Laboratory management

As per our knowledge, for the first time in India, cord blood glucose, insulin, and cortisol levels in preterm and term newborns were estimated and insulin resistance was calculated using HOMA-IR, QUICKI, and glucose insulin ratio. Thrifty phenotype hypothesis states that the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs early during intrauterine development. In few studies, term newborns' cord blood glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were reported. Conflict of interest: None declared Re cei ved: 05 ©Jo ur nal of Cli ni cal Re se arch in Pe di at ric En doc ri no logy, Pub lis hed by Ga le nos Pub lis hing. Objective: According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, intrauterine malnutrition has a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This study was planned to determine the early alterations in indices of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and cortisol) in term and preterm newborns and the correlations of glucose, insulin, and cortisol levels with insulin resistance indices. Methods: A descriptive study comprising 35 term and 35 preterm newborns was carried out from December 2013 to June 2015. Venous cord blood was collected and plasma glucose was analyzed by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method in an auto analyzer. Serum insulin and cortisol levels were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and glucose insulin ratio were calculated to assess insulin resistance. The data on physical and metabolic parameters were analyzed using standard tests for statistical significance. Results: In term newborns, mean glucose and cortisol levels (83.6±17.4 mg/dL and 11.88±5.78 µg/dL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in preterm infants (70.4±15.8 mg/dL and 8.9±4.6 µg/dL, respectively). Insulin and HOMA-IR levels were found higher in preterm newborns (10.8±4.8 µIU/mL and 1.52±0.66, respectively) than in term newborns (7.9±2.7 µIU/mL and 1.19±0.29, respectively). Insulin was found to positively correlate with HOMA-IR, whereas cortisol was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR in both term and preterm newborns. Conclusion: Higher insulin levels and HOMA-IR values in the cord blood of preterm newborns support the theory of intrauterine origin of metabolic diseases.

Sample transportation remains a challenge in resource-limited countries. In Nigeria transport was conducted through non-standard, parallel systems, leading to long turnaround times and lack of visibility. A National Integrated Specimen Referral Network (NISRN)-established by the Nigeria Ministry of Health with donor support-as a cost-effective system currently being implemented by GHSC-PSM using third-party logistics (3PLs) providers to transport specimens from collection centers to testing laboratories. This study assesses impact of using the private sector to transport samples in the NISRN. A descriptive method was used to assess 3PL performance. Specimen quantities transported by the 3PLs providers over six months were compared to the quantities transported in the period prior to implementation. Using the 3PLs instead of health facility staff, specimens were moved from facilities with backlogs to laboratories with capacity to analyze specimens quickly through the enhanced laboratory network. Before the NISRN, 116,046 viral load samples were tested, and 6,459 packs of reagents were used to cover 1,700 facilities over six months. During a comparable six months of operationalizing the NISRN, 277,536 viral load samples were tested, and 10,369 packs of reagents used to cover 3,114 facilities, translating into a significant increase of 38% of samples tested, 21% of reagents used; and over 83% increase in the number of facilities receiving testing services. In conclusions, leveraging the private sector to transport samples enhanced testing laboratory network efficiencies. This resulted in substantial increases in viral load samples tested, reagents used, and facilities accessing testing. This approach led to an expansion of services, and a robust optimized sample referral network that can respond more easily to public health emergencies. Utilization of the private sector is a sustainable, cost-efficient framework. Utilizing 3PL providers increases patient access to services and allows facility staff to focus on their traditional role rather than transporting specimens.

JBara Innovations was contracted by Sydney IVF (SIVF) to address a perceived need to improve the efforts around improving safety and quality of care. We present a comprehensive quality improvement and risk management programme that centers on the laboratory as a whole and as part of the clinical microsystem. Our methods targeted areas for improvement which feed directly into recommended interventions and supports innovative practices. Our combined sources of information allowed us to target problem areas at both the systemic and cultural levels with a particular emphasis on improving professional and business alignments that lead to errors and poor quality outcomes. Finally, attempts to redesign the SIVF service model will be informed by bringing the patient’s voice back into the center of the all activities of the SIVF microsystem.
The goals of the project were to:
• Identify the role of the patient at SIVF using process mapping and analysis of available sources of data
• Consult with patients about their experience and inform SIVF of strengths and areas in need of improvement
• Examine staff attitudes, organizational policies and HR documents towards work practices, safety, communication and staff welfare using survey and interview tools
• Identify the learning culture at SIVF around reporting of non-routine events and patient harm.
• Develop and deliver a training program that focuses on recognizing the patient as the center of the IVF process
The goals will be accomplished in three phases:
Phase I: Pre-intervention assessment and data collection Phase II: Intervention design based on Phase I
Phase III: Re-evaluation after the interventions.
Phase I is complete and this report summarizes the results from Phase I and sets the stage for Phases II, the training phase. The data indicate that there are many positive aspects of Sydney IVF which include:
• A strong reputation for the highest quality IVF treatment
• An internationally recognized track record for innovation and pioneering IVF techniques
• High levels of staff loyalty and pride in the company’s achievements
• A strong culture of continuous improvement and change readiness
• A commitment to personalized patient centred care.

The results from Phase I of the project indicate there is vibrant strategic plan but that at times execution lags. There is scope for improvement helping Sydney IVF maintain their strong brand and manage their risks more astutely. Sydney IVF needs to protect it’s free thinking and creative behaviors that launched them on their journey to market leadership. Combining innovation and scale is a pressing challenge and will require hiring creatively throughout the organization while adopting more integrated ways to manage risk not just collect risk information.
For SIVF’s growth a structured process is critical for innovation to scale through all departments in the company. Innovation has to be sponsored and strongly supported by management. The recommendations provide a platform for future efforts to improve the resilience and enhance the brand and safety of care provided by Sydney IVF.

O texto original de John Law compara o fazer ciência em um laboratório com o fazer empresarial. Tanto a cientista quanto o empresário lidam e juntam elementos heterogêneos em busca de determinados fins. Um título alternativo do artigo de John Law seria "A/o cientista como empresário"

Laboratorium merupakan sarana pembelajaran praktik yang memiliki peran strategis dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Pembelajaran praktik di Laboratorium bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa. Keberhasilan pembelajaran praktik di Laboratorium/Bengkel sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai  faktor diantaranya adalah sarana dan prasarana, kelengkapan peralatan di laboratorium, sumber daya manusia dan manajemen. Banyak Laboratorium sekolah tidak dapat berfungsi secara optimal dikarenakan oleh kurang baiknya manajemen. Untuk menjamin bahwa peralatan dan bahan yang ada di Laboratorium siap pakai setiap saat, dibutuhkan pengelolaan, perawatan dan perencanaan yang baik. Untuk dapat mewujudkan hal di atas diperlukan Kepala Laboratorium dan teknisi/laboran yang kompeten dan mempunyai pemahaman dan pengalaman dalam bidang manajemen Laboratorium. Materi ini akan membahas bagaimana manajemen laboratorium sekolah yang tepat untuk menghadapi era revolusi industri 4.0

Is Moratory still important for Indonesia? Especially moratorium on sending migrant workers to Saudi Arabia. This study aim to critize and evaluate the moratorium which start when President Yudhono decided on a moratorium on sending migrant workers to Saudi Arabia from August 1, 2011. The overseas labor market is a challenge and potential to be responded to by professional, effective and efficient management of workers. Indonesia reported receives foreign exchange from labor abroad more than IDR 100 trillion per year before 2011. In 2011 Indonesia conducted a moratorium on sending migrant workers to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Syria and Jordan. The moratorium of migrant workers has a negative effect that is the decrease of foreign exchange that affects the state budget Factors driving Indonesian labor abroad are economic factors. It is because of there are no job opportunities in the country. There are two inhibiting factors in gaining access to work, first from within a person because of the low quality of one’s education, low skills, health and culture (poverty culture).

Keywords: Moratory, Labor, Migrants, Saudi Arabia, Labor, Worker

Despite the guidance that is in place, many regulatory cite poor OOS investigations and these features high up on lists of inspectorate findings. Failure to conduct detailed OOS investigations or not producing OOS investigations of sufficient quality regularly features among the top five inspection findings from European Union regulatory agencies and also from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

This paper takes a look at how OOS are conducted and presents different ways through which OOS investigations can be improved. While the OOS concept discussed is generally more applicable to analytical data than microbiological data, there are aspects in this paper that will be of interest to all laboratory disciplines working in a regulated GMP environment. The paper provides some best practice tips and short case study.

1. Penggunaan Sungkup (Lemari Asam) yang Tidak Benar • Gambaran umum : Di pelajaran ini, sungkup kimia tidak digunakan dengan benar. • Kasus : Bahan kimia, termasuk asam dan basa kuat dari berbagai konsentrasi, ditinggalkan di dalam sungkup (lemari asam). Sungkup (lemari asam) berada di luar ruang dispensing dan dapat diakses oleh siswa di laboratorium pengajaran. Salah satu engsel pintu lemari lepas dan kusen sungkup tertutup sebagian oleh poster tanda peringatan yang dilem, bertuliskan " Siswa Dilarang Masuk. " Saat kipas dimatikan, sungkup (lemari asam) tidak memiliki aliran udara. • Penanganan : memandu peserta mengetahui bahaya-bahaya situasi ini, termasuk lokasi sungkup (lemari asam), kerusakannya, dan keteraksesannya oleh para siswa. Minta peserta mengembangkan langkah-langkah tindakan untuk memulihkan situasi ini dan mengidentifikasi penanggung jawabnya. 2. Aliran Udara yang Tidak Merata di Sungkup Asam Bahan Kimia • Gambaran umum : Pelajaran ini menyajikan masalah aliran udara yang tidak merata di tudung asam kimia. • Kasus : Tudung asam kimia memiliki aliran udara yang tidak merata, bahkan saat kusennya tertutup. Misalnya, kadang alirannya 120 kaki per menit pada kuadran kanan dan 50 kaki per menit pada kuadran kiri. Alasan tidak meratanya aliran adalah rak bahan kimia yang separuhnya menutupi sisi kiri sungkup. • Penanganan : memandu peserta untuk mengetahui bahaya mengoperasikan sungkup yang aliran udaranya tidak merata. Minta peserta mengembangkan langkah-langkah tindakan untuk memulihkan situasi ini dan mengidentifikasi penanggung jawab pemeliharaan sungkup 3. Penggunaan Freezer Laboratorium yang Tidak Benar • Gambaran Umum: Dalam pelajaran ini, freezer di laboratorium penelitian tidak dipelihara dengan benar, dan es telah menumpuk. • Kasus : Freezer di laboratorium penelitian belum di-defrost dalam waktu lama, dan es telah menumpuk di ruang freezer. Es telah mengeras dan menutupi beberapa bahan kimia yang ditinggalkan oleh peneliti yang sudah tidak bekerja di laboratorium lagi. • Penanganan : memandu peserta mengetahui bahaya-bahaya situasi di lemari es. Selain, itu, bantu mereka memahami pentingnya membuang semua bahan kimia yang terkait dengan pekerja laboratorium sebelumnya. Minta peserta mengembangkan langkah-langkah tindakan untuk memulihkan situasi ini dan mengidentifikasi penanggung jawabnya. 4. Mengatasi Masalah Keamanan dan Keselamatan Pembelian Bahan • Gambaran Umum : Pelajaran ini menguraikan tantangan-tantangan yang dihadapi oleh rektor universitas yang baru saja diangkat dan harus memastikan tudung asam kimia digunakan dengan benar dan bahan kimia disimpan dengan aman. • Kasus : Rektor universitas yang baru diangkat tersebut memeriksa laboratorium dan memperhatikan bahwa siswa dan staf melakukan eksperimen yang menghasilkan uap berbahaya di meja laboratorium. Saat ditanya mengapa mereka tidak melakukan pekerjaan tersebut di tudung asam kimia, anggota staf menjawab bahwa tidak tersedia ruang sungkup. Pemeriksaan cepat menunjukkan bahwa sungkup digunakan untuk

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В статье рассматривается опыт проведения междисциплинарной лаборатории, изучающей проблематику тела и телесной репрезентации в контексте интернета. В результате лаборатории было реализовано восемь индивидуальных проектов исследований тела в интернете, а также проведена коллективная рефлексия опыта работы дистанционной команды. В качестве основного фокуса внимания выбраны форма и методы коллективного исследовательского проекта, изучающего тела в интернете посредством самого интернета: исследующего тела других, но также рефлексирующего собственный опыт. Вслед за работой о жизни научной лаборатории Латура авторы статьи ставят задачу рассмотреть на эмпирическом материале возникающую новую форму: распределенные междисциплинарные исследовательские проекты, претендующие на статус альтернативных лабораторий XXI в. Использование предметного поля, связанного с телом, а также технологиями опосредования телесной репрезентации и телесно-сенсорного опыта, с одной стороны, преследует цель объединения оф- и онлайн-опыта в единое целое, а с другой - предоставляет возможность увидеть возникающую в онлайн-практиках дистанцию. Тело предстает не только как опыт, here body, но как форма - индивидуальная, коллективная, множественная, распределенная, динамическая, тогда как необходимость технологического опосредования становится вызовом для вовлеченности в совместную работу, кооперации и, в широком смысле, интеграции. Новая, «подключенная» к интернету реальность распределенных исследовательских проектов требует от участников особых навыков и мотивации, без которых междисциплинарность на практике становится неосуществимой. Повышение сложности системы и доступности для участников, кажущейся близости, наблюдается одновременно с процессами атоми-зации - онтологической, социальной, а также физической, ощущаемой на уровне телесно-сенсорного опыта, которую возможно преодолеть.

The goal of this study is to suggest a new approach, called metabolism of
research organizations, which analyzes how labs consume public funding to manage
their structures. A case study of one of the biggest European public research organizations
reveals that public funding for research is mainly used for the cost of personnel,
which has a growth rate higher than revenue (state subsidy and public contracts over
time). This imbalance of growth rates within public research body under study seems to
be a source of organizational inefficiencies. This new approach can support best
practices of R&D management.

En este trabajo, se presenta un proceso de cambio en un Centro Público de Investigación del CONACYT, en el que un grupo de laboratorios que solían pertenecer a grupos de investigación logró la acreditación bajo la norma estándar ISO17025, y se convirtieron en un departamento dedicado a proveer servicios analíticos de laboratorio. Las fuentes de información para este estudio fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas con los actores clave del proceso de cambio e información de reportes institucionales anuales. Se utilizó una codificación teórica examinado la información con la teoría del cambio episódico de Weick y Quinn (1999) como marco de referencia. Se encontró que los principales activadores del cambio fueron diversos elementos de tipo ambiental, estructurales, características de los líderes y la estrategia. El análisis cualitativo permitió interpretar que las barreras presentadas por los elementos inerciales estuvieron princi-palmente relacionadas con la estructura profunda de la organización y la complacencia de cier-tos agentes. El resultado de este trabajo puede ser de especial interés para gerentes que buscan guiar el cambio en instituciones académicas de carácter público, así como agentes de cambio que requieren que un área de orientación académica se convierta en un área con orientación hacia los servicios externos.

Artykuł zawiera przegląd trudności i problemów, jakie powstają na styku pomiędzy nauką i praktyką związaną z technologią inteligentnych budynków. Wskazano wykorzystanie inteligentnego budynku-laboratorium jako rozwiązanie umożliwiające pokonanie tych trudności i problemów. Omówiono zawartość konkretnego budynku-laboratorium, który jest obecnie oddawany do użytku i który może być wykorzystany przez wszystkich zainteresowanych. Artykuł zawiera też obszerny wykaz pozycji literatury związanej z problematyką inteligentnych budynków. Wykaz ten obejmuje zarówno tradycyjne drukowane artykuły i książki, jak również odnośniki do wielu materiałów dostępnych wyłącznie w formie elektronicznej.

Medical laboratories are required to ensure the quality of their diagnostic results. Quality assurance procedures include quality assessments (internal and external), quality controls (negative, positive, or internal controls), equipment monitoring, and audits. Quality control data may be used to evaluate the uncertainty of measurement. All clinical virology laboratories require a standard operating procedure detailing their consideration of uncertainty of measurement, as this parameter may impact on the overall quality of diagnostic results as well as the clinical interpretation thereof. This review aims to provide a simplified approach to the concept of uncertainty of measurement, specific for clinical virology laboratories.

In daily clinical practice, measurements of analytes, such as hormones, vitamins, and drugs, are recorded and compared against reference values to determine whether they are within " normal " parameters. Obviously, such clinical result are not derived from a single measurements, but are the result of a complex analytical procedure that uses many processes to obtain a value close to the real concentration of the analyte. This article discusses the mathematical operations that permit the creation of these clinical results. Operations that are relevant to any chemical analysis.