Immigration

In this thesis, I sought to determine what language was used on the issue of immigration in the UK prior to the referendum on EU membership. This was accomplished via the use of a discourse analysis, which used the theoretical lense of securitization from the Copenhagen School of International Relations as constructed by Barry Buzan and Ole Wæver. Securitization is a discursive process by which a population accepts an issue as being a matter of security and in need of actions outside of the political norm. This is done via the promotion of a particular issue as an existential threat to something held dear, which is known as a referent object. The period of analysis for this paper is from 1 June 2015 to 23 June 2016 and includes 4 political party manifestos from the 2015 parliamentary election, 22 parliamentary debates, 30 pronouncements from the UK Home Office, and 240 articles from the Daily Mail/MailOnline/The Mail on Sunday (for which full citations can be found in appendix 1 and 2). My findings include  several themes of securitization spread between these primary sources, such as: a consistent concern that the EU was a threat to UK border and immigration control, fear of eastern European immigrants (particularly of low skill), fear of a collapsing NHS and other social welfare services, fear of an inflating population and the effect immigrants are having on those projections, fear of asylum seekers being either economic migrants or potential terrorists, fear of immigrant criminality, and even a fear that the EU itself is at threat from the influx of refugees and migrants. These sentiments were spread between my units of analysis, but were most pronounced from a language perspective from articles in the Daily Mail/MailOnline/The Mail on Sunday. However, the actions proposed in the party manifestos of the Conservative and UKIP party called for actions which violated international norms and treaties, as well as domestic law, thus suggesting that a level of securitization had already taken place. Some of these changes were subsequently discussed and adopted in the course of parliamentary debates. The Home Office abstained from securitization language, but also served to provide guidance for and normalization of actions taken by the parliament that were outside normal political action. On a broader level, I wanted to use this analysis to gain a better insight into the way fear is used in political discourse. This analysis gave view into the way in which a general sense of societal fear can lead to laws that would not otherwise be possible in a more relaxed environment. I also found that the securitization of immigration was weaponized in an effort to persuade the public to vote ‘leave’ in the Brexit referendum.

Америка и мир находятся в процессе краха от чрезмерного роста населения, большинство из них за последнее столетие, и теперь все это, из-за третьего мира людей. Потребление ресурсов и добавление еще 4 миллиардов, около 2100 года, обрушит индустриальную цивилизацию и приведет к голоду, болезням, насилию и войне в ошеломляющих масштабах. Земля теряет по крайней мере 1% своего верхнего слоя почвы каждый год, так как она приближается к 2100, большая часть его потенциала выращивания продуктов питания исчезнет. Миллиарды погибнут, и ядерная война почти наверняка. В Америке это значительно ускоряется благодаря массовой иммиграции и воспроизводству иммигрантов в сочетании со злоупотреблениями, которые стали возможными благодаря демократии. Развратная человеческая природа неумолимо превращает мечту о демократии и разнообразии в кошмар преступности и нищеты. Китай будет продолжать подавлять Америку и весь мир, пока он поддерживает диктатуру, которая ограничивает эгоизм. Коренной причиной краха является неспособность нашей врожденной психологии адаптироваться к современному миру, что заставляет людей относиться к неродственным людям так, как будто у них были общие интересы. Идея прав человека является злой фантазией, пропагандируемой левыми, чтобы отвлечь внимание от беспощадного разрушения земли безудержным 3-м мировым материнством. Это, а также незнание базовой биологии и психологии, приводит к заблуждению социальной инженерии частично образованных, которые контролируют демократические общества. Немногие понимают, что если вы помогаете одному человеку, вы вредите кому-то другому – нет бесплатного обеда, и каждый предмет, который кто-то потребляет, разрушает землю не подлежит ремонту. Следовательно, социальная политика во всем мире является неустойчивой, и один за одним все общества без строгого контроля над эгоизмом рухнет в анархию или диктатуру. Самые основные факты, почти никогда не упоминаемые, таковы, что в Америке или мире не хватает ресурсов для того, чтобы вывести значительную часть бедного населения из нищеты и удержать их там. Попытка сделать это обанкротила Америку и разрушила мир. Способность Земли производить пищу уменьшается с каждым днем, как и наше генетическое качество. И теперь, как всегда, самым большим врагом бедных являются другие бедные, а не богатые. Без драматических и немедленных изменений нет надежды на предотвращение распада Америки или любой страны, которая следует демократической системе.

Gli stranieri sono costantemente aumentati mentre i reati complessivi, in Italia, sono costantemente diminuiti (Pesaresi, 2019). Per cui, in base ad un ragionamento logico, sembrerebbe che gli stranieri commettano meno reati degli italiani ma questo contrasta con il numero degli stranieri detenuti che costituiscono un terzo di tutti i carcerati, più del triplo della quota di stranieri in Italia. Il fenomeno, in realtà, è molto complesso e va approfondito. Per questo si è cercato di indagare se l'andamento dei reati complessivi sia in qualche modo legata alla presenza degli stranieri in Italia oppure, più direttamente, se i tassi di criminalità di italiani e stranieri divergono ed eventualmente in che misura.

Relicensing requirements for professionals who move across borders are widespread. In this article, we measure the effects of occupational licensing by exploiting an immigrant physician retraining assignment rule. Instrumental variables and quantile treatment effects estimates indicate large returns to acquiring an occupational license and negative selection into licensing status. We also develop a model of optimal license acquisition that, together with the empirical results, suggests that stricter relicensing requirements may lead not only to practitioner rents but also to lower average quality of service in the market for physicians.

This article develops and estimates an on-the-job search model of the entry of highly skilled immigrants from the former Soviet Union into the Israeli labor market. The estimated parameters of the model, together with information on the wages of immigrants from earlier waves, imply that, on average, immigrants can expect lifetime earnings to fall short of the lifetime earnings of comparable natives by 57%. Of this figure, 14 percentage points reflect frictions associated with nonemployment and job distribution mismatch, and 43 percentage points reflect the gradual adaptation of imported schooling and experience to the local labor market.

Os Estados Unidos e o mundo estão em colapso por causa do crescimento excessivo da população, a maior parte do século passado, e agora tudo, por causa das pessoas do terceiro mundo. O consumo de recursos e a adição de 4.000.000.000 mais do que cerca de 2100 vão colapsar a civilização industrial e causar fome, doença, violência e guerra em uma escala surpreendente. A terra perde pelo menos 1% do seu solo superior a cada ano, de modo que se aproxima de 2100, a maior parte de sua capacidade de crescimento alimentar desaparecerá. Bilhões morrerão e a guerra nuclear é muito segura. Nos Estados Unidos, isso está sendo muito acelerado pela imigração em massa e pela reprodução de imigrantes, combinada com os abusos que tornam possível a democracia. A natureza humana depravada transforma inexoravelmente o sonho da democracia e da diversidade num pesadelo de criminalidade e de pobreza. A China continuará a sobrecarregar os Estados Unidos e o mundo, contanto que mantenha a ditadura que limita o egoísmo. A causa raiz do colapso é a incapacidade de nossa psicologia inata para se adaptar ao mundo moderno, levando as pessoas a tratar pessoas não relacionadas como se tivessem interesses comuns. A idéia de direitos humanos é uma fantasia maligna promovida pelos esquerdos para chamar a atenção para longe da destruição implacável da terra por maternidade irrestrita do terceiro mundo. Isso, além da ignorância da biologia básica e da psicologia, leva ao desilusões de engenharia social dos parcialmente educados que controlam as sociedades democráticas. Poucos entendem que se você ajudar uma pessoa, você prejudicar outra pessoa, não há almoço livre, e cada item que alguém consome destrói a terra além do reparo. Como resultado, as políticas sociais em todos os lugares são insustentáveis, e uma por uma todas as sociedades sem controles rigorosos sobre o egoísmo entrará em colapso em anarquia ou ditadura. Os fatos mais básicos, quase nunca mencionados, são que não há recursos suficientes nos Estados Unidos ou no mundo para levantar uma percentagem significativa dos pobres fora da pobreza e mantê-los lá. A tentativa de fazer isso é a falência da América e a destruição do mundo. A capacidade da terra de produzir alimentos diminui diariamente, assim como a nossa qualidade genética. E agora, como sempre, o maior inimigo dos pobres é outro pobre homem e não os ricos. Sem mudanças dramáticas e imediatas, não há nenhuma esperança de impedir o colapso dos Estados Unidos, ou de todo o país que segue um sistema democrático.

ABSTRACT
Mexican women in both the United States and Mexico face uneven landscapes of benefits and discourses as they negotiate family members’ health. Building on two decades of ethnographic research, I explore how Mexican mothers navigate social and medical services, food provision, food preparation and health, and describe some of the ways that governments in each country abdicate responsibility for shaping structural constraints on citizens’ health.
Transnational “mother blame” is a pattern that builds on tropes about the
simultaneous responsibility and incapacity of women to ensure their  family’s health, while offering new articulations of responsibility in neoliberal, globalized, transnational contexts in which flexible care arrangements are both necessary and denigrated.
SPANISH ABSTRACT
Lasmujeres mexicanas en México tanto como en los Estados Unidos enfrentan una compleja gama de riesgos, beneficios y discursos al navegar la salud de sus familias. En base de dos décadas de investigación etnográfica, exploro las maneras en que las madres mexicanas navegan servicios sociales y médicos, provisión y preparación de alimentos, y la salud, y las maneras en que los
estados de cada país niegan su responsabilidad al influir en los factores
estructurales que afectan la salud de sus ciudadanos. “La culpa de la madre” es un patrón transnacional que descansa en ideas antiguas sobre la simultánea responsabilidad e incapacidad de las mujeres por asegurar la salud de sus familias, mientras se articulan nuevas formas de responsabilizar y promover el auto-cuidado en contextos transnacionales, globalizados, en los cuales los arreglos flexibles para cuidar a los miembros de las familias se ven a la vez necesarios y denigrados.

Accession of the Republic of Croatia to the EU has prompted numerous legal reforms and amendments. One of them was a major administrative court reform the main result of which was the new Administrative Disputes Act adopted in 2010 and coming into force 2012. One of the issues it regulates is the judicial control in general, and together with Foreigners Act from 2011 defines control of administrative acts and measures regarding unlawful residence of foreigners in Croatia, which is the subject of the analysis in this paper. The paper is divided in three main parts. Basic features of migrations and its consequences on European and domestic regulation are explained in the first part of the paper. Second part of the paper is focused on the procedural aspect of migrations, namely on the unlawful residence of foreigners from the perspective of the administrative courts. The final part of the paper draws certain conclusions based on the preceding analysis. The main focus of the paper is an analysis of the specificities of administrative courts' control, such as the shortness of deadlines, oral hearings as an exception, particularities of the engagement of the parties before the court, etc. Paper elaborates in detail the normative arrangement of unlawful residence in Croatia and differences between Foreigners Act and Administrative Disputes Act through analysis of the relevant domestic and Euro-pean regulative framework and case law. With this, the paper hopes to contribute in solving at least some of the numerous legal problems associated with the current migrant and refugee crisis from the perspective of the European and Croatian administrative law.

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Migration is a recurrent phenomenon of human history because it is a successful adaptive strategy of human beings. Although migration today is not of a greater magnitude than in the past, it attracts a great deal of media and academia attention. The present wave of non-Western immigrants into the United States and Europe caused, apart from myriad economic, social and political problems, an ideological dispute between globalism and right-wing populism. Both ideological approaches attract many zealots who spread extreme opinions and poison the whole political life. Using the scholastic method, I examined some opposing points of view of globalists and right-wing populists on several topics regarding non-Western immigration: border control, illegal immigration, limitations of legal immigration, refugee relocation quotas and cultural integration of immigrants. The globalists’ and right-wing populists’ theses and arguments were checked in regard with established authorities, available factual data and human reason. Highlighting some important topics relating to immigration problem and weighing the main arguments used by globalists and right-wing populists, I also indicate several points of compromise that could help people to moderate their political opinions.

After 1905, civil courts refused to legislate in a definitive manner on child custody cases between Russian Jews for two decades. The impossibility of getting divorced, combined with legal constraints on married women stemming from the French Civil Code negatively affected custody outcomes for Russian Jewish women, as well as French women who became Russian by marriage. Focusing on this issue of child custody cases between Russian Jewish couples, this article explores the impact of judicial pluralism on the children born of immigrant Jewish families in France in the early twentieth century.