Peer-to-Peer

In the throes of madness, people need some form of peace to hold on to like an anchor while discovering their innermost serenity. The state hospital center offers no such peace. Even in someone's most tormented nights consumers armed with the right skills, resources, and support can identify a technique to self-manage their internal chaos and external dysfunction. This presentation is intended to arm readers with the tools necessary to self-manage their own frustration tolerance throttle. In plain English, this presentation is intended to provide trauma and peer informed training material to practitioners to help patients regulate their thinking and feelings while tuning into his or her own mental status and internal barometer for healthy living after discharge from the state hospital center. Consumers should feel empowered to always live peacefully and independently, regardless of their chosen path to serenity and peace, even when the world before it becomes too chaotic to live without medical or psychiatric intervention. Background:

Active methodologies and Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) in education are increasingly present in the pedagogical practices. A broad scientific literature highlights the positive impacts on learning of both elements. However, the number of teachers who make a combined and simultaneous use of them turns out to be low. In this sense, this paper describes a new paradigm of learning, known as Active Learning Technology (ALT), which is supported by the combined use of digital technologies and active methodologies. For this, a qualitative research was carried out considering a descriptive, interpretative and deductive approach, making possible to understand the phenomena within its context, discovering links between concepts, as well as determining characteristics of the active technological learning model, using the content latent corpus. The results of this research point out that the proposed model can help to reflect on the use of articulated DICT with the active methodologies, attending to the needs of a digital and active education, centered on the student. Finally, some applications found in the literature are presented as a way to propose some guiding principles for their use in Education, especially in Chemistry Teaching, in order to further improve the understanding of the Active Learning Technology model.

In writing this book I wanted to combine adventure with teaching. What is it like to be a clairvoyant child who sees what the rest of us can't? They're not as unusual as you might think, but they often think they are. Sometimes they wonder what's wrong with them. So instead of sharing their gift with the world, they hide it. Ben Conover didn't, and this is the story of the price he had to pay--with his friends, his enemies, and his parents. My favorite book as a kid was Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Like that book, Ghost Boy is full of adventure, some of it paranormal, much of it just plain boyish. Ben hates bullies and has a habit of sticking up for the underdog. This gets him into plenty of trouble. So does his nature: He takes risks, and sometimes he goes too far. I almost titled the book Better Than Cool, because that's what Ben is. In the final analysis, this is a book that teaches the young reader not only about clairvoyant kids like Ben, or ghosts like his girlfriend Abby, but how to be a human being who puts doing the right thing ahead of doing the cool thing.

Purpose. Accommodation sharing is a major trend shaping the hospitality industry, and Airbnb is the most prominent sharing platform driving this growth. While price convenience is reported as one of the main strengths of Airbnb accommodations, only a few studies have examined price determinants. In particular, it is unclear whether hosts dynamically adjust prices for shared accommodation based on their experience with price management and on the level of market demand. This paper intends to fill this gap by suggesting and testing a comprehensive hedonic pricing model.
Methodology. Data from all 1,056 Airbnb listings for accommodations available in the city of Verona (Italy) on four booking dates in 2016 are collected and analysed through regression analysis.
Findings. The results highlight that price is significantly related to the level of the host’s accumulated experience and to the level of market demand on a specific booking date. The findings provide support for the ability of hosts to dynamically adjust prices for their accommodations.
Practical implications. Drawing on the innovator’s dilemma theory, this study suggests some strategies that traditional hotels may adopt to react to the disruptive nature of Airbnb.
Originality/value. This is one of the few studies to address hosts’ pricing strategies and to specifically consider price adjustments owing to variations in host experience and market demand.

Recently NATURE published a discussion on construction of sills in attempt to prevent or slow melting glaciers that are discharging ice into the ice fjords. Several further papers promptly followed publication of this essentially erroneous article in a respected NATURE magazine. Here it is pointed out that there is a discrepancy of several magnitudes thus excluding a long-term viability to manage the edges of ice fjords or continental ice shelves/sheets due to a phenomenon known as the mega-erratics. These are blocks of hard rocks that are several kilometres in size that have been dislocated by a warmed and wet edges of glacier/ice sheet/ice shelf. This Parliament evidence points out the error that was not apparent to the peer-reviewers at the time and in subsequent papers that followed. The Parliament was shown evidence that large enough obstacles cannot be possibly made to prevent ice discharges due to a progression of melting, that softens and lubricates glaciers, ice caps and ice sheets. The forces unleashed by the ice front exceeds several magnitudes from the conceived objects that sills were proposed. The only, and very only effect is temporary and limited to prevention of warm water incursion where these methods will work for a while in a cold, dry, and relatively stable ice formations. A long-term projections suggested to prevent warmed and water-infested glaciers from discharging ice into the ocean cannot be made as the forces of ice exceed many magnitudes of the sills and levies that can be made of concrete blocks, aggregates or other materials. Thus the prevention of sea level rise by this method for centuries or millennia is not functional one and thus the mitigation and prevention of rubbish gyros in ocean, the supply of housing, nuclear and food production security must be looked at as solution by the ocean littoral states. Several examples of various types of risk to the sustainability of oceans have been presented in addition to the above exposed misconception. This comes with much regret as it appears that one 'hoped-for-solution' to manage the future climate change impacts has largely foundered on the issue that the sills cannot be made strong enough to contain most important, warmed glaciers or edges of unstable ice shelves. However, for a short-term this may offer small-scale solutions provided that costs remain sufficiently small. Aggressively melting ice formations with darkened surfaces, wide spread melt water ponds, or water filled crevasses it does not offer much, if any, prolonged ice stability. (The document is best viewed as a .pdf file due to the lay-out of graph and legends.)

The automotive sector represents more than a simple industry. Since the late nineteenth century, it has embodied the economic and technological power of nations, the lifestyle, the dynamics of urban and territorial development, and it has acted as a national barometer of economic success and failure. This book explains how the car industry works and analyses the challenges both for the sector and for the economies that rely on the industry for jobs, growth, and innovation. It explores an industry that has been under severe pressure in industrialized countries for many years—factories have shut down, jobs have gone, and brands have disappeared—yet world production has never been so high, reaching new peaks annually. Fabio Cassia and Matteo Ferrazzi investigate as well the new trends of urban mobility and the characteristic of " car of the future " : the traditional landscape of car production and usage will be driven by technological advances, connectivity, car sharing, and by one the most fascinating advances, the self-driving car. How different will be the automotive sector in a decade? Will the traditional players be challenged by new entrants such as Google, Apple, Uber?

First chapter download: https://agendapub.com/images/pdfs/chapters/9781911116721_chp.pdf

Peer to peer data transfer received a lot of attention in recent years. A peer-to-peer network allows users to communicate or send data over a network without any server. A peer is any computer client or user. So that it called Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking as there is no server, all data transfer process is going between those peers only. Peer-to-peer file sharing means distribution of files over a network without participation of any server, in which the files are located on individual's machine and distributed with other members of the network. These type of networking softwares like Bit Torrent founded as the piracy method of choice in the early years butthen Supreme Court announced decision[2]to the closure of many torrent sites as they encourages illegally sharing of copyrighted content like games, music, setup files and mostly movies. Mr. Samir Ashok Mohite"Peer To Peer File Transfer with Torrent" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15746.pdf

Abitudini e preferenze alimentari, così come attività fisica e sportiva, sono temi fondamentali nell’ambito della prevenzione della salute, che oggi risulta sempre più centrale per l’implementazione di politiche pubbliche mirate alla riduzione di fenomeni quali l’obesità e la sedentarietà e delle patologie conseguenti. Il paradigma adottato nelle politiche di prevenzione e promozione della salute è stato caratterizzato per lo più da azioni verticali e unidirezionali, basate su processi di informazione spesso con impatto assai limitato sui comportamenti dell’utenza. Processi di comunicazione-azione efficaci sono invece quelli che permettono un percorso di apprendimento tale da determinare cambiamenti nei comportamenti e l’assunzione di responsabilità individuali e collettive rispetto agli obiettivi di salute. ‘beFood’ è un progetto di ricerca-azione implementato in Toscana per testare un nuovo modello educativo-partecipativo con l’obiettivo di mettere gli stessi adolescenti in condizione di diventare fruitori e divulgatori del messaggio di salute e non semplici destinatari di un intervento di promozione. Il progetto ha visto partecipare un gruppo di studenti liceali (n = 49) di 10 scuole secondarie toscane coinvolti in un percorso di Alternanza scuola-lavoro avviato a novembre 2016 e conclusosi a maggio 2017. Le modalità innovative nel promuovere il messaggio di salute sono state caratterizzate dal coinvolgimento degli studenti per la progettazione e conduzione di un’iniziativa di promozione della salute che includeva un’indagine campionaria volta a rilevare abitudini e preferenze in ambito alimentare e di attività fisica dei loro coetanei. Durante la rilevazione, gli studenti stessi hanno promosso l’adozione di corretti stili di vita nei confronti di più di 5000 persone. Questa esperienza ha permesso così di indagare le potenzialità dei processi di influenza peer-to-peer e l’utilizzo di linguaggi e tecnologie digitali nel diffondere contenuti di salute alla popolazione di riferimento, ottenendo dei risultati preliminari sulle potenzialità di questo approccio nelle politiche di promozione della salute. Inoltre l’indagine campionaria ha permesso di rilevare le abitudini degli adolescenti toscani evidenziando aspetti su cui impostare il lavoro futuro. Daily choices and personal preferences regarding food habits and physical activity are critical topics in health prevention. Health prevention is the first place for the implementation of public policies that aim at tackling obesity and physical inactivity that are some of the most relevant risk factors for chronic diseases, such as diabetes or complex mental diseases related to eating disorders. Generally, health promotion interventions are delivered in a top-down process with targets seen as passive receivers with a limited impact on their behaviors. Active communication processes are instead more effective to foster a learning path that lead to a behavioral change and stimulate people in taking on individual and collective responsibility towards health outcomes. ‘beFood’ is an action research project implemented in Tuscany as a new training and communication method with the aim of making adolescents receivers and messengers of the health contents. A group of Tuscan students (n = 49) from ten high school institutes was involved in this initiative as a part of their mandatory work-related learning pathway called Alternanza scuola-lavoro (a young apprenticeship program) from November 2016 to May 2017. The main objective of the project was to test the effectiveness of innovative strategies in promoting healthy lifestyles. In particular, the project aimed at shifting the participants’ role from passive receivers to active messengers by engaging them in the design phase and the conduction of a digital technology-based survey. They collected data on the habits and the preferences of their peers about food and physical activity by spreading a questionnaire including the healthy message to more than 5,000 respondents. During the whole process, it was possible to investigate the potential influence of peer-to-peer processes and the impact of customized languages and new technologies in spreading health promotional messages to the population target.

Spectral efficiency is significantly compromisedwhen different users download same content over a wire-less link. Especially in a peer-to-peer (PTP) network, thismay also lead to congestion and unfair usage of the links byusers with superior link conditions. In this paper, in order toaddress the above mentioned problems a socially fair userscheduling algorithm (SFUSA) for a PTP is proposed. Theproposed algorithm selects a leader from the PTP who willdownload data and share it within the PTP using a shortrange ad-hoc wireless network. In order to select the leaderSFUSA takes into consideration the traffic conditions in thelink of individual users from the data access point alongwith social fairness factor of the users. It is shown throughsimulations that the proposed algorithm solves the problemof congestion at the data access point, along with increasedretention of peers in a PTP with enhanced user satisfaction.

Social fairness and channel loading effects in peer-to-peer connected networks. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313089527_Social_fairness_and_channel_loading_effects_in_peer-to-peer_connected_networks [accessed Jun 20 2018].

Coding Opportunistically (COPE) is a simple but very effective data coding mechanism in the wireless network. However, COPE leaves risks for attackers easily getting the private information saved in the packets, when they move through the network to their destination nodes. Hence, a lightweight cryptographic approach , namely SCOPE, was proposed to consolidate COPE against the honest-but-curious and malicious attacks. Honest-but-curious attack serves adversaries who accurately obey the protocol but try to learn as much private information as possible for their curiosity. Additionally, this kind of attack is not destructive consequently. However, it may leave the backdoor for the more dangerous attacks carrying catastrophes to the system. Malicious attack tries to learn not only the private information but also modifies the packet on harmful purposes. To cope with this issue, in this work, a lightweight cryptographic approach improves COPE, namely SCOPE, that is defensive to the both attacks. The private information in the COPE packet are encrypted by Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), and an additional information is inserted into SCOPE packets served for the authentication process using the lightweight hash Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). We then prove our new protocol is still guaranteed to be a secure method of data coding, and to be light to effectively operate in the peer-to-peer wireless network.

In this dissertation, Author examines the third party liability, especially concerning the liability of online service providers for peer-to-peer. Author firstly examines the legal framework of third party copyright infringement and three main doctrines: Vicarious Liability, Contributory Liability and Inducement Liability. Secondly, the author examines the Sony safe harbour and argues its effect to liability doctrines. Thirdly, the author argues how new technologies and culpable providers with bad intent forced Courts to take badly affecting decisions, and threatening the very balance Sony provided by expanding the application of doctrines. Fourthly, author argues how the new inducement liability standard has saved the day, provided a balance and positively affected the doctrine. Fifthly, Author argues that despite this improvement, Courts continued giving bad interpretations to the framework, causing new unintended effects imposing liabilities to the innocent, and punishing the non-infringing acts. Finally, author argues the most efficient way to preserve the balance and save the future. Author also briefly examines legal situation in UK and Australia, their authorization based theory and makes a brief comparative analysis.

O presente estudo busca dar um dos primeiros passos necessários para se discutir a regulação da economia compartilhada no Brasil, oferecendo um panorama da regulação incidente sobre ela, sem se restringir a um setor ou uma plataforma em específico, e demonstrando quais são os principais desafios jurídicos que envolvem esse mercado como um todo. A partir da presente pesquisa, pretende-se verificar a validade da seguinte hipótese: a regulamentação atual brasileira é insuficiente para qualificar juridicamente as relações da economia compartilhada. Essa dificuldade de qualificação intensifica a atual ausência de respostas legais para uma série de problemas, como a definição de obrigações e responsabilidades dos peers e das plataformas digitais. Além disso, serão analisados outros problemas jurídicos suscitados pela economia compartilhada, não necessariamente relacionados ao desafio da qualificação, como questões de políticas urbana e social, antitruste, privacidade e discriminação. Para atingir o objetivo deste trabalho, foram realizadas pesquisas de livros, artigos acadêmicos, documentos oficiais, notícias, termos de uso e serviço de plataformas, vídeos e eventos produzidos pela sociedade civil, tanto nacional quanto internacionalmente, e a legislação brasileira. As conclusões a que este trabalho chegou foram que há uma grande dificuldade de qualificação jurídica dos peers fornecedores, se agentes profissionais ou pessoais, e das plataformas, se fornecedoras ou intermediárias; e que tais indefinições afetam diretamente o grau de exigências regulatórias, responsabilidades e obrigações de cada um desses participantes, impactando a relação destes com os peers consumidores e com a sociedade como um todo.

A recurrent subject in modern travel discourses is formed by anti-tourism: a desire of travellers to reach beyond the allegedly superficial experiences that the tourism industry fosters. This paper explores the anti-touristic attitude in the context of online peer-to-peer platforms: collaborative services enabling barter in labour, skills, knowledge and goods between consumers and service providers–or, in this case, between " outsiders " and " insiders " of touristic space. A method involving computational keyword analysis and qualitative content analysis is adopted in order to analyse the platforms' multisemiotic content. It is argued that the insider, as a commodified identity type and a signifier for authenticity, is produced by the platforms' advertisements. These insiders provide a stylisation of everyday personal experiences, in which locality becomes a type of " authentic " experience prompted by minute personal activities. The authenticity discourses that insiders adopt are paradoxically related to the stereotypical forms of imagination that are found on the platforms, as well as the computational arrangement of measurement and comparison. The study thus shows how attitudes of anti-tourism are internalized and capitalized on by the tourism industry within peer-to-peer ecologies.

The majority of research on peer assistance programs explores benefits for student participants, such as increased retention and course grades; however, benefits gained by the programs' student leaders are often overlooked. This qualitative research study describes how undergraduate students benefit from their experience serving as leaders in a Supplemental Instruction (SI) program at a four-year, private university. The Benefits of Supplemental Instruction (SI) for the SI Leader While the majority of research on Supplemental Instruction (SI) examines increases in participants' course grades and the positive effects that the program has on students who attend sessions, few studies set out to examine the additional benefits of the program for the student leaders who are responsible for facilitating the sessions, which may result in increased levels of institutional engagement (Lockie & Van Lanen, 2008; Malm, Bryngfors, & Morner, 2012; Skalicky & Caney, 2010; Stout & McDaniel, 2006). While working as SI Leaders, students learn to help peers construct knowledge through social interaction, exploration, and application , which can lead to connecting with other students individually and the campus community as a whole. This perceived benefit of SI is not widely explored, which is why this study seeks to uncover more about the SI Leader's holistic experience of working in the program. This qualitative research study explores how undergraduate students benefit from their experience serving as SI Leaders and how these perceived benefits may correlate with increased communication skills, improved leadership ability, and higher levels of institutional engagement. The following research questions

Purpose: Adopting a socio-spatial approach, this study develops a consumer-centric conception of service experience customization. In contrast to existing service customization research, which has focused on company-centric approaches, this study examines the practices through which consumers use, abuse, subvert, transform or complement organizational resources to construct their consumption experiences.

Design/Methodology: The empirical context for this study is a Meetup group: a consumer network organized around members' shared interests and activities in theme parks. The research utilized participant observation of members' face-to-face activities during two years and over 80 events, interviews with key informants, and content analysis of online interactions.

Findings: The findings outline how consumers interact across physical and virtual spaces utilizing technologies and material objects. The data are used to propose a new consumer-centric conceptualization of experience customization, distinguishing between three modes: collaborative co-production, cooperative co-creation, and subversive co-creation.

Originality/Value: It is argued that the three modes of customization provide a way to understand how consumers mobilize and (re)deploy organizational resources to create experiences that may complement existing service propositions, but may also transform them in ways that challenge the service provider's original goals and expectations. Furthermore, this study identifies the factors that shape which modes of customization are possible and how they are enacted. Specifically, the discussion examines how experiential complexity, governability, the compatibility of consumer and organizational practices, and the collective mobilization of resources may determine the scope and form of customization.

The sharing economy is a global phenomenon with rapid growth potential. While research has begun to explore segmentation between users and non-users, only limited research has looked at consumer segmentation within sharing economy services. In this paper, we build on this research gap by investigating consumer segmentation within a single sharing economy platform: Airbnb. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, with both a quantitative survey and a qualitative content analysis of Airbnb listings, we compare two different types of accommodation offered on Airbnb: shared room and entire home. Our findings indicate that within a single platform, the variety between offerings can create distinct consumer segments based on both demographics and behavioral criteria. We also find that Airbnb hosts use marketing logic to target their listings towards specific consumer segments. However, there is not, in all cases, strong alignment between consumer segmentation and host targeting, leading to potentially reduced matching efficiency.

Fashion and Location is an international, multicultural and interdisciplinary collaborative approach to teaching fashion spanning four continents incorporating social media as a tool to connect the students for knowledge sharing and experiencing cultures. Location has always had an influence on clothing styles and is essentially an interesting area of learning for students in schools. The goal is to educate and connect students about various cultures’, sub-cultures’ and social classes’ views of dressing, as well as considering the views of individuals within these categories who can formulate various responses vis-à-vis self-presentation using social media as a platform. This research is a collaboration of six different institutions to make a learning platform for students through various projects.
The methodology of the project is collaborative teaching and learning. Our research implies a Goffmanian theoretical framework in which fashion is viewed as a dramaturgical type of action or performance through which meanings are expressed and interpreted within social and interactional settings situated in particular cities.