Design Research

Interfaces that subvert, substitute, or augment the relationship between acting and sensing make interesting tools for experimentation in artistic research. Amongst them, tactile vision interfaces, which enable people to experience to "see with their skin", have particular appeal. However, surprisingly few such interfaces are used by artists. In the present work we take a first look at how the artistic potential of tactile vision interfaces could be unlocked. On the basis of related artistic work, we argue that an accessible, generalizable and learnable interface is needed to enable artists to explore the possibilities of tactile vision. Subsequently, we present ongoing research that revolves around the development of such a tactile vision interface. A case study is presented that informs the development of a new prototype of this interface that overcomes two key limitations in its purpose to unlock the artistic potential of tactile vision.

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review of the latest developments of Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research while introducing ephemeral observations on the papers published in Vol. 13 No. 1, March 2019.

Design/methodology/approach
Through a classification of topical contents and an identification of the procedures employed in the studies published in this edition, a reflective narrative on emerging concepts and themes is developed to acknowledge and briefly outline these studies.

Findings
The discussion conveys the multiplicity and diversity in architectural and urban research where seven themes are identified from 13 papers contributed by researchers from academic institutions in eight countries. Themes include spheres of inquiry; autism and the spatial environment; communication dynamics and professional practice; assemblage aesthetic and place attachment; housing and urbanity in Istanbul; placemaking and sustainability in the Gulf; and from the Doric order to State mosques.

Originality/value
Establishing key characteristics of various types of research and the originality and values involved would enable engaged and enhanced contributions in architectural and urban research. The identification of themes stimulates the re-thinking of responsive concepts and issues of concerns while invigorating future research endeavors.

As a specific 'diagrammatic documentality and inscription' (logic and dynamics), ‘design intelligence strategy’ has been proposed as a possible modality of architecturally constructed research framework and digital cognitive/memory instrument and extension, applied in order to facilitate and support any kind of documentary or creative practice with data and scientific problematisation, within the field of design research and science. It has been given the status of a ‘diagram’ - an active principle, manner or register of knowledge acquisition, production, testing and critique, evaluation, advancement, and restructuring through data-compression, analysis, and articulation. As the problem solving has been performed by means of its specific diagrammatic inferencing and visual semiotics, the field of 'diagrammatics' has been put to the forefront as substantial to both the internal relational logic of a certain thinking regime (immanence) and external meta-logic that puts this strategy into a superior meta-position (transcendence).

Design intelligence strategy rests upon the eleven-degree-set of properties by which it can be constituted and defined as a methodological platform to be used in design research and science. They include:
01. meta-level processing: the post-disciplinary metacognitive strategy;
02. diagrammatics and diagrammatic thinking strategy;
03. timeline and palimpsest strategies: macro-historical and micro-historical inferencing and connectivities;
04. topological thinking (some forms of diagrammatic inferencing may be analysed as a variety of topological);
05. networking (relational) strategy;
06. spatial thinking: data-scaping and mapping in multidimensional virtual environment (data-architecture strategy);
07. memory palace strategy (digital interpretation);
08. quantum logic decidability;
09. dynamic complexity and adaptability strategies (e.g. '(dynamic) fields' concept: data-fields);
10. data forensics: information reliability questioning and validation;
11. creative interactive thinking.

The article is devoted to the issue of deviations of research procedure from
the pattern of methodological correctness expressed in the specific methodological
rigors. Standard of communication of the research course and its results are also
encompassed by the rigors. The text considers the issue of factors determining the
occurrence of these deviations, cataloguing these deviations and the issue of the
relationship between the author and the reader determined by the awareness of
weaknesses in the research procedure exposed in the research report. Therefore,
a model explaining this relationship and related classes of communication situations
formed around the empirical report is proposed. This model could be a starting point
for research on the social legitimacy of deviations from the pattern of methodological
correctness and standards of scientific communication.

Teknolojik objeler, var olmaya başladıkları zamandan beri kurguları, etkileri ve aktör olma yetileri ile ilgili tartışılmaktadırlar. Bu objelerin kurgusundaki tüm etmenler gibi endüstriyel tasarımcılar da kendi pratiklerini sorgulamakta ve yeniden tanımlamaktadır. Özellikle 1980’lerden itibaren teknolojik objeler bağlamında irdelenen maddeliğin azalması ve maddesel olmama durumu, endüstriyel tasarım süreçlerinde karakter ve senaryo üretimi, hikayeleştirme gibi anlatı temelli pratiklerin üretilmesini arttırdı (Bleecker, 2009; Dunne, 2005). Ancak bu anlatılar, özellikle tasarım eğitiminde kullanıldıklarında nüanslı ve sorgulayıcı olmayı teşvik etmelerine rağmen gerek öğrencilerin bu tekniklerin kullanımındaki yetersizlikleri, gerekse de bu tekniklerin kullanımıyla oluşan sonuçların pratiğe aktarılamaması nedeniyle gelecek teknolojik objelerin fikirleştirilmesinde ve tartışılmasında yetersiz kalabilmektedirler (M. A. Blythe & Wright, 2006).

Although the developments in autonomous devices create new design opportunities for designers, when it comes to the interaction, existing methods remain lacking to deal with the increasing complexity of those devices. It might be because literature for involving designers to the development in devices that are driven by the technology is inadequate. For that reason, the tools embody high technologies that require huge investments result in disappointing experiences for people. The Uber autonomous car accident and people's quick reaction to this incident is a very recent example of this proposition. Thus, we pick on this accident and questioned if it is possible to collect information from people's online comments to create design scenarios for future solutions of autonomous devices. We collected cars, futurology and technology themed comments from a widely used content aggregation platform, Reddit, and employed thematic analysis to gain insights from people's reaction to an emerging technology. We specified actors in the accident, environmental factors that have been effective in the accident and actors that found to be guilty according to the tone of the commenters. As a result, we proposed a way for using that kind of fast analysis to create design scenarios contributing to the direction of emerging technologies.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of turning parameters on the surface integrity of Inconel 718. The turning parameters studied were cutting speed of 90, 120, 150 m/min, feed rate of 0.15, 0.25, 0.25mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mm under minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) using coated carbide tool. surface response methodology (RSM) design of experiment using Box-Behnken approach has been employed consisting of various combination of turning parameters Surface roughness, surface topography, microstructure and the micro hardness of the machined surface were studied after the machining process. Feed rate was found to be the most significant parameter affecting the surface roughness. The optimum parameter was obtained with Ra equal to 0.243 µm at cutting speed of 150 m/min, feed rate of 0.25 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.3mm. A mathematical model for surface roughness was developed using Response Surface Methodology. The effect of turning parameters and fac...

The present study aims to provide a brief guideline to novice researchers that how to develop research questionnaire, research paradigm and theory in a survey based research. Using pragmatic approach, this study has discussed questionnaire development process in detail including questionnaire wording and formatting. Extending to this research paradigms and theory levels have been discussed. This study goes a step further and described sampling issues such as selecting appropriate sample size. Moreover, research methods for instance quantitative and qualitative research methods have been discussed. The main contribution of this study was to examine the sampling size issue. A meticulous review has bared the exact sample size that is supported by different researchers. Banking sector has been used for the development of questionnaire and sample size selection. Overall this article is designed to give beginner researchers advice and support to help them to design good questionnaires, to maximize their response rate, and to undertake appropriate data analysis.

This paper addresses the question of what design tools are, how they work and how they can be used for architectural design. By surveying the body of research published over the last ten years, we now can formulate new answers regarding the initial questions.

Der vorliegende Beitrag gewährt einen Einblick in die Praxis entwurfsbasierter Interventionen im Kontext transdisziplinärer Forschung und zeigt, wie Entwurfspraktiken, die in Designprozessen zur Anwendung kommen, in Prozessen kooperativer und partizipativer Wissens- und Erkenntnisgenerierung fruchtbar gemacht werden können. Es wird dargelegt, wie durch die Arbeit mit Entwürfen heterogene Perspektiven und Wissensbestände aufeinander bezogen und Momente der Integration erzeugt werden können. Nach einer Charakterisierung des Designs und der Designforschung sowie deren gängigen Methoden, werden Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Designforschung und transdisziplinärer Forschung ausgelotet, um den Transfer von Entwurfspraktiken zur Unterstützung von Integrationsprozessen in transdisziplinären Teams zu rahmen. Anhand eines Beispiels aus einer Fallstudie in Transsylvanien wird der Einsatz von Entwurfsmethoden in transdisziplinären Prozessen exemplarisch gezeigt und werden erste Erkenntnisse aus der empirischen Arbeit vorgestellt. Ein Konzept verschiedener Integrationsdimensionen aus den transdisziplinären Nachhaltigkeitswissenschaften dient als Grundlage für die Untersuchung der epistemischen, sozial-organisatorischen und kommunikativen Integrationsleistung von Entwurfsmethoden. Für die Praxis transdisziplinärer Forschung, aber auch für die Erforschung transdisziplinärer Integrations- und Interventionsprozesse eröffnet sich mit der Entwurfspraxis ein Feld, das den methodischen Kanon des Arbeitens in heterogenen Teams erweitert.

This paper utilizes social network analysis and multivariate statistical methods to quantitatively analyse co-authorship patterns between 2000 and 2015 in 13 influential design research journals. The results indicate that the importance and propensity of co-authorship is expanding in design research. Furthermore, the impact of an article, measured by year-adjusted citation counts, is significantly greater when it is co-authored. The structure of the co-authorship network is mostly comprised of small yet unconnected groups of authors, who seldom collaborate beyond a single article.