Adolescence (Psychology)

The relationship between puberty and social emotion processing

by Geoff Bird

Goddings A-L., Burnett Heyes S., Bird G., Viner R.M., & Blakemore S-J.

The social brain undergoes developmental change during adolescence, and pubertal hormones are hypothesised to... more The social brain undergoes developmental change during adolescence, and pubertal hormones are hypothesised to contribute to this development. We used fMRI to explore how pubertal indicators (salivary concentrations of testosterone, oestradiol and DHEA; pubertal stage; menarcheal status) relate to brain activity during a social emotion task. 42 females aged 11.1 to 13.7 years underwent fMRI scanning while reading scenarios pertaining either to social emotions, which require the representation of another person’s mental states, or to basic emotions, which do not. Pubertal stage and menarcheal status were used to assign girls to early or late puberty groups. Across the entire sample, the contrast between social versus basic emotion resulted in activity within the social brain network, including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), the posterior superior temporal sulcus, and the anterior temporal cortex (ATC) in both hemispheres. Increased hormone levels (independent of age) were associated with higher left ATC activity during social emotion processing. More advanced age (independent of hormone levels) was associated with lower DMPFC activity during social emotion processing. Our results suggest functionally dissociable effects of pubertal hormones and age on the adolescent social brain.

Carbonell, X., Chamarro, A., Beranuy, M., Griffiths, M.D. Obert, U., Cladellas, R. & Talarn, A. (2012). Problematic Internet and cell phone use in Spanish teenagers and young students. Anales de Psicologia, in press.

by Mark Griffiths

Addiction to the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has become an important research topic. The aims of... more Addiction to the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has become an important research topic. The aims of the present study were to (i) determine the prevalence of problematic Internet and mobile cell phone use in Spanish teenagers and young students, and (ii) understand the addictive consequences of these phenomena in Spain. Three questionnaires were applied to 1,879 students: a general questionnaire for Internet and cell phone use, one scale for problematic use of the Internet (CERI) and one for problematic use of mobile cell phones (CERM). Cluster analysis yielded a solution involving three groups for both CERI and for CERM (i.e., no problems, occasional problems, and frequent problems). There were no differences between males and females in Internet use but there were more females showing frequent problematic use of cell phones. A comparison with nine previous Spanish studies suggests that:  (a) the amount of time spent on these technologies is not a good indicator of problems deriving from their use; (b) there appears to be a relationship between problematic Internet use and psychological distress (c) there were no differences found between males and females with respect to Internet use, though females showed more occasional problems related to mobile cell phone use; and (d) the population survey data alone do not confirm the existence of a persistent addictive disorder related to ICT.

variasi pengaruh peer pressure terhadap latar belakang status sosial ekonomi remaja

by fredy maulana

Protecting Adolescents from the Deviant Criminal

by DARLA JORDAN MILLER

ENGL. Dr. B. Moore; Research Paper, thesis. An exercise in research, creating a thesis, making an argument to support a thesis, and annotated bibliography. MLA standard.

Cinema Thinking Affect: The Hustler's Soft Magic

by Richard Baxstrom

Co-author: Todd Meyers. Parachute: review d’art
contemporain. Montreal. No. 121 (special issue: Extra Humain/Extra Human), 2006

[from the article]

[R]ecent cinema shows that adolescence
has nothing to do with becoming an adult;more [from the article]

[R]ecent cinema shows that adolescence
has nothing to do with becoming an adult;
instead, adolescence is a moment of becoming human.
More than any other medium, cinema shows
the workings of adolescence through technologies
of sex and death. Teenage sexuality and flirtations
with violence and death are points of attraction and
anxiety. By means of the tropes of sex and death,
the terms human and non-human are articulated
and, for better or for worse, valued.

Preventing Co‐Occurring Depression Symptoms in Adolescents with Conduct Problems

by J. J. Cutuli

An Investigation of Violent and Nonviolent Adolescents’ Family Functioning, Problems Concerning Family Members, Anger and Anger Expression

by Halil Eksi

Raşit AVCI, Songül Sonay GÜÇRAY
Educational Sciences: Th eory & Practice
10 (1) • Winter 2010 • 65-76

Th e purpose of this study is to (a) investigate the families of violent and nonviolent adolescents
in terms of... more Th e purpose of this study is to (a) investigate the families of violent and nonviolent adolescents
in terms of family functioning, trait anger and anger expression, and (b) compare incidence
of psychological problems, alcohol usage and delinquent behaviors. Th e sample consisted
of families of both violent (n=54) and nonviolent adolescents (n=54) whose age range
was between 14 and 18 years. In order to investigate the anger levels and anger expressions
the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) was used. Additionally, the McMaster Family Assessment
Device (FAD) was used to investigate families’ functions. Th e data about the problems
concerning family members such as alcohol use of family members, having psychological
problems and criminal behaviors were collected via ‘Personal Information Form’ prepared by
the researcher. In accordance with the purpose of the study, data were analyzed with “t” test
and chi-square test. Results showed that families of violent adolescents had more deficits
and confl icts in problem-solving, communication, role assignment, aff ective responsiveness,
aff ective involvement, behavior control and general functioning when compared to the families
of nonviolent adolescents. When analyzed in terms of anger, families of violent adolescents
scored significantly higher on “trait anger”, “anger-in” and “anger-out” when compared
to the families of nonviolent adolescents. Families of nonviolent adolescents had more
“anger control” than the other group. Families in the violent group reported more problem
behaviors, more use of alcohol and more delinquent behaviors than control group.

Ideal and unsullied: Purity, subjectivity and social power

by Robbie Duschinsky

Draft only; Published in Subjectivity

There has been a good deal of empirical social scientific research which has addressed the theme of purity and has... more There has been a good deal of empirical social scientific research which has addressed the theme of purity and has indicated its social importance. However, few theoretical resources are available to scholars which explicitly attempt to analyse purity, besides Mary Douglas’s structural-functionalist model. This model has many insights, but is not well-adapted to considering issues of subjectivity or social power in contemporary Western societies. This article will attempt to take some steps towards filling this gap. It will be claimed that, through the way they appeal to an imputed essence and origin, purity discourses are often complicit in the consecration and occlusion of relations of power and processes of subjectivation. The argument will focus in particular on the operation of purity discourses in the discursive construction and practical negotiation of female adolescence.

An Investigation of Violent and Nonviolent Adolescents’ Family Functioning, Problems Concerning Family Members, Anger and Anger Expression

by Halil Eksi

Raşit AVCI, Songül Sonay GÜÇRAY
Educational Sciences: Th eory & Practice
10 (1) • Winter 2010 • 65-76

Th e purpose of this study is to (a) investigate the families of violent and nonviolent adolescents
in terms of... more Th e purpose of this study is to (a) investigate the families of violent and nonviolent adolescents
in terms of family functioning, trait anger and anger expression, and (b) compare incidence
of psychological problems, alcohol usage and delinquent behaviors. Th e sample consisted
of families of both violent (n=54) and nonviolent adolescents (n=54) whose age range
was between 14 and 18 years. In order to investigate the anger levels and anger expressions
the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) was used. Additionally, the McMaster Family Assessment
Device (FAD) was used to investigate families’ functions. Th e data about the problems
concerning family members such as alcohol use of family members, having psychological
problems and criminal behaviors were collected via ‘Personal Information Form’ prepared by
the researcher. In accordance with the purpose of the study, data were analyzed with “t” test
and chi-square test. Results showed that families of violent adolescents had more deficits
and confl icts in problem-solving, communication, role assignment, aff ective responsiveness,
aff ective involvement, behavior control and general functioning when compared to the families
of nonviolent adolescents. When analyzed in terms of anger, families of violent adolescents
scored significantly higher on “trait anger”, “anger-in” and “anger-out” when compared
to the families of nonviolent adolescents. Families of nonviolent adolescents had more
“anger control” than the other group. Families in the violent group reported more problem
behaviors, more use of alcohol and more delinquent behaviors than control group.

Homicide, violence and developmental trajectories

by Eric Lacourse

Two‐year predictive validity of conduct disorder subtypes in early adolescence: a latent class analysis of a Canadian longitudinal sample

by Eric Lacourse

HANNAH MONTANA COMO MODELO ASPIRACIONAL DE VALORES Y CONSUMO PARA NIÑAS MEXICANAS: UN ANÁLIS CUALITATIVO EN EL NORESTE DE MÉXICO

by Alma Elena Gutierrez Leyton

Co-authored with Dr. Moisés Torres, published in Revista Razón y Palabra, diciembre 2011

Los resultados que se presentan son producto de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue identificar cómo se genera el... more Los resultados que se presentan son producto de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue identificar cómo se genera el proceso de recepción televisiva del programa Hannah Montana y la asimilación de las costumbres, actitudes y estilo de vida del personaje principal por niñas de entre 6 y 12 años de edad de clase socioeconómica media-alta y alta. La metodología fue de corte cualitativo a través de la técnica de focus groups a partir de una muestra propositiva integrada por 17 niñas con un alto consumo de la serie televisiva, seleccionadas a través de la técnica de la bola de nieve, que se dividió en dos grupos, uno de 6 a 9 años y otro de 9 a 12 años. El problema de investigación surge de la preocupación por conocer cómo las niñas mexicanas de la Zona Metropolitana de Monterey, cercana a la frontera con Estados Unidos, perciben y se apropian del modelo que transmite el personaje de Hannah Montana, de una manera aspiracional de conductas y valores. Los resultados obtenidos se contrastan con una taxonomía de valores asociados al consumo de programas televisivos propuesto por García (2004). Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo evidencian que cada grupo de niñas establece encuadres selectivos diferenciados; las niñas de 6 a 9 años se orientan hacia una identificación con el personaje de Hannah, manteniendo la creencia, desde un pensamiento mágico, sobre las cualidades de poder, ejercicio de libertad adulta, fama, éxito y la posesión de seguidores o fanáticos, además de los ingresos o ganancias económicas que percibe por sus actuaciones como cantante. Por otro lado, el encuadre que hacen las niñas de 9 a 12 años se caracteriza por la identificación de Miley como la persona ligada a una vida lógica, normal, ordinaria, factible; mientras que la idealización hacia Hannah se mantiene desde una perspectiva de lo ilógico, ridícula, vida extraordinaria o “diva”. Añadido a esto, a Miley le integran cualidades de apoyo solidario, fidelidad y confianza. Ambos encuadres parecen sostener un mismo patrón que tendría relación con la identificación o consumo negociado hacia los personajes de acuerdo a la proximidad o distancia de su edad con la edad del personaje.
Palabras clave: Recepción televisiva, Modelos aspiracionales de niñas y adolescentes, Asimilación de valores, Estilos de consumo.

"Hybrid Identities and Adolescent Girls" Review G&L Arnold

by Laurel Kamada

"Gender and Language" Journal, by L. Arnold

"Hybrid Identities and Adolescent Girls" Review G&L Arnold

by Laurel Kamada

"Gender and Language" Journal, by L. Arnold

SASA. Psychometric properties and clinical cut-off scores of the Spanish version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

This study examined the reliability and validity evidence drawn from the scores of the Spanish version of the... more This study examined the reliability and validity evidence drawn from the scores of the Spanish version of the Slovenian-developed Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SASA; Puklek, 1997; Puklek & Vidmar, 2000) using a community sample (Study 1) and a clinical sample (Study 2). Confirmatory factor analysis in Study 1 replicated the two-factor structure found by the original authors in a sample of Slovenian adolescents. Test-retest reliability was adequate. Furthermore, the SASA correlated significantly with other social anxiety scales, supporting concurrent validity evidence in Spanish adolescents. The results of Study 2 confirmed the correlations between the SASA and other social anxiety measures in a clinical sample. In addition, findings revealed that the SASA can effectively discriminate between adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of social anxiety disorder and those without this disorder. Finally, cut-off scores for the SASA are provided for Spanish adolescents.

IAFS joven adulto.Aplicación de un programa de tratamiento multicomponente para adolescentes con ansiedad social en población joven adulta: Resultados de un estudio piloto

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

El propósito de este trabajo es presentar los resultados de un estudio piloto que evalúa la aplicabilidad de un... more El propósito de este trabajo es presentar los resultados de un estudio piloto que evalúa la aplicabilidad de un programa de tratamiento, originalmente diseñado para adolescentes, en población joven adulta con un trastorno de ansiedad social. La muestra se compone de 12 sujetos que cumplían los criterios diagnósticos de fobia social generalizada y que mayoritariamente presentaban comorbilidad con trastornos del eje I y II. Los resultados muestran la eficacia de esta modalidad de intervención, tanto en las medidas generales de ansiedad social como en las que examinan específicamente las respuestas cognitivas y motoras que componen este trastorno. Junto a esto, la reducción de las respuestas de ansiedad social llevó a la disminución o remisión total de trastornos comórbidos a la fobia social tras la intervención. Todas las escalas mostraron ser sensibles al cambio terapéutico. Además, tanto el programa de tratamiento como su estructura o la competencia de los terapeutas fueron valorados muy positivamente por los participantes. Finalmente, se discuten las limitaciones de este trabajo y las futuras líneas de investigación.

A pilot study on normative data for two social anxiety measures: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory and the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

Although social phobia is one of the most common mental disorders in adolescence, there is little research concerning... more Although social phobia is one of the most common mental disorders in adolescence, there is little research concerning social anxiety self-reports designed and/or adapted for adolescents. This pilot study provides initial evidence for normative data for the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) and the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) in an adolescent Spanish speaking sample. Adolescents (n = 303) with and without social phobia completed the SPAI and the SAS-A. Initial results supported both the Social Phobia subscale of the SPAI and the Total SAS-A score as an indexes to minimize false negatives or positive. Nevertheless, the highest agreement was found when the SPAI and the SAS-A were used together. This finding points out that these scales are not necessarily exclusive but complementary, as the use of both increases the efficiency of the diagnosis for social phobia, and suggest these scales are the most measures for use in general screening.

The efficacy and efficiency of videofeedback for enhancing the effects of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for youth with social anxiety disorder. Análisis de la eficacia y eficiencia del empleo del Videofeedback en el tratamiento de adolescentes con un trastorno de ansiedad social

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el efecto que produciría aumentar el uso del Videofeedback en la mejora... more El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el efecto que produciría aumentar el uso del Videofeedback en la mejora de la eficacia de un tratamiento psicológico en grupo para la fobia social (IAFS) ampliando de cuatro sesiones, en las que se utilizaba originalmente, a diez de las doce sesiones de las que se compone el programa. Los participantes fueron 50 adolescentes (18 chicos y 32 chicas), con una edad comprendida entre 14-18 años, quienes fueron reclutados en sus propios centros escolares, lugar donde también se llevó a cabo la intervención. El diseño estaba compuesto por dos condiciones experimentales: la primera recibió el programa original denominado “Intervención en Adolescentes con Fobia Social” (IAFS; Olivares y García-López, 1998; García-López, 2007a) que incluía el componente de Videofeedback en 4 de las 12 sesiones, y que sirvió como grupo control. El segundo grupo recibió el mismo programa de intervención pero el componente de Videofeedback se incluyó en 10 de las 12 sesiones. Los resultados en el postest y en el seguimiento a los 6 meses mostraron que ambas intervenciones resultaron ser, altamente a la vez que, igualmente eficaces; no hallándose diferencias significativas en los análisis estadísticos efectuados en las variables dependientes utilizadas. Finalmente, se debatirán cómo estos hallazgos pueden contribuir a la investigación futura y su implicación clínica.

invariance & social anxiety. single factor.

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

Social phobia is becoming increasingly recognized as an important disorder among adolescents.
The body of... more Social phobia is becoming increasingly recognized as an important disorder among adolescents.
The body of research on assessment measures in adolescents with social phobia has grown considerably. Unfortunately,
little is known about the relationship among these measures and its invariance across clinical and
community samples. The objective of the present study is to examine this issue. Results show that all of these
measures are invariant among samples and assess a single higher-order factor, labeled as “social anxiety,”
although each measure appears to tap a specific symptom (cognitive, behavioral, and somatic). Further, results
do support the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) and the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents
(SAS-A) as first-line assessment measures for adolescents’ social anxiety.

AGE AND GENDER_SOCIAL ANXIETY

by LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ph.D.

Although social phobia is one of the most common mental disorders in adolescents, information on the need for... more Although social phobia is one of the most common mental disorders in adolescents, information on the need for normative data is missing. For this reason, this cross-sectional study aims at determining if there is a need to have normative data according to age and gender in socially anxious adolescents. Furthermore, this study analyzes if boys and girls differ in the nature of their social fears. The study population comprised 2,543 Spanish-speaking adolescents randomly recruited from 10 schools. The results point out that there is no need for different normative data based on age and gender. Moreover, our data indicate that even though there are quantitative differences between boys and girls, i.e. the girls reporting a higher percentage, a qualitative analysis reveals that boys and girls experience the same social fears and, therefore, the nature of the social anxiety-provoking situations is the same across gender. Implications for developmental theories and assessment are discussed.