Air Pollution and Health Effects

Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in China by County

by Raymond Coveney

Mobile Air Monitoring: Measuring Change in Air Quality in the City of Hamilton, 2005–2010

by Matthew Adams

Adams, M.D., DeLuca, P., Corr, D., Kanaroglou, P. (2012). Social Indicators Research DOI: 10.1007/s11205-012-0061-5

This paper examines the change in air pollutant concentrations between 2005 and 2010 occurring in the City of... more This paper examines the change in air pollutant concentrations between 2005 and 2010 occurring in the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. After analysis of stationary air pollutant concentration data, we analyze mobile air pollutant concentration data. Air pollutants included in the analysis are CO, PM2.5, SO2, NO, NO2, and NOX. Stationary monitoring indicates a continuous reduction in air pollutant concentrations. Stationary monitors only cover a small spatial extent of Hamilton. Mobile monitoring of air pollutant concentrations, averaged over census tract boundaries, indicates both improvement and decline in air quality. These improvements and declines in air quality are spatially clustered throughout Hamilton. Mobile data indicated significant decline in median pollutant concentration for CO, SO2, PM2.5, and NO2; but significant increase for NO and NOX. Air quality change in Hamilton is spatially heterogeneous, and is not captured based on the current stationary monitoring network. Coupling of mobile and stationary air pollutant concentration monitoring provides a more accurate spatial assessment of local air quality.

Carbon Sequestration to Generate Calcium Carbonate A Practical Approach to Sequester Residential CO2 Exhaust

by Ravi Dinakar

For FREE full pdf visit:

http://www.jes2s.com/pdfs/Jan2012/Carbon%20Sequestration%20to%20Generate%20Calcium%20Carbonate%20A%20Practical%20Approach%20to%20Sequester%20Residential%20CO2%20Exhaust.pdf

Authors:

Jeremy Wortzel1* and Terese Grateful2
Student1, Teacher2: Council Rock High School North, 62 Swamp Rd, Newtown, PA 18940
Program Advisor: Jeffery Field, PhD, University of Pennsylvania Department, TREES Program
*Correspondence: jdwortzel@gmail.com

Published in The Journal of Experimental Secondary Science (www.jes2s.com)

The sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil
fuel exhaust can reduce greenhouse gas emissions thatmore The sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil
fuel exhaust can reduce greenhouse gas emissions that
contribute to global warming. Current methods of CO2
sequestration have multiple steps, are expensive, and
potentially hazardous. In contrast, lime water sequesters
CO2 to generate calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in a one-step
process, producing a safe product that has many industrial
applications. A laboratory model was designed to explore
the potential of lime water to sequester CO2 from residential
furnace exhaust. The quantity of CO2 sequestered
and CaCO3 generated by lime water was theoretically
calculated. Lime water, made from calcium hydroxide, was
used to sequester CO2 from dry ice. The average amount
of CaCO3 generated was 0.90 g/L lime water, which was
statistically similar to the predicted value of 1.05 g/L lime
water (p = 0.20). The experimental yield was 86%, and the
quantity of CO2 sequestered was 0.40 g/L lime water. The
volume of lime water required to sequester CO2 from the
average American home furnace was determined, and a
household sequestration apparatus was designed. This
study supports the potential to utilize lime water as a novel
approach to sequester CO2 from home furnace exhaust,
and in turn aid in reversing global warming.

Espace ouvert et planification intégrée

by Philippe Guerrier

Data Inaccuracies in Texas State Agency Testing for Ambient and Indoor Carbon Dioxide Concentrations 2005-2011

by Texas State PA Applied Research Projects

Conrad, Amber N., "Data Inaccuracies in Texas State Agency Testing for Ambient and Indoor Carbon Dioxide Concentrations 2005-2011" (2011). Applied Research Projects, Texas State University-San Marcos. Paper 385.

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to explore indoor air quality assessment reports conducted by the Texas... more Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to explore indoor air quality assessment reports conducted by the Texas Department of State Health Services Environmental Hazards Group relative to building ventilation as measured by carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. The TDSHS provides indoor air quality testing in public buildings as mandated in the Texas Government Code. Method. Ambient concentrations of CO2 do not vary as widely as concentrations within indoor, occupied buildings. A range of 300-500 parts per million was developed as an acceptable concentration variance for ambient CO2 levels. The ambient levels of CO2 reported by TDSHS from each building were then compared to this range. If the ambient CO2 levels from a specific site were within the range they were considered typical and normal. If the ambient CO2 levels from a specific site were out of range they were considered suspect. Results. Of the 122 sites in the dataset, 31.15 percent were out of acceptable range and considered suspect. Of the data reported in one year of TDSHS site assessments, the percentage of suspect readings was 100 percent. This year was then followed by a year with 92 percent of all data out of range. Conclusion. Based on these results, TDSHS should examine all reported data from the Environmental Hazards Group for suspect CO2 data and implement appropriate actions to determine why atypical and abnormal ambient CO2 levels were reported. Employee training schedules and instrument calibration procedures should be assessed. Steps should be taken by TDSHS to address the issue of inaccurate interagency reports and to mitigate negative consequences. An agency oversight committee should be formed to assure the collection of reliable data or terminate the indoor air quality assessments offered to other agencies and seek third party companies to perform these assessments.

Judicialising Environment: A Role for Courts in Combating Air Pollution in Hong Kong

by Rohan Price

Co-authored with John Ho, CityU of Hong Kong
Public Law (Forthcoming; Mar 2012)

This article evaluates the contribution which judicial review can make in combating air pollution in Hong Kong, and... more This article evaluates the contribution which judicial review can make in combating air pollution in Hong Kong, and more particularly, the extent to which it can be used more effectively by Hong Kong's environmental lobby.

The use of artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction of some airborne pollutants concentration in urban areas

by Ilie Constantin

Air pollution and hospitalization due to angina pectoris in Tehran, Iran: A time-series study

by Fariba Asghari

The curious case of the date of introduction of leaded fuel to Australia: Implications for the history of Southern Hemisphere atmospheric lead pollution

by Duncan Cook

Impact of outdoor air pollution on the health of London’s children

by Giovanni Leonardi

Chemical Hazards and Poisons Report, Sept 2005
UK Health Protection Agency
page 32

Immune biomarkers in relation to exposure to particulate matter: a cross-sectional survey in 17 cities of Central Europe

by Giovanni Leonardi

An integrated tool to assess the role of new planting in PM10 capture and the human health benefits: a case study in London

by Giovanni Leonardi

Abhishek Tiwary a, Danielle Sinnett b, Christopher Peachey b, Zaid Chalabi c, Sotiris Vardoulakis c, Tony Fletcher c, Giovanni Leonardi d, Chris Grundy c, Adisa Azapagic a, Tony R. Hutchings b

a School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Sciences, Environment and Sustainable Technology Division, The University of Manchester, PO Box 88, Sackville St, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK
b Land Regeneration and Urban Greenspace Research Group, Centre for Forestry and Climate Change, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, UK
c Public & Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
d Centre for Radiation, Chemical, and Environmental Health Hazards, Health Protection Agency, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK


doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.005

Impact and uncertainty of a traffic management intervention: population exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

by Giovanni Leonardi

Methodological approaches to the analysis of hierarchical studies of air pollution and respiratory health-examples from the CESAR study

by Giovanni Leonardi

Regional assessment of environmental equity through GIS-based clustering and non-parametric statistical testing: a case study of Dallas County, Texas, USA

by Minhe Ji

Co-authored with Sunil

Previous GIS-based methods for assessing regional environmental equity issues tended to simplify the definition of... more Previous GIS-based methods for assessing regional environmental equity issues tended to simplify the definition of impact area for a hazardous site by either directly adopting the pre-existing census unit or constructing a buffer with an arbitrary radius. Subsequent spatial analyses based on such a simplification support rather limited statistical analysis. The present paper reviews this methodological issue and proposes a more robust method combining statistical clustering, spatial overlay analysis, and non-parametric statistical testing for regional equity assessment. In this method, impact areas for individual population groups are derived through statistical clustering based on the internal data structure of multiple demographic variables, and facilities are tallied within each cluster zone to support a valid chi-square test. A case study on Dallas County, Texas, USA, demonstrated the advantages of this method, including data self-organisation for case-specific analysis, avoidance of arbitrariness of impact area definition, ability to provide a comprehensive evaluation based on multiple demographic characteristics, and statistical comparability with highly skewed data distribution.

Green Lungs: Good Firewood, Healthy Air, and Embodied Forest Politics

by Adam Henne

In southern Chile a coalition of environmental, labor, and municipal leaders is rolling out a novel approach to... more In southern Chile a coalition of environmental, labor, and municipal leaders is rolling out a novel approach to environmental regulation. The National Firewood Certification System provides a seal of approval to firewood that is produced and sold according to standards of sustainability, transparency, and quality. Firewood certification is distinct from Fair Trade, organic, or other market-based programs to the extent that it blurs the lines between nature conservation (preserving native forest) and public health (improving indoor air quality, controlling urban smog). Certification's advocates are explicit about leveraging the public health dimension of `good' (ie clean, dry) firewood to promote `good' (ie sustainable, conservationist) management of native forest; they are quite literally networking lungs to forests. I had come to Chile to study forest certification in a very different register: an international NGO certifying million-hectare plantations for the global pulp market. The local and provisional quality of the firewood program made for a striking contrast, but not as striking as the immediacy and physicality of the product: the firewood itself. As I hacked and wheezed in front of my woodstove, as I considered that I was perhaps exposing my family's lungs to carcinogens and acute respiratory infections, I came to see the consumer/producer networks of certification in a different light. This paper examines firewood certification as a market-based social movement and as a visceral experiment in creating environmental consciousness. My ethnographic perspective is informed by heat, smoke, and aching lungs.

Improving Air Quality through Managing Vehicle Emissions among Jeepneys in Davao City, Philippines

by Giovanni Velez

O3, SO2 and NOx Urban Processes: Point Monitor Measurement & Interpretation in Bucharest-Spring 2006

by Adrian Covasnianu

published by INOE Editor,2006

Ozone, nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide point monitor measurements were taken in the periphery of the urban area of... more Ozone, nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide point monitor measurements were taken in the periphery of the urban area of Bucharest city in April 2006. Four days (03-06.04.2006) results are here presented. The discussions are focused on the selected 24 hours measurements from 4.06 at 6h00 particularly on the ozone and nitrogen oxides interacting processes.