.

by Almer Gungor

ICPE 2007- International Conference On Physics Education: Building Careers with Physics. Marrakech: Morocco.

Turkey like many other countries included affective outcomes in the new science curricula. There are various studies... more Turkey like many other countries included affective outcomes in the new science curricula. There are various studies related to affective domain. However, there are few studies about how to improve students’ affective characteristics related to physics. Thus, as a first step, this study aimed to find out the strategies used by high school physics teachers to improve students’ physics related affective characteristics such as attitude, motivation, self-concept.

The sample of the study consisted of ninth graders, who attend three different high schools. There were 57 students in the sample. Two of the high schools were public high schools, which take students with an exam after 8th grade. One of the high schools was a private school. The data was collected at the end of 2006-07 academic year.
Students were asked to complete open-ended surveys to collect data. The survey consisted of 15 items. Items were about the things done by their physics teacher to gain their interest, sustain their interest, to motivate them, to decrease their anxiety in physics courses, increase their confidence etc. during the academic year.
Most frequently and most effectively used strategies will be presented.

PhD Transfer Report

by Isaac Wiafe