Industrial Heritage

Machines are designed to move, and that movement is fundamental to their significance, both in their service lives and in subsequent lives as heritage. Movement, and particularly operation, contributes to maintaining the intangible heritage of how to operate and maintain machines, as well as the affective and sensory experiences associated with their operation. Movement also helps to preserve the physical fabric of machines by facilitating actions such as the circulation of lubricants and rotation of pressure points. Movement can, however, also have negative effects on the preservation of original physical material through wear and component failure, and many museums find the cost and expertise requirements for moving heritage machines daunting. These challenges mean that many machines are stored and displayed as static items, despite the consequent loss of intangible heritage, the development of stress and corrosion problems, and the lack of opportunities for audiences to develop personal and emotional connections with the machines. This paper argues that partial or full movement strategies should be considered to be a normal and important aspect of preventive care of heritage machinery, to ensure that the tangible and intangible significance of that machinery is appropriately preserved. The paper draws on research into the conservation of contemporary kinetic and time-based art, which deals with similar challenges.

È posizione condivisa che la rigenerazione urbana sia ormai una necessità, nonché l’orizzonte principale a cui deve tendere ogni intervento sulla città contemporanea. Nell’ampia gamma di azioni che vengono ricondotte a tale
termine, tuttavia, convivono approcci diversi. Se la crisi economica ha rallentato e bloccato numerosi interventi di ristrutturazione urbanistica avviati su grandi aree dismesse, dando origine a progetti interrotti e segnalando la necessità di innovare gli strumenti urbanistico-finanziari a supporto di tali trasformazioni, emerge una riflessione disciplinare vivace, che si interroga sulla concreta applicabilità del riciclo e dell’adaptive reuse, ma che si scontra con le ancora forti inerzie delle modalità d’intervento correnti, riconducibili ai più tradizionali modelli di progetto urbano
integrato degli anni ’80 e ’90. Tale diversità nel modus operandi è riscontrabile anche in realtà urbane geograficamente prossime e simili per storia e assetti socio-economici, quali Modena e Reggio Emilia. Nel primo caso, in diverse aree ex-industriali nel quadrante a nord della fascia ferroviaria si è intervenuto con una preventiva tabula rasa. Nel secondo
caso, nel comparto delle ex-Officine Meccaniche Reggiane si sta realizzando un parco per l’innovazione tecnologica riutilizzando i fabbricati industriali storici. La rilettura e il confronto di queste due esperienze consentono di riflettere sulle loro potenzialità e i loro limiti, traendone insegnamenti per future operazioni, auspicate e incentivate dalla nuova
Legge Urbanistica della Regione Emilia-Romagna (2017).

The last quarter of the nineteenth century has been characterised as a period
heralding a decline in participation by British urban elites in the day-to-day activities
of the towns and cities that housed their businesses. It is often argued that these
businessmen withdrew from leadership in the urban sphere and adopted a more
leisurely, country-focused, gentrified lifestyle.1 Recent work has challenged the extent
of elite withdrawal from towns and cities and this paper suggests that it is useful to
consider the period as one of reconfiguration of industrialist engagement with the
Victorian ‘boom town’ rather than one characterised by decline. Taking the North
Eastern England industrial town of Middlesbrough as a case study, this article
highlights evidence of continued industrial elite involvement in the traditional areas
of influence such as municipal and economic life, as well as placing heightened
emphasis on their exercise of authority through leadership of voluntary bodies and
patronage of company-driven initiatives. It is argued that through this evolution of
industrialist urban engagement, Middlesbrough’s steel magnates continued to play a
crucial role in the fabric of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century
‘Ironopolis’ alongside the petite bourgeoisie and working-classes that have often
been portrayed as displacing the industrial elite.

The concept of industrial heritage emerged in the 1960s in line with the efforts of ensure the preservation and sustainability of the values which are evidence of human history. In the 1990s, it started to be the subject of tourism. In this study, the concept of industrial heritage, it’s emergence and development will be examined and the relationship between industrial heritage and tourism will be discussed. In the light of these discussions the location of industrial heritage values will be determined in Turkey’s tourism planning. In addition, industrial heritage values which are under the threat of extinction in Turkey will be questioned how it is evaluated in conservaiton policies. Thus, awareness raising to these values will be supported. In reaching the goal; What is the effect of industrial heritage values on tourism? How are the values of industrial heritage in the world evaluated in tourism? Are the values of industrial heritage considered in Turkey’s tourism planning? In shortly, it will answer how is the industrial heritage and tourism relations in Turkey. The datas collected through literature and archive scanning and case study will be interpreted by making comparisons. In this direction it will be presented recommendations for the industrial heritage tourism relations in Turkey.

Resumo Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo identificar e analisar características materiais das oficinas ferroviárias construídas no estado de São Paulo no período entre 1867 e 1930. A pesquisa se justifica pela importância desse tipo de edificação e pela grande lacuna de estudos nacionais em relação à arquitetura industrial, principalmente relacionados às oficinas ferroviárias. Para o levantamento, foram priorizadas as companhias de maior relevância econômica e as que dispunham de maior número de documentação. Foram consultados relatórios administrativos de algumas companhias férreas paulistas a fim de identificar a localização de suas oficinas e tratados ferroviários do século XIX para compreender alguns aspectos da espacialização das oficinas e bibliografia nacional especializada em arquitetura industrial e ferroviária. Este trabalho resultou em um mapa de localização das oficinas encontradas, através do qual foi possível identificar questões referentes à implantação, composição arquitetônica, materiais e alguns fornecedores estrangeiros. Palavras-chave Edifícios industriais. Oficinas ferroviárias. Inventário. ficinas e depósitos ferroviários: identificação e análise de algumas companhias férreas paulistas (1867-1930) o Tainá Maria Silva

Since 2007, the Laboratory of Cultural Heritage/UNESP team has been developing studies on the industrial transportation heritage. The original purpose was to get to know the industrialization process and the role of transportation in this context-by reaching out to all its remnants (documents, buildings, equipment, places, oral narratives, etc.) in order to understand how its implementation took place in the state of São Paulo and its consequences in different areas (social, political, cultural, technological or economic). At the same time, the direct contact with the preservation conditions of such remnants led to patrimonial issues (identification, valuation, public recognition, conservation and dissemination). Over the years, our research on the physical remains of the railway operation in the state of São Paulo has pointed out the current condition of the following elements for research and preservation: its dispersion (as documentary sources or material vestige) and preservation obstacles; the need to reach out to several sources (documentary, oral) and material remains. We understand it is necessary to establish a cross-sectional approach that can support both the archaeological issues of the industrial remains and issues related to the preservation of the industrial heritage. It is now clear that one must undertake a rigorous practice of disciplinary research (conceptual review, consistent tools and resources to different sources) and then move to a multidisciplinary effort (a strong combination of instruments from diverse areas) in relation to the theme of preservation of industrial patrimony. Finally, based on the considerations reached during the team's investigations, both the historical complexity of transportation in contemporary society and the complexity of the study and management of the railway industrial heritage became clear.

Como modo de sobrevivência e adaptação às dinâmicas de produção e de mercado à escala global, a indústria de calçado portuguesa tem levado a cabo uma reestruturação produtiva e de negócio, com aposta no design e na modernização tecnológica, mas também na recuperação de modelos de produção artesanal. A partir de uma etnografia numa fábrica de calçado em Portugal, este artigo pretende tomar em atenção o quotidiano fabril de centros tradicionais de produção industrial, que em resposta a dinâmicas de mercado que procuram ancorar no passado artesanal a abertura no presente para novos modelos económicos, vivem o seu dia-a-dia no equilíbrio entre a recuperação de modos de fazer artesanais e a sua exibição. No cruzamento entre discursos de marketing e práticas de produção, procura-se a mobilização e a negociação de fronteiras entre conceitos como património e economia e, saberes-fazer artesanais e produção industrial.

To survive and to adapt to global production and market dynamics, the Portuguese footwear industry is restructuring their production and business models, focusing on design and technological innovation, and the revival of artisanal production practices. Based on an ethnography of a shoe factory in Portugal, this article discusses the day-to-day of an industrial production sites that - in response to market dynamics that seek to revive the artisanal past to open up new economic opportunities – seek to reconcile the revival of traditional ways of making and modern modes of exhibition. Contrasting marketing discourses and production practices, the article analyzes the negotiation of the boundaries of concepts like “heritage” and “economy”, exploring the artisanal knowledge and modern techniques of industrial production.

The archaeology of postindustrial landscapes is still relatively undeveloped. The impact of economic, social, and urban development efforts on both tangible and intangible heritage complicate our attempts to understand these places. Despite this, integrating heritage practice and promotion into the regeneration of a postindustrial landscape continues to grow in popularity. Within this context, genuine public-expert collaboration is the most effective means towards developing a sustainable compromise between protecting community heritage values and fostering economic development and regeneration. In this paper, we suggest three broad categories of challenges for studying and promoting heritage in postindustrial regions – physical, social, and political – and propose a digital data-focused geospatial approach to how community archaeologists and heritage specialists may overcome these challenges. We argue that coupling this data and technology with a robust research agenda and public programming can serve as a crucial two-way link, enabling long-term sustainable heritage-promotion and protection in post-industrial communities.

Este artigo é o resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no ano de 2011 cumprindo a determinação da COMPHAAN relativa à necessidade de um levantamento histórico da Fábrica Linhas Corrente em Joinville, como objetivo de contar a sua história e as experiências vivenciadas na fábrica no decorrer do século XX, a partir de documentos e da metodologia da História Oral. Baseado em referências de patrimônio cultural, história de Joinville e a industrialização da cidade no século XX, pesquisa documental em acervos particulares e públicos e depoimentos orais, foi possível perceber que fábrica teve um importante papel no bairro e na cidade e que seus valores e história ainda estão presentes nas imagens e memórias dos que frequentavam o lugar.

Industrial heritage sites are an important part of the built environment. They serve as tangible and intangible links to the past and have the potential to play an important role in the future development of the cities in transition. The transformation that the Albanian economy after the 1990s has resulted in a large number of unused, abandoned, degraded industrial buildings and sites, where many of them are in inappropriate environmental conditions. Nowadays, the phenomenon of industrial heritage that precedes the social and economic development of the country is not fully explored or neglected. This article aims to introduce the regeneration of industrial facilities as a measure of sustainable urban development. The goal is to highlight the adaptive re-use and redevelopment of industrial zones as a strategy for alleviating the adverse effects of climate change. The analysis of four case studies is focused on the industrial heritage of the communist dictatorship period in Tirana. Emphasis has been put on the new concepts of regeneration of industrial areas, which include land recycling, the application of ecological and sustainable solutions. It is concluded that industrial areas contain the potential to become important elements of the cities' sustainable, economic, social, cultural development. The industrial heritage buildings do not deserve to be destroyed, but through adaptive re-use projects with economic, social, and environmental care must be transmitted to other generations.

􏰱The only 􏰲way to meet chang􏰳ing􏰳 economic, urban and social needs is not to build ne􏰲w building􏰳s, but to adapt ex􏰴isting􏰳 structures and continue usin􏰳g them. 􏰵Basing􏰳 on international ex􏰴perience, this article show􏰲s that problems of city of Y􏰖erev􏰗an, the ov􏰗erload in do􏰲wntow􏰲n, the disproportionate urban and economic de􏰗velopment and industrial herita􏰳ge preserv􏰗ation can be sovl􏰗ed not only by building􏰳 new􏰲 building􏰳s but also by transformin􏰳g already ex􏰴isting􏰳 building􏰳s.

􏰡Փոփոխվող տնտեսական, քաղաքաշինական եւ սոցիալական պահանջներին բավարարելու միակ ճանապարհը նոր շինություններ կառուցելը չէ, հնարավոր է նաեւ հարմարեցնել գոյություն ունեցող շինությունները եւ շարունակել օ􏰟գտագործել դրանք։􏰠 Հիմնվելով միջազգային փորձ􏰞ի վրա՝ ցույց է տրված, որ Երեւան քաղաքում առկա խնդիրները՝ քաղաքի կենտտրոնական հատվածի գերծանրաբեռնվածությունը, անհամաչափ քաղաքաշինական եւ տնտեսական զարգացումները հնարավոր է լուծել ոչ միայն նոր շինություններ կառուցելով, այլ արդեն իսկ գոյություն ունեցող շենքերը վերափոխելով􏰠։