Cyberculture

Desde a década de 2000, o mercado de mangás no Brasil conta com um relevante fandom consumidor que discute e organiza eventos. Contudo, com o advento da internet, as opiniões e ações destes fãs passaram a interferir, de forma cada vez mais incisiva, nas decisões de mercado de grandes editoras. Narrativas que antes dependiam de grandes emissoras e editoras para adentrar o mercado nacional, hoje são acessíveis graças à livre tradução e distribuição de fãs no espaço virtual. Este artigo resulta de uma breve investigação de viés exploratório e alicerçada no levantamento de dados biblio-gráficos sobre esta nova dimensão na distribuição de mangás. O evento para fãs Anime Friends e as atividades do blog MBB Anikenkai ilustram e confirmam a existência deste novo cenário. Abre-se um novo horizonte de investigações: o da análise da distribuição dos mangás e das suas diferentes faces midiáticas, levando em conta a interação entre fãs e editoras de mangá.

This dissertation investigates the moral issues related to the circulation of humanitarian campaign KONY 2012 on the Internet, which was created by the organization Invisible Children (IC) in 2012. This campaign has asked people to request international authorities for military support to the Uganda’s government so it can extinguish the actions of Joseph Kony, a leader of a movement responsible for the committal of many heinous crimes. This research is justified by the need to understand the cyber mediated communication and cultural phenomena, which put to the test modes of socialization and political organization, ethical standards and moral positions. Thus, this study is developed with observations and historical and sociological confrontations, seeking to understand the ambiguities and paradoxes of contemporary socialities. Based on methodological perspective indicated by Rüdiger (2011), this phenomenon is studied in two axes: movement and countermovement. The KONY 2012 movement consists in audiovisual productions and text comments that were important to the popularization of the cause. In its turn, the countermovement KONY 2012, in addition of severous audiovisual productions and text comments, also consists of actions that denied the campaign. To conduct the reflections about this subject, this study was guided by theoretical discussions about morals and morality in the postmodern world, based in Giddens (1991), Lipovestky (1994), Vattimo (1994) and Bauman (1997) perspectives. In this investigation, we realized that the movement and countermovement KONY 2012 showed that, despite the
apparent unquestionability of the cause, the moral responsibility in the postmodern context remains complex and problematic. On the one hand, it records the possibility of free encounter with other worlds and ways; of the enjoyment of the free will, as an oscillatory experience
between belonging and rootlessness in the society of generalized communication. On the other hand, the situation of morality in this context reveals the irresponsibility of subjects: the experimentation and the everyday spontaneous fruition, of the being and of the living on the
basis of aesthetic sense, seem to be the best interests. Thus, we discuss that the said emancipatory technologies are not favorable when there is lack of awareness and moral responsibility.

Cause célèbre rozumiana jako narracja o przestępstwie pełni w kulturze Zachodu szczególną rolę. Kulturowe kulisy spraw kryminalnych analizowali tak wpływowi uczeni jak Michel Foucault czy ci spośród historyków kultury, którym bliska była praktyka historiograficzna znana jako mikrohistoria. Dostrzegli oni w causes célèbres nie tylko precyzyjne odzwierciedlenie bieżących problemów życia codziennego, ale również mentalności, przekonań i obyczajów członków społeczności lokalnych, czyli ich szeroko pojętej kultury. W miarę rozwoju dwudziestowiecznych mediów masowych antagonista cause célèbre zyskał status gwiazdy, a opowieść o jego poczynaniach zaczęła być modelowana na wzór narracji filmowych. Obecnie zaś, dzięki popularyzacji social media, cause célèbre nabrała nowego wymiaru, dając początek specyficznej odmianie mikrocelebryty, czyli krymibrycie. Postaci takie zyskują na społecznym znaczeniu również w Polsce, którą długo omijał fenomen kultu przestępcy-gwiazdy.

Artykuł omawia cyberkulturową praktykę lokującą się się na pograniczu cyberaktywizmu i dziennikarstwa obywatelskiego – amatorskie śledztwa kryminalne prowadzone przez grupy użytkowników mediów społecznościowych przy użyciu narzędzi informatycznych. Od czasu szeroko dyskutowanego udziału użytkowników Reddita, 4chana i Twittera w poszukiwaniu sprawców ataku terrorystycznego w Bostonie (2013) – krytykowanego w filmie dokumentalnym Zamach w Bostonie. Śledztwo w Sieci (The Thread, reż. Greg Baker, 2015) –  takie działania społeczności online wywołują panikę moralną. Dzięki przewadze czasowej nad tradycyjnymi mediami ich użytkownicy unikają nadzoru instytucji państwowych, dokonują aktów przechwytywania causes célèbres, naruszają porządek agenda-setting, odbierają profesjonalistom dominującą rolę w procesie konstruowania popularnych narracji, uzurpują sobie zakazaną wiedzę, demaskują kreacyjną naturę wydarzeń medialnych, wreszcie próbują tworzyć polityczne grupy lobbingowe. Wyrażają w ten sposób opór wobec fenomenu, który Daniel Yankelovich opisał jako „pełzający ekspertyzm” (creeping expertism), redefiniując kategorie prawdy, manipulacji, sprawiedliwości i kontroli, a jednocześnie ujawniając kulturowo podzielane kryteria aksjologiczne i schematy poznawcze.

En este artículo se visitan algunos de los lugares comunes de la relación entre internet, la cibercultura y la infancia. En especial se observa la idea de los nativos digitales de Marc Prensky y se la acompaña de otros estereotipos y argumentos aprendidos que suelen tener como consecuencia la reificación y la creación de distancias entre los colectivos adultos y los niños. El artículo argumenta que estas distancias son artificiales y que en la misma construcción de este imaginario es dónde radican los verdaderos peligros de la relación entre internet y los niños.

Cyber-religiosity is a concept proposed for the investigation of
religious phenomena with any kind of relation to the Internet. It is
based on the theory of cyber-religion as a cyber cultural phenomenon
and focused on religiosity. The idea of religiosity draws the attention
to the individual beliefs and religious practices in comparison with
the idea of religion in a conservative conceptualization which puts
emphasis on the institutional, hierarchical and group-focused aspect
of religious coexistence. The approach to cyber-religiosity includes
“religion online/online religion” proposed by Christopher Helland.
Consequently, the interfaces between the digital and the analogous
world concerning religious beliefs and practices are considered.

La presente investigación se propone analizar dos estéticas contemporáneas: el cyberpunk y el vaporwave. Ambas basan su imaginario creativo en una sociedad tecnológica, motivo por el cual se abordan cuáles son sus principales temáticas e iconografías con la finalidad de acercarnos al estudio de sus diferencias y cómo interpretan los nuevos avances tecnológicos, prestando especial atención a la realidad virtual.

The present research intends to analyze two contemporary aesthetics: Cyberpunk and Vaporwave. Both base their creative imagination on a technological society, because of this we try to see what their main themes and iconographies are in order to approach the study of their differences and how they interpret new technological advances with special emphasis in virtual reality.

The task of tracing the new frontiers of the political implies a critical effort that faces a double difficulty: first of all, the confrontation between contemporary political theory and the virtual speed of the present that results in a complex delimitation and circumscription of a new hermeneutic horizon of the public space; and a second obstacle that consists of the construction of the concept of Cyberpolitics itself that, by its paradigmatic nature, involves a transformation and metamorphosis which we will also try to map. This effort will require a genealogical investigation into the concept of Cyberpolitics which derives from Cyberculture studies, but also the mapping of its different...

This scientific paper reports an exploratory study conducted in the form of an action research and sought to identify the meanings of a teacher
about the incorporation of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) / cyberspace in their pedagogical practices. Due to this purpose, we also sought to understand how these resources can be meaningful to the teaching practice in cyberculture, potentializing and instrumentalizing participatory / collaborative strategies. The intervention and data collection actions involved a teacher and her students from two classes of the 6th year of primary education in a
school in the interior of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The field incursions were carried out in traditional spaces of place and cyberspace, with observations, monitoring of virtualized productions and a  semi-structured interview with the teacher. The compilation of empirical data was performed in Atlas.ti software, which assisted in structuring
a Content Analysis. The analytical systematization indicated that there are few Educational Public Policies for the inclusion of the DICT in the school, precarious support of infrastructure and lack of pedagogical support that guides the teachers in activities with those technologies. Another expressive suggestion was that the intervention in the field of research consolidated a moment of unprecedentedness, causing a cultural impact on the pedagogical use of DICT. Finally, the actions of authorship in cyberspace suggested learning gains and signs of reconfiguration of the student’s posture towards the teaching proposals, which favored the beginning of a process of revision of pedagogical beliefs of the teacher collaborating the research.

"La pornographie et la présence d’images pédopornographiques sur Tumblr, c'est fini ! La plateforme et son Chief Exécutive Officer ont annoncé le 3 décembre dernier que « les contenus pour adultes » ne seraient plus autorisés dans une logique de protection des utilisateurs du réseau social."

O surgimento da cibercultura contribuiu não apenas para o advento de uma nova identidade humana, virtual, como também representou uma revolução nos tradicionais conceitos de produtor e receptor de informações. As tecnologias digitais vieram diminuir as distâncias geográficas e permitir o fácil contato entre indivíduos situados nos mais diversos lugares do planeta, representando a quebra das barreiras que impediam ou dificultavam o câmbio de bens culturais entre eles. No contexto da cultura livre, surgida com a crescente informatização da sociedade e a web, as legislações que versam sobre os direitos autorais se veem diante da necessidade de adaptação às mudanças das formas de produção, difusão e distribuição trazidas pelas novas tecnologias. Tendo em vista que os direitos de autor, no contexto brasileiro, conciliam o direito à paternidade e à exploração econômica das obras intelectuais, o conflito entre os interesses públicos – dos usuários da internet – e privados – dos autores e indústrias produtoras de obras culturais – se intensifica, e clama pelo difícil equilíbrio entre os diferentes atores sociais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo levantar uma reflexão a respeito dessas mudanças, na tentativa de traçar um panorama que permita pensar no futuro das discussões sobre as leis que tratam da propriedade intelectual.

Because of the field’s foundational concerns with both social power and media, communication scholars have long been at the center of scholarly thought at the intersection of social change and technology. Early critical scholarship in communication named media technologies as central in the creation and maintenance of dominant political ideologies and as a balm against dissent among the masses. This work detailed the marginalization of groups who faced restricted access to mass media creation and exclusion from representational discourse and images, alongside the connections of mass media institutions to political and cultural elites. Yet scholars also highlighted the ways collectives use media technologies for resistance inside their communities and as interventions in the public sphere.

Following the advent of the World Wide Web in the late 1980s, and the granting of public access to the Internet in 1991, communication scholars faced a medium that seemed to buck the one-way and gatekeeping norms of others. There was much optimism about the democratic potentials of this new technology. With the integration of Internet technology into everyday life, and its central role in shaping politics and culture in the 21st century, scholars face new questions about its role in dissent and collective efforts for social change. The Internet requires us to reconsider definitions of the public sphere and civil society, document the potentials and limitations of access to and creation of resistant and revolutionary media, and observe and predict the rapidly changing infrastructures and corresponding uses of technology—including the temporality of online messaging alongside the increasingly transnational reach of social movement organizing. Optimism remains, but it has been tempered by the realities of the Internet’s limitations as an activist tool and warnings of the Internet-enabled evolution of state suppression and surveillance of social movements. Across the body of critical work on these topics particular characteristics of the Internet, including its rapidly evolving infrastructures and individualized nature, have led scholars to explore new conceptualizations of collective action and power in a digital media landscape.

Электронный  учебно-методический  комплекс  предназначен  для студентов специальностей 1-23 01 08 «Журналистика (по направлениям)» и 1-23 01 09 «Журналистика (международная)». Содержание ЭУМК предполагает знакомство  с  феноменом  социальных  медиа,  их  потенциалом  для журналистской практики, а также изучение методов и инструментов поиска информации, создания и продвижения контента на площадках Web 2.0.

THE NIGHTMARE ON THE INTERNET: ON THE STATUS OF CONTEMPORARY DEMONIC IMAGES

The nightmare is a popular motif from old demonic beliefs. Simultaneously, despite the demise of traditional cultures, it is frequently discussed on various Internet forums. Some Internet users believe in the existence of the nightwmare as a real creature or a force. The article attempts to determine the status and conceptual contexts of contemporary perceptions and narratives concerning this creature. The author’s analysis of Internet users’ comments centerson the following two aspects: (1) the thematic analysis showing how people talk about the nightmare and what meanings they ascribe to it and (2) the analysis of the modalities and functions of accounts and the narrator’s attitude indicating the characteristic ways of “using” the nightmare in Internet discussions. The analysis presented herein is an example of a broader reflection on the status of traditional beliefs in contemporary culture and in the context of conceptions suggesting the return to pre-modern waysof thinking. These conceptions are not confirmed in the case analyzed herein: in electronic communication, the nightmare functions in an untraditional way as it has a variety of meanings and is “used” by Internet users for various purposes, thereby becoming a “tool” enabling gaining popularity and the narrative creation of one’s own image or the building of alliances and communal identities.