Protohistoric Iberian Peninsula

Territorium est univertitas agrorum intra fines cuisque civitatis. "El territorio designa la totalidad de las tierras en el interior de los límites de cualquier ciudad". (Dig. L, 16, 239) Juan Francisco PALENCIA GARCÍA 2 RESUMEN: Pocas civilizaciones como la romana tuvieron mayor determinación y capacidad a la hora de transformar el paisaje rural. En el caso de la cada vez más estudiada Meseta Sur de la Península Ibérica, en la antigua región prerromana de la Carpetania, la administración romana determinó una jerarquización de una veintena de civitates y sus respectivos territoria. En este trabajo nos proponemos estudiar la gestación del territorio de una ciudad poco investigada hasta el mo-1 Pese a que no existe testimonio de esta expresión en las fuentes, creemos que sintetiza muy bien la doble idea de que nos hallamos ante un territorio fronterizo, "el límite meridional de la Carpetania", y por otro lado, en su fase "final" o de transición, ya que con la llegada de Roma se incentivó la polarización de Consabura como gran centro administrativo y de consumo en la estructura territorial del alto Guadiana.

The Place name Cassiterides (Tin Islands) is mentioned for the first time in Herodotus' Histories (5th Century BC). This author does not provide a precise location, but later texts locate these islands in front of the Northwestern Iberia' s coast. In this paper we analyse the possible sources of acquaintance about these territories in the Archaic period, within the context of a "Geography of the Resources". We also analyse the modern reception of those texts, where it is stated that the Cassiterides were located on the Scilly Islands or in Galicia. These hypotheses were based on the exegesis of literary sources, as well as on the etymology of the Place name and related words. We discuss the archaeological data recently studied within the Estrimnides Project, which reinforce the idea that the Cassiterides were located on the Galician shores.

Since 1985, the archaeological interventions developed by the GRAP of the University of Barcelona in the archaeological sites of La Moleta del Remei and Sant Jaume (Alcanar, Montsià, Tarragona) have had a triple objective: study, conservation and cultural diffusion of the protohistoric historical-archaeological heritage in the region of Sénia river Lands. For more than three decades, musealization projects have been structured, cultural initiatives have been organized, and didactic publications developed to facilitate the transfer of the results of research projects to citizens with the clear objective of returning to the social structure the necessary elements to facilitate the understanding of the cultural development of the territory. The making of cultural policies requires a global vision of the objectives and the involvement of public administrations.

Ronda is one of the oldest cities of Spain.
It's origin, according to archaelogical findings in the old city space belongs to the Neolithic age.
Despite of this, the presence of the human being in this land can be explained at a previous time.
A proof of this are the sites found at caves, being the most important the one found at the Pileta's Cave, which is one of the best cave's paintings examples of all the Paleolithic age in Andalusia.

During the recent Prehistory a lot of human settlements are founded. This fact is proofed by the existance and conservation through the time of archaeological rests that can still be admired nowadays, being represented by some of its most relevant and monumental artistic examples, like the megalithic Necropolis: Dolmen of El Chopo and Encinas Borrachas among others.
It will be also at that time when the most important human settlements of the region will be well defined: Acinipo and Ronda, but its rise and important time will arrive later. The time of Acinipo will be at the Roman Empire Age and the Ronda time will be at the Middle Age.
From the Roman conquest time of the Iberian Peninsula still remain at our region a lot of rests, being important the ones found in the same city of Ronda. But, without any kind of doubts, the most important archaeological site of the region is the Roman city of Acinipo, because of its conservation's state and also because of some of its elements belonging to a Classic Roman city, like for example, the Theater.
Once that Acinipo dissapeared, and after the convulsive period which reason is the Fall of the Roman Empire, the attention was paid now to the city of Ronda. That city, although being a small settlement even during the first time of the Middle Age, became since then the main place where all the important historic events happened.
Among these historic events, and because of its importance and its cultural legacy, still alive at the common life (town planning, gastronomy,traditions, farming systems, etc.) has to be considered the Arab Age as the most important.
At that time, Ronda appears to be as one of the leading cities, arriving to the category of main city of one of the Kuras (Provinces) of Al-Andalus (the province of Ronda was named of Takurunna). Ronda even achieved to be independent as an independent Kingdom (called at that age the Taifas Kingdom) after the fall of the Cordoba Kingdom.

The most important character played by Ronda, and the reason for being well known, arrives with the Nazari Kingdom of Granada, because of its closeness to the territories conquered by the Catholics coming from Castilla. That leads to the city of Ronda, as well to its region, to be a very important border zone.
After the conquest of the city by the Catholic Monarchs(1485) deep economic and cultural changes happened, which can be still seen at the structure of the city: Opening of squares not existing before, streets made broader, etc.
The 18th century, and the arrival of the Modern age, will be for Ronda the time when it will get its definitive role inside the land of Andalusia.

At that time, the most relevant and known monuments of the city where built, as signs of the former aristocracy and the present Ronda: The New Bridge and the Bullring.
Since that time and during the 19th century, the romantic image of the city grows, as well as the legend of its Serrania (mountains), generating the world of the bandits and the art of bullfighting a deep impression between lots of important travellers.
Both aspects have been converted since then into symbols of our culture and tradition. Despite of this, the cultural and traditional richness of Ronda is much wider and diverse that the one offered by this image, cliched although being nice. This diversity is the current attraction of Ronda and its Serrania.

The theme of the 45th AFEAF colloquium in Gijón is therefore centred on raw materials in Europe and the whole range of practices associated with them: their exploitation, processing, impact on society and the management of their different forms (raw materials, ingots, finished objects and in progress products, know-how, logistical aspects, environmental impact). The conference will be organized in three thematic sessions. Two scales of analysis will be emphasised: the regional scale and the European scale. The two will be compared in order to encourage scientific debate and can be based on different examples, contexts and types of analysis. The chronological scope of the colloquium is the entire first millennium BC.

Proposals for oral communications or posters must be submitted to the colloquium secretariat before 30 September 2020: afeaf.gijon@gmail.com

El tema del 45 coloquio de la AFEAF de Gijón se centrará, en esencia, en las materias primas en Europa, y el conjunto de las actividades relacionadas con su explotación, transformación, impacto y gestión, así como a los objetos arqueológicos producto de distintas fases de elaboración: materias primas, lingotes, objetos en proceso y productos acabados, conocimientos técnicos, aspectos logísticos, impacto sobre el medio ambiente. El coloquio está organizado en tres sesiones temáticas. Van a ser favorecidas dos perspectivas de investigación: la regional y la europea. Estos enfoques se confrontarán directamente con el fin de favorecer el debate científico a partir de diferentes ejemplos, contextos y análisis. El marco cronológico considerado abarca el primer milenio antes de nuestra Era.

Las propuestas de comunicación o de póster deben ser enviadas a la secretaría del coloquio antes del 30 de septiembre de 2020 : afeaf.gijon@gmail.com

Le thème du 45ème colloque de l’AFEAF de Gijón portera sur les matières premières en Europe et sur l’ensemble des pratiques qui y sont associées : exploitation, transformation, diffusion, impact et gestion sous ses différentes formes (matières premières, lingots et demi-produits, objets et produits finis, savoir-faire, aspects logistiques, impact sur l’environnement). Le colloque sera organisé en trois sessions thématiques. Deux perspectives de recherche seront privilégiées : l’échelle régionale et l’échelle européenne. Ces approches seront mises en vis-à-vis afin de favoriser le débat scientifique. Elles s’appuieront sur différents exemples, contextes et analyses. Le cadre chronologique couvre tout le premier millénaire av. n. è. 

La date limite pour l'envoi des propositions de contributions a été fixée au 30 septembre 2020. Merci d'adresser votre proposition de communication au secrétariat du colloque : afeaf.gijon@gmail.com

En los últimos años se ha avanzado notablemente en el estudio de la llamada Arqueología del paisaje. Gracias a ello, en la actualidad se entiende que los paisajes histórico-culturales están conformados por toda una serie de espacios creados a partir de la más primigenia de las realidades históricas: la relación ser humano-naturaleza. En este trabajo partiremos de este hecho para analizar una importante zona granadina, el Marquesado del Zenete, y cómo se fue formando su paisaje durante la Protohistoria. Para ello, estudiamos aquí el sistema de asentamientos y la explotación económica minera durante este periodo.