3D Laser Scanning (Archaeology)

Maquette di un edificio per spettacoli

by Filippo Fantini

published in: Giulio Paolucci; Carolina Riva (editors) "Le case delle anime : le antiche civiltà e l'abitare : modelli e miniature", Silvana Editore, Cinisello Balsamo (Mi), 2011

paper about a maquette made of marble found at Hardian's Villa representing a building. For many years archaeologists... more paper about a maquette made of marble found at Hardian's Villa representing a building. For many years archaeologists considered it a simplified version of a project or a decorative object. Thanks to this new study it was shown the hidden system of geometrical relations that identify it as a scale model of a rare kind of amphitheatre.

The "GIS of Underwater Baiae" with 3D documentation: a useful tool to record the state of conservation of a Roman submerged town

by Barbara Davidde

Co-authored with Roberto Petriaggi, Gabriele Gomez de Ayala,
Poster presented during the UNESCO Colloquium:
International Scientific Colloquium on Factors impacting Underwater Cultural Heritage 13 December and 14 December 2011 in Brussels (Belgium)

Architecture with concave and convex rhythms and its decoration in Hadrian age: the south pavilion of Piazza d’Oro in Hadrian’s Villa

by Filippo Fantini

Published in the proceedings of the 15th Congress on Cultural heritage and new tecnologies, Vienna 2010

Some buildings in Hadrian's Villa, as the Maritime Theatre and Piazza d’Oro, show
trabeation with a... more Some buildings in Hadrian's Villa, as the Maritime Theatre and Piazza d’Oro, show
trabeation with a characteristic curvilinear shape decorated with figured friezes. The dispersal of most of the
decoration of Hadrian’s Villa in public and private collections involves difficulties in replacing the friezes in
each building.
As already known, the architectural decoration of the southern pavilion of Piazza d’Oro, subjected to
anastylosis operations in the sixties, had been soon removed, because considered a wrong solution. Also in
the Maritime Theatre several figured friezes have been wrong replaced inside the building, as already stated
by recent studies.
A new integrated approach applied to the study of the curvilinear shape friezes, belonging to the Maritime
Theatre (ADEMBRI, DI TONDO, FANTINI 2009), allowed to make new reliable assumptions about the
replacement of the architectural decoration (Adembri, Di Tondo, Fantini, Granada 2010, soon to appear;
Adembri, exhibition catalogue of the last exhibition in Hadrian’s Villa, 2010); however, the state of
conservation of the masonry does not provide enough evidence for the reconstruction of the original aspect
of this building.
Piazza d'Oro, which shows an architectural decoration very close to the Maritime Theatre, could be a
meaningful comparison to a better understanding of the design solutions adopted in Hadrian’s buildings with
curvilinear shape.
Figured friezes from Piazza d’Oro, preserved in the Villa and in other Italian and European collections, are
the key elements for solving the problem of how the curvilinear marble elements were assembled.

Zygomaticomaxillary suture shape analyzed with digital morphometrics: Reassessing patterns of variation in American Indian and European populations

by sebastian wärmländer

RECORDING, MODELING, VISUALISATION AND GIS APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT FOR THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS

by Dorina Moullou

Co-authored: D. Moullou, D. Mavromati, V. Tsingas, C. Liapakis, L. Grammatikopoulos, S. Raikos, A. Sarris, E. Baltsavias, F. Remondino, J.-A. Beraldin, S. El-Hakim, L. Cournoyer, M. Picard. Published in The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B5. Beijing 2008

This paper presents the project “Development of Geographic Information Systems at the Acropolis of Athens“, financed... more This paper presents the project “Development of Geographic Information Systems at the Acropolis of Athens“, financed by the European Union and the Government of Greece. The Acropolis of Athens is one of the major archaeological sites world-wide included in the UNESCO World Heritage list. The project started in June 2007 and will finish at the end of 2008. The paper presents the motivation for the project and its aims, giving a description of the deliverables and the specifications, as well as the project difficulties. Furthermore, we present the techniques used, both photogrammetric and geodetic, for data acquisition and processing. The project is divided into three basic tasks: the geodetic one, involving field measurements for the generation of a polygonometric network and terrestrial laser scanning of the walls and Acropolis rock and also the Erechtheion monument, the photogrammetric one involving image acquisition, orientation, DSM generation and orthorectification, and finally the development of a GIS database and applications. This contribution underlines particularly the potential of combining different technologies (especially digital imaging and laser scanning) for an accurate 3D modeling of cultural heritage sites. Preliminary results are reported.

GEOSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE ATHENIAN ACROPOLIS WALL BASED ON TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING DATA

by Dorina Moullou

Co-authored with D. Egglezos, D. Mavrommati, published in The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B5. Beijing 2008

In this paper, the accurate geometric information extracted from the three-dimensional model of both the circuit wall... more In this paper, the accurate geometric information extracted from the three-dimensional model of both the circuit wall of the Acropolis of Athens and the underlain supporting rock are described and analyzed. Laser scanning data was used for preliminary geostructural analyses aiming at the proper structural modelling of the circuit wall. These analyses were performed a) for interpretation of the current state of an intensely distorted section of the north wall and calibration of mechanical parameters involved, through back-analysis and b) evaluation of the potential effect of reinforced embankment (for the reburial of Arrephorion monument) in contact with an area of the north wall, with use of parameters deduced at the previous back-analysis. These preliminary analyses constitute an introduction to theoretical investigation of intervention and restoration planning of Acropolis circuit wall.

Infrared Reflectography using 3d Laser Scanning

by Christian Dietz

by Christian Dietz, Gianluca Catanzariti and Alfredo Jimeno Martínez
published in: e-conservation Magazine 18, (2011), 32-42.

A 3D laser scanning instrument, equipped with an optical transmitter containing a continuous 785 nm diode laser, was... more A 3D laser scanning instrument, equipped with an optical transmitter containing a continuous 785 nm diode laser, was used in order to obtain infrared reflectography data of oil paintings. The investigation was carried out in two modern oil and acrylic paintings on canvas and a late 16th century panel painting. In the first case results were compared with existing documentation of the artistic process and in the second with a previously elaborated study by IR reflectography. Data recording took as short as five minutes, providing an IR image comparable to those obtained by reflectography in the IR-A zone of the spectrum. The technique additionally provides high resolution topographic data of the artworks’ surrounding, such as frame and adjacent walls, and has potential to be developed into an alternative method for investigation of pigment layers on virtually any surface, especially if these are of great dimensions or almost inaccessible.

Digital documentation methods at inhumation burial excavations: An example from Lappeenranta Huhtiniemi

by Oula Seitsonen

In Finnish: Digitaaliset dokumentointimenetelmät ruumishautakaivauksilla, esimerkki Lappeenrannan Huhtiniemestä, published in Salo, K. & Niukkanen, M. (ed.): Arkeologisten hautakaivausten tutkimusmenetelmät. Museoviraston rakennushistorian osaston raportteja 22: pp. 36-46, 2011.

Paper describes an example of digital documentation methods used at the forensic archaeological excavations at... more Paper describes an example of digital documentation methods used at the forensic archaeological excavations at Lappeenranta Huhtiniemi, eastern Finland. Several documentation methods were tested and compared while excavating a 19th century mass grave of Russian soldiers: described methods include traditional sketching, total station documentation, photogrammetry, and 3D laserscanning.

PDF 3D: punta del yacimiento Solutrense de Delicias (Madrid)

by Francisco José López Fraile

Se trata de una pieza lítica (punta solutrense) documentada en 3D gracias a un escaneado láser. Pertenece al yacimiento del Paleolítico Superior (Solutrense) de Delicias (Madrid).

El PDF 3D es un formato que soporta modelos de 3D y permite interactuar con ellos: mover, rotar, medir, extraer secciones, etc. Se necesita tener instalado el software Acrobat Reader (gratuito, mínimo versión 8)

PDF 3D: lasca del yacimiento Solutrense de Delicias (Madrid).

by Francisco José López Fraile

Se trata de una pieza lítica (lasca semidescortezado) documentada en 3D gracias a un escaneado láser. Pertenece al yacimiento del Paleolítico Superior (Solutrense) de Delicias (Madrid).

El PDF 3D es un formato que soporta modelos de 3D y permite interactuar con ellos: mover, rotar, medir, extraer secciones, etc. Se necesita tener instalado el software Acrobat Reader (gratuito, mínimo versión 8).

Skanning som dokumentasjonsmetode

by Lars Gustavsen

Co-authored with Regin Meyer, NIKU

Skanning som dokumentasjonsmetode. 2011. Årbok / Fortidsminneforeningen 2011; Volum 165. s. 35-46.

3D Laser Scanning as a Tool for Conservation: The Experiences of the Herculaneum Conservation Project

by Massimo Brizzi

Co-authored with prof. Anselmo Lastra (UNC), Ascanio D'Andrea (Akhet s.r.l.), Daniele Sepio (Akhet s.r.l.) e Sarah Court (HCP). Proceedings of the 37th CIPA International Workshop (Nicosia, 30 October - 4 November 2006).

The Herculaneum Conservation Project (HCP) is a project of the Packard Humanities Institute in collaboration with the... more The Herculaneum Conservation Project (HCP) is a project of the Packard Humanities Institute in collaboration with the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei and the British School at Rome. The project arose from a recognition of the risks to the survival of the unique and irreplaceable heritage to be found in Herculaneum. Its aim is both to support the Italian heritage agency in the protection and preservation of the site, and to extend scientific understanding and public interest and wareness. The most immediate task is to halt the widespread decay afflicting the entire site. The longer-term aim is to develop a conservation strategy which will ensure its survival, understanding and enhancement. The project aspires to learn lessons that will not only feed into the management of the site of Herculaneum, but that can enrich conservation working ractices in Pompeii and elsewhere.
In 2006 trials were launched to see how three-dimensional laser scanning could help the project, not only in terms of documentation, but also as a tool for monitoring decay and informing conservation decisions, and as a source of rich but accurate visual material to illustrate areas of the site currently closed for conservation works and thereby enhance the visitor experience. In collaboration with the University of North Carolina, the Suburban Baths were chosen for trial survey work with a 3rdTech Inc. DeltaSphere-3000 laser scanner.
This Roman bathing complex is remarkably well-preserved with intact wood, metal and decorative features, but the delicate nature of these architectural features together with a variety of grave conservation problems throughout the structure mean the
area is currently closed to visitors. The 3D survey work was carried out as an analytical basis for the technical/scientific studies that are underway in this building in order to conserve it and reopen it to the public. This paper describes the experience of the HCP team using the 3D laser scanner, and discusses the success and challenges of the work and the potential applications the results have both for the mix of heritage professionals working within the HCP team and for the wider public.

Long Meg: rock art recording using 3D laser scanning.

by Kate Sharpe

Poster: Dibujos de ayer y hoy, modelos 3D de hoy y mañana. Modelización de materiales prehistóricos.

by Francisco José López Fraile

LÓPEZ FRAILE, F.J., pubished in "Actas de las Quintas Jornadas de Patrimonio Arqueológico en la Comunidad de Madrid (nov. 2007)", 2012, pp: 333-337.

Sistema de información del Conjunto Arqueológico de Carmona. Sevilla. España.

by Alejandro Jiménez Hernández

Alejandro Jiménez Hernández, José Manuel López Sánchez e Ignacio Rodríguez Temiño

El Conjunto Arqueológico de Carmona se encuentra realizando un proyecto de investigación, recopilación y mecanización... more El Conjunto Arqueológico de Carmona se encuentra realizando un proyecto de investigación, recopilación y mecanización y nueva elaboración de toda la
documentación gráfica en torno al yacimiento arqueológico. La información anterior existente se encontraba en soportes y sistemas poco accesibles para los
investigadores. Por tanto los trabajos realizados han consistido fundamentalmente en digitalización de la información gráfica existente, formación de una
infraestructura topográfica sobre la que se han apoyado todos los procesos de georreferenciación y el levantamiento de todos los elementos que componen el yacimiento,
anfiteatro, tumbas y rasgos arqueológicos por sistemas de registro tridimensional, escáner 3d, topografía de detalle y fotogrametría terrestre y aérea.En este momento
el proyecto se encuentra en la fase de salidas gráficas y modelado 3d de la información resultante.
Como resultado de los trabajos, el proyecto debe culminar con la creación de un sistema de información que aglutine toda la información existente y procesada, y la
que se vaya generando en el futuro; tanto para su difusión web, como para el consumo interno por parte de investigadores y gestores del Yacimiento. Al mismo
tiempo se pretende realizar la explotación en sistemas virtuales que permitan su estudio sin necesidad del acceso directo al yacimiento y su difusión mediante
infografías.

Il laser scanner per il rilevamento delle opere archeologiche. Le terme dell’Indirizzo a Catania (2007)

by Cettina Santagati

Alessia Giuffrida, Mariangela Liuzzo, Cettina Santagati, Il laser scanner per il rilevamento delle opere archeologiche. Le terme dell’Indirizzo a Catania, in L. Andreozzi (a cura di), Il Rilievo dei Beni Architettonici ed Archeologici. Giornate di studio su Le nuove frontiere del rilevamento digitale Esperienze del passato e prospettive. Atti Convegno 2005, Aracne, Roma, 2007. ISBN 978 - 88 - 548 - 1233 - 8.

Il modello digitale per il progetto: l'esperienza del parco archeologico di Kaukana a Santa Croce Camerina (RG) _2009

by Cettina Santagati

Restuccia F., Greco V., Galizia M., Santagati C., (2009), Il modello digitale per il progetto: l'esperienza del parco archeologico di Kaukana a Santa Croce Camerina (RG). Atti Sesto congresso UID XXXI Convegno Internazionale delle discilpine della rappresentazione - Disegno e progetto - Lerici 13-15 ottobre 2009 Graphic Sector, Genova ISBN 978-88-905324-0-5 pag. 216-224

DIGITAL IMAGING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION. Analysis, Restoration and Reconstruction of Ancient Artworks

by Filippo Stanco

F. Stanco, S. Battiato, G. Gallo, “DIGITAL IMAGING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION. Analysis, Restoration and Reconstruction of Ancient Artworks”, CRC Press, ISBN: 978-1-4398217-3-2; 21st July 2011

Coming back home. The virtual model of the Asclepius roman statue from the Museum of Syracuse (Italy)

by Filippo Stanco

[3] G. Gallo, F. Milanese, E. Sangregorio, F. Stanco, D. Tanasi, L. Truppia – Coming back home. The virtual model of the Asclepius roman statue from the Museum of Syracuse (Italy) – Virtual Archaeology Review, Vol. 1, Issue 2, May 2010, ISSN 1989-9947, pp. 93-97

Laserscanning and 3D Modelling Techniques in Urban Archaeology: the Excavation of ‘St. Agata al Carcere’ Church in Catania

by Filippo Stanco

L. Arcifa, D. Calì, A. Patanè, F. Stanco, D. Tanasi, L. Truppia - Laserscanning and 3D Modelling Techniques in Urban Archaeology: the Excavation of ‘St. Agata al Carcere’ Church in Catania. Virtual Archaeology Review, Vol. 1, Issue 2, May 2010, ISSN 1989-9947, pp. 44-48