An Ordinary Marriage: The World of a Gentry Family in Provincial Russia
by Katherine Pickering Antonova
Forthcoming from Oxford University Press, November 2012
An Ordinary Marriage is the story of the Chikhachevs, middling-income gentry landowners in nineteenth-century... more
An Ordinary Marriage is the story of the Chikhachevs, middling-income gentry landowners in nineteenth-century provincial Russia. In a seemingly strange contradiction, the mother of this family, Natalia, oversaw serf labor and managed finances while the father, Andrei, raised the children, at a time when domestic ideology advocating a woman's place in the home was at its height in European advice manuals. But Andrei Chikhachev defined masculinity as a realm of intellectualism existing symbolically "outside the home." The father's place could be in charge of "moral education," defined as an intellectual task. Managing estates that often barely yielded a livable income was a practical task and therefore considered less elevated, though still vitally important to the family's interests. Thus, estate management was available to gentry women like Natalia Chikhacheva, and the fact that it inevitably expanded their realm of influence and opportunity (within the limits of their estates), and that it increased their centrality to the family's material security relative to their social counterparts to the west, was accidental.
An Ordinary Marriage examines the daily activities and ideas of the family based on multiple overlapping diaries and informal correspondence by the husband, wife, and son of the family, as well as the wife's brother. No such cache of intimate Russian family documents has ever previously been studied in such depth. The family's relative obscurity (with no pretensions to fame, wealth, or influence) and the presence of a woman's private documents are especially unusual in any context. The book considers the Chikhachevs' social life, reading habits, attitudes toward illness and death, as well as their gendered marital roles and their reception of major ideas of their time, such as domesticity, Enlightenment, sentimentalism, and Romanticism.
Sparta in Modern Thought
Newly-published!
Edited by Stephen Hodkinson and Ian Macgregor Morris (The Classical Press of Wales, Swansea 2012). ISBN 978-1-905125-47-0.
The attached file contains the volume's Prelims (inc. Table of Contents) and Introduction.
Images of ancient Sparta are irrepressible in Western thought. A powerful model of excellence in the middle ages and... more
Images of ancient Sparta are irrepressible in Western thought. A powerful model of excellence in the middle ages and Renaissance, in the Enlightenment and French Revolution Sparta was invoked by radical thinkers as a model for the creation of an ideal republic. Since the 19th century Sparta has been viewed as the opposite of liberal and industrial democracies: shunned – or hailed – as the model for 20th century totalitarian and militaristic regimes such as the Third Reich. Intelligence analysts in the United States used Sparta as an analogy to predict the performance of the Cold War Soviet Union. But positive views of the Spartans flourish in contemporary democratic culture and digital media, most strikingly in popular fiction, graphic novels and film.
This book is the first to focus exclusively on Sparta’s impact in modern times. Eleven international experts take readers across ten centuries from the 12th century Renaissance to 21st century digital culture. Exploiting hitherto untapped sources, from medieval political tracts to declassified CIA documents and YouTube video clips, they reveal many previously unknown aspects of Sparta’s impact on modern politics and culture.
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Download (.pdf) Richard Bentley: Poetry and Enlightenment
Harvard University Press, 2011
Abrasive, arrogant, and widely ridiculed by his English contemporaries, Bentley (1662-1742) was also Europe's most... more Abrasive, arrogant, and widely ridiculed by his English contemporaries, Bentley (1662-1742) was also Europe's most famous classical scholar. How could the most significant figure in scholarship between Joseph Scaliger and the German nineteenth century fail so signally to impress the reading public at home? Actually, Bentley's career involved one experiment after another in seeking out broader audiences, beginning with his very first publications, which attempted to escape from the relatively obscure ecclesiastical studies that dominated the England of his youth. But as he pioneered more accessible, attractive forms of publication, Bentley also developed an overweening, hectoring critical persona that hearkened back to Renaissance Latin models on the one hand while harmonizing uneasily with the rise of the English critic on the other. If Bentley's methodological innovations were less dramatic than those of other humanists, he nonetheless transformed scholarship in England and galvanized his contemporaries abroad: both his strengths and his glaring missteps discernibly belonged to the early Enlightenment.
P. M. Moureau de Maupertuis, el orden verosímil del cosmos
Co-authored with José L. Peset
El orden verosímil del cosmos es una antología con una introducción a cuatro textos muy representativos de la obra de... more
El orden verosímil del cosmos es una antología con una introducción a cuatro textos muy representativos de la obra de Pierre Louis Moureau, señor de Maupertuis (1698-1759):
1) "Discurso sobre las diferentes figuras de los astros" (1732);
2) "Acuerdo de las diferentes leyes de la naturaleza que hasta ahora parecían incompatibles" (1744;
3) "Las leyes del movimiento y del reposo deducidas de un principio metafísico" (1746); 4) "Venus física" (1745)
Georges-Louis Leclerc, Conde de Buffon, 1707-1788
Co-authored with Javier Moscoso
Introducción y edición de dos escritos de Buffon:
Introducción: "El sensire aude de Buffon. Escritura... more
Introducción y edición de dos escritos de Buffon:
Introducción: "El sensire aude de Buffon. Escritura y público de la ciencia popular de la Ilustración".
Primer Discurso. Sobre la manera de estudiar y de tratar la historial natural (1749)
Discurso pronunciado en la Academia Francesa por Buffon el día de su recepción
Joseph Perl, Sefer Megale Temirin, critically edited and introduced by Jonatan Meir, 670 pp., Jerusalem: Mossad Bialik (August 2012. Hebrew)
by Jonatan Meir
כרך שני: ספר מגלה טמירין ליוסף פרל, מהדורה מוערת ומבוארת עם מבוא על גלגולי כתיבתו, בצרוף אחרית דבר מאת דן מירון, מוסד ביאליק, ירושלים תשע"ב
Imagined Hasidism: Satire, Reality and the Concept of the Book in the Anti-Hasidic Writings of Joseph Perl, 320 pp., Jerusalem: Mossad Bialik (August 2012. Hebrew)
by Jonatan Meir
חסידות מדוּמה: עיונים בכתביו הסאטיריים של יוסף פרל, מוסד ביאליק, ירושלים תשע"ב.
Dositej Obradović als bürgerlicher Kulturheld. Zur Formierung eines serbischen bürgerlichen Selbstbildes durch literarische Kommunikation 1783–1845.
Published in the series 'Studien zur Geschichte Südosteuropas', vol. 16. Eds. Olga Katsiardi-Hering, Max Demeter Peyfuss and Maria Stassinopoulou. Frankfurt/M. e.a.: Peter Lang, 2007.
For an abstract go to:
The Society of Dilettanti: Archaeology and Identity in the British Enlightenment
by Jason Kelly
Become a Fan on Facebook at http://tinyurl.com/yaqpp3r
Available Jan 25, 2010
320 p., 7 1/2 x 10
100 b/w + 20 color illus.
ISBN: 9780300152197
ISBN-10:... more
Available Jan 25, 2010
320 p., 7 1/2 x 10
100 b/w + 20 color illus.
ISBN: 9780300152197
ISBN-10: 0300152191
Cloth: $75.00 sc
In 1732 a group of elite young men who had met on the grand tour formed a convivial dining club called the Society of Dilettanti. By the middle of the 18th century the Dilettanti took on an influential role in cultural matters, organizing archaeological expeditions, forming the Royal Academy and the British Museum, and ultimately becoming one of the most prominent and influential societies of the British Enlightenment.
This lively and illuminating account is the most detailed analysis of the early Society of Dilettanti to date. Jason M. Kelly places the group at the complex intersection of international and national discourses that shaped the British Enlightenment; thus, it sheds new light on 18th-century grand tourism, elite masculinity, sociability, aesthetics, architecture, and archaeology.
Translating Empire: Emulation and the Origins of Political Economy
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011
Historians have traditionally used the discourses of free trade and laissez faire to explain the development of... more
Historians have traditionally used the discourses of free trade and laissez faire to explain the development of political economy during the Enlightenment. But from Sophus Reinert’s perspective, eighteenth-century political economy can be understood only in the context of the often brutal imperial rivalries then unfolding in Europe and its former colonies and the positive consequences of active economic policy. The idea of economic emulation was the prism through which philosophers, ministers, reformers, and even merchants thought about economics, as well as industrial policy and reform, in the early modern period. With the rise of the British Empire, European powers and others sought to selectively emulate the British model.
In mapping the general history of economic translations between 1500 and 1849, and particularly tracing the successive translations of the Bristol merchant John Cary’s seminal 1695 Essay on the State of England, Reinert makes a compelling case for the way that England’s aggressively nationalist policies, especially extensive tariffs and other intrusive market interventions, were adopted in France, Italy, Germany, and Scandinavia before providing the blueprint for independence in the New World. Relatively forgotten today, Cary’s work served as the basis for an international move toward using political economy as the prime tool of policymaking and industrial expansion.
Reinert’s work challenges previous narratives about the origins of political economy and invites the current generation of economists to reexamine the foundations, and future, of their discipline.
Who Is This Schiller Now? Essays on His Reception and Significance (Camden House, 2011)
by Nick Martin
Co-edited with Jeffrey L. High and Norbert Oellers.
The works of Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) - an innovative and resonant tragedian and an important poet, essayist,... more
The works of Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) - an innovative and resonant tragedian and an important poet, essayist, historian, and aesthetic theorist - are among the best known of German and world literature. Schiller's explosive original artistry and feel for timely and enduring personal tragedy embedded in timeless socio-historical conflicts remain the topic of lively academic debate. The essays in this volume address the many flashpoints and canonical shifts in the cyclically polarized reception of Schiller and his works, in pursuit of historical and contemporary answers to Samuel Taylor Coleridge's expression of frightened admiration in 1794: "Who is this Schiller?" The responses demonstrate pronounced shifts from widespread twentieth-century understandings of Schiller: the overwhelming emphasis here is on Schiller the cosmopolitan realist, and little or no trace is left of the ultimately untenable view of Schiller as an abstract idealist who turned his back on politics.
Ehrhard Bahr, Matthew Bell, Frederick Burwick, Jennifer Driscoll Colosimo, Bernd Fischer, Gail K. Hart, Fritz Heuer, Hans H. Hiebel, Jeffrey L. High, Walter Hinderer, Paul E. Kerry, Erik B. Knoedler, Elisabeth Krimmer, Maria del Rosario Acosta López, Laura Anna Macor, Dennis F. Mahoney, Nicholas Martin, John A. McCarthy, Yvonne Nilges, Norbert Oellers, Peter Pabisch, David Pugh, T. J. Reed, Wolfgang Riedel, Jörg Robert, Ritchie Robertson, Jeffrey L. Sammons, Henrik Sponsel.
Jeffrey L. High is Associate Professor of German Studies at California State University Long Beach, Nicholas Martin is Reader in European Intellectual History at the University of Birmingham, and Norbert Oellers is Professor Emeritus of German Literature at the University of Bonn.
(μτφρ.) Claude Lauriol, Ο Βολταίρος και η υπόθεση Καλάς. Από την ιστορία στον μύθο / Voltaire et l’affaire Calas. De l’histoire au mythe. Μετάφραση Άννα Ταμπάκη. Eτήσια Διάλεξη K.Θ.Δημαρά, 2005, KNE/EIE, Aθήνα 2006, 142 σελ.
by Anna Tabaki
Παρουσίαση: Eνημερωτικό Δελτίο ΙNE/EIE, τχ. 31, Δεκ. 2006, σ. 12.
Σύμφωνα με τον ομιλητή, η υπόθεση Καλάς συγκαταλέγεται στα γεγονότα που παραμένουν ως σήμερα ζωντανά στη συλλογική... more
Σύμφωνα με τον ομιλητή, η υπόθεση Καλάς συγκαταλέγεται στα γεγονότα που παραμένουν ως σήμερα ζωντανά στη συλλογική μνήμη των Γάλλων. Αυτήν την ανεξιχνίαστη ως σήμερα υπόθεση μισαλλαδοξίας και τη σύνδεσή της με την περίφημη Πραγματεία περί ανοχής (Traité sur la tolerance) του Βολταίρου προσεγγίζει με σφαιρικό τρόπο η παρούσα διάλεξη.
Εκθέτει καταρχήν συστηματικά τα πραγματολογικά στοιχεία της υπόθεσης, τον θάνατο του νεαρού Μάρκου Αντωνίου Καλάς στο ισόγειο της οικογενειακής κατοικίας στην Τουλόυζη (που οφείλεται πιθανόν σε αυτοκτονία ή σε ανεξιχνίαστη δολοφονία), ο οποίος αποδόθηκε ανενδοίαστα στον πατέρα του, τον Ουγενότο έμπορο υφασμάτων Ιωάννη Καλάς. Η κοινή γνώμη θεώρησε πως ο πατέρας εξετέλεσε, κατόπιν διαταγής της προτεσταντικής Εκκλησίας, τον γιο του για να τον εμποδίσει να μεταστραφεί στον καθολικισμό. Το Ανώτατο Δικαστήριο της Τουλούζης τον καταδίκασε σε μαρτυρικό θάνατο. Ο Claude Lauriol, ειδικός μελετητής της θρησκευτικής έριδας στη Γαλλία του 18ου αιώνα, τοποθετεί την υπόθεση στο ευρύτερο πλαίσιο αναφοράς της, καθώς τη συνδέει με το κλίμα που κυριαρχεί στη Γαλλία εναντίον των Ουγενότων μετά την Ανάκληση του Διατάγματος της Νάντης.
Αυτή είναι η μια παράμετρος του θέματος. Η άλλη αφορά στην ενεργό, αν και κάπως καθυστερημένη, ανάμειξη του Βολταίρου, που τον οδήγησε στη συγγραφή της Πραγματείας περί ανοχής αλλά και στη στράτευσή του για τη μετά θάνατον αποκατάσταση του Ιωάννη Καλάς. Πολύ ενδιαφέρουσα είναι η όλη ερμηνεία του εγχειρήματος και η ανάλυση της Πραγματείας. Η στάση του Βολταίρου παραμένει ένα πολύπλοκο και διφορούμενο ζήτημα, καθώς ο θεϊστής φιλόσοφος φαίνεται να υπερβαίνει την υποστήριξη του προτεσταντικού δόγματος, τασσόμενος κατά βάθος υπερ του θρησκευτικού αδιαφορισμού. Αυτός είναι και ο λόγος για τον οποίο οι Ουγενότοι αισθάνθηκαν κάπως αμήχανοι ή και άσκησαν κριτική στο περιεχόμενό της Πραγματείας.
Μια τελευταία παράμετρο αποτελεί η ίδια η δυναμική του εγχειρήματος που ξεπέρασε τα αμφιλεγόμενα σημεία του περιεχομένου, προσδίδοντας στον Βολταίρο τη μυθική διάσταση του υπερασπιστή της ατομικής και θρησκευτικής ελευθερίας.
Ρωξάνη Αργυροπούλου - Άννα Ταμπάκη (επιμ.), Tα Eλληνικά προεπαναστατικά περιοδικά. Eυρετήρια Γ' "Eιδήσεις διά τα ανατολικά μέρη", 1811, "Eλληνικός Tηλέγραφος", 1812-1836, "Φιλολογικός Tηλέγραφος", 1817-1821, Aθήνα, Kέντρον Nεοελληνικών Eρευνών E.I.E., 1983, σ. μη' +351. (in collaboration with Roxane Argyropoulos), Pre-Revolutionary Greek Periodicals. Index III. News for the Eastern Lands, 1811, Hellenic Telegraph, 1812-1836, Literary Telegraph, 1817-1821, Centre for Neohellenic Research/ N.H.R.F., Athens 1983, p. μη' +351.
by Anna Tabaki
Bιβλιοκρισίες: Kώστας ΣTAMATIOY, "Συμβολή στην προσέγγιση και μελέτη του προεπαναστατικού τύπου", εφημ.Tα Nέα, Σάβ. 16 Iουν. 1984' N.A.MΠAKOYNAKHΣ, "Aναγκαιότητα η γνώσις των πολιτικών", εφημ. H Kαθημερινή, Πέμ. 28 Iουν. 1984' Δημ. ΣTAMEΛOΣ, εφημ. Eλευθεροτυπία, 12 Iουλ. 1984.
Alexandre Stourdza (1791-1854). Un intellectuel orthodoxe face à l'Occident
Genève, Editions Suzanne Hurter, 1999
Prix d'Histoire de la Fondation culturelle Magazin Istoric (Romania, 2000)
Intellectuel polyglotte et... more
Prix d'Histoire de la Fondation culturelle Magazin Istoric (Romania, 2000)
Intellectuel polyglotte et cosmopolite, Alexandre Stourdza a associé son nom à la rédaction du projet de la Sainte-Alliance, qui scella le destin européen de la Russie. Il fut aussi l'un des principaux agents d'Alexandre Ier en Occident, avant d'être relégué à Odessa pour ses sympathies philhellènes. Devenu l'observateur lucide des divisions inter-européennes, il élabora, avec l'aide du Genevois Charles Eynard, une stratégie d'échanges intellectuels vers un Occident aussi redoutable que fascinant. Comme Joseph de Maistre, mais dans un espace différent, Stourdza chercha dans une réactualisation de la tradition - celle de l'orthodoxie - la réponse aux défis politiques et culturels de son temps. Ses déchirements intérieurs reflètent ceux de beaucoup de ses contemporains, tiraillés entre leur désir de modernité et une quête romantique des origines. Une situation qui préfigure les interrogations des Russes d'aujourd'hui face à une Europe incertaine.
Réinventer la tradition. Alexandre Stourdza et l'Europe de la Sainte-Alliance (Reinventing Tradition: Alexander Sturdza and Europe of the Holy Alliance)
Paris, Honoré Champion, 2008, 625 p.
- Guizot Prize of the French Academy, 2009
- Xenopol Prize of the Romanian Academy, 2010
- Prize and Merit... more
- Guizot Prize of the French Academy, 2009
- Xenopol Prize of the Romanian Academy, 2010
- Prize and Merit Diploma of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2009
- Selected for the Great Prize for History Chateaubriand / Grand Prix d'Histoire Chateaubriand (France)
1815. Après vingt années d'expansion révolutionnaire et napoléonienne, l'heure est à la réaction. La Russie, qui a été menacée dans son existence même, émerge comme pilier du nouvel ordre politique européen. Pour assurer celui-ci, et sceller la paix enfin retrouvée, le tsar Alexandre Ier propose une Sainte-Alliance des souverains et des peuples chrétiens. Il charge son conseiller Alexandre Stourdza (1791-1854) de mettre en forme cette surprenante proclamation politico-mystique bientôt ratifiée par tous les pays du continent. Après le fracas des armes, le destin de l'Europe se joue désormais dans les chancelleries, dans la presse et dans l'opinion. Face à l'héritage des Lumières, les partisans d'un retour à la tradition sont pourtant divisés: mystiques et théocrates d'un côté, conservateurs plus laïcs de l'autre, catholiques ou orthodoxes, Russes ou Français. Chaque parti, chaque puissance du moment, a en fait sa propre vision du nouvel ordre qui doit régir l'Europe. Défendue par Stourdza de congrès en congrès, la Sainte-Alliance sera bientôt mise en échec par les libéraux allemands, et débordée par le système répressif de Metternich.
Abandonné par son souverain, Alexandre Stourdza quitte le service diplomatique en 1822 pour s'établir à Odessa. Il mettra désormais sa plume au service d'une orthodoxie rénovée, qui soit capable de fédérer les différentes populations chrétiennes de Russie et de l'Empire ottoman. Loin de se réduire à un combat d'arrière-garde, ce grand projet de «modernisation défensive» des sociétés orthodoxes incluait l'émancipation nationale des Grecs et des Roumains, ainsi que l'abolition du servage en Russie.
Formée d'abord à Saint-Pétersbourg, Stella Ghervas est docteur en histoire de l'Université de Bucarest et docteur ès lettres de l'Université de Genève. Ses travaux portent notamment sur les mouvements culturels et politiques de l'Europe de l'Est (Russie, Balkans) au XIXe siècle et sur les échanges intellectuels avec l'Occident. Elle est actuellement chargée de recherche à l'Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales de Genève.
Table des matières
Le parcours d'un intellectuel diplomate
- Les racines familiales
- L'entrée dans les services diplomatiques
- Dans les cercles littéraires de Saint-Pétersbourg
- Une première mission dans les Balkans
- Au service de la Sainte-Alliance
- L'appel des causes grecque et roumaine
- Un intellectuel enfin indépendant
Un humaniste «oriental» face aux Lumières
- Les Lumières vues de l'Est
- La formation intellectuelle d'Alexandre Stourdza
- Un anti-Montesquieu: "L'Essai sur les lois fondamentales de la société"
- Stourdza face à Rousseau
Sur la scène européenne
- Au service de la Sainte-Alliance
- Les "Considérations sur la doctrine et l'esprit de l'Église orthodoxe"
- Le "Mémoire sur l'état actuel de l'Allemagne"
- De la Sainte-Alliance à la question d'Orient
L'attrait du mysticisme
- Les racines mystiques de la Sainte-Alliance
- Roxandre Stourdza au coeur d'un réseau d'influence
- Alexandre Stourdza face à l'héritage intellectuel des mystiques
Stourdza théocrate: pour et contre Joseph de Maistre
- Stourdza et Maistre face à la Révolution
- Controverses autour de l'Église orthodoxe
- Des positions divergentes à propos de la Russie
Un philhellénisme d'inspiration conservatrice
- Stourdza, Capodistrias et la renaissance de la Grèce
- Stourdza face à l'Hétairie politique
- Les sympathies philhellènes en Russie et en Europe
- Stourdza, avocat conservateur de l'insurrection
- L'indépendance grecque comme partie de la question d'Orient
Le philosophe de l'orthodoxie
- Le «monde orthodoxe»: caractéristiques d'un espace imaginaire
- Stourdza, missionnaire du «Réveil» orthodoxe
- Stourdza penseur religieux
- Le philosophe de la Tradition
Idéaux et petites ambitions: Stourdza homme de lettres
- Un précurseur des slavophiles?
- Stourdza et les lumières d'Odessa
- A la recherche d'interlocuteurs occidentaux
- Ultimes impressions de voyage
José Patricio Fernández de Uribe (1742-1796): el cabildo eclesiástico de México ante el Estado borbónico
Versión en línea del libro publicado en 1999 - online version of book published in 1999
Biografía personal, intelectual y política del sacerdote, predicador e historiador criollo José Patricio Fernández de... more
Biografía personal, intelectual y política del sacerdote, predicador e historiador criollo José Patricio Fernández de Uribe (México, 1742-México, 1796), miembro del cabildo catedralicio de la ciudad de México. Por medio de su figura se presenta un panorama amplio de las relaciones entre el poder político y el eclesiástico durante el período de las reformas borbónicas en Nueva España. Asimismo se examinan algunos de los principales problemas sociales y culturales que ocuparon la atención de la Ilustración católica novohispana en los años anteriores al inicio de la guerra de Independencia.
A personal, intelectual and political biography of creole priest, preacher and historian José Patricio Fernández de Uribe (Mexico City, 1742-Mexico City, 1796), member of the cathedral chapter of Mexico City. From this perspective is offered an overview of the relationship between political and Church power in New Spain during the period of Bourbon reforms. Also are examined some of the main cultural and social issues that attracted the interest of Catholic Mexican Enlightenment during the years previous to the beginning of the war for Mexican Independence.
Legal Revision and Religious Renewal in Ancient Israel
New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Paperback edition, 2010.
ABSTRACT
This book examines the doctrine of transgenerational punishment found in the Decalogue: the idea that... more
ABSTRACT
This book examines the doctrine of transgenerational punishment found in the Decalogue: the idea that God punishes sinners vicariously and extends the punishment due them to three or four generations of their progeny. Already in ancient Israel, even though it was a “God-given” law, the unfairness of punishing innocent people merely for being the children or grandchildren of wrongdoers was clearly recognized. A series of inner-biblical and post-biblical responses to the rule demonstrates that later writers were able to criticize, reject, and replace this problematic doctrine with the alternative notion of individual retribution. From this perspective, the formative canon is the source of its own renewal: it fosters critical reflection upon the textual tradition and sponsors intellectual freedom.
To round out the volume, a final chapter provides a valuable bibliographical essay on the distinctive approach of “inner-biblical exegesis.” This resource will support further study and shows the contributions of European, Israeli, and North American scholars. The volume opens new perspectives on current debates within the humanities about canonicity, textual authority, and authorship. There is an extended discussion of the formation of the German literary canon (Mme de Stael; Heinrich Heine and the "portatives Kanon") and of German intellectual history (Immanuel Kant).
KEYWORDS
Decalogue, Divine Justice, Canon, Intertextuality, Allusion, Immanuel Kant, inner-biblical exegesis, relecture, Fortschreibung, Kanon, Textuality, Literary Theory, Hammurabi, Vassal Treaty of Esarhaddon, scribal curriculum, Ruth, Authorship, Ezekiel 18, Hittite Laws, Lamentations 5:7; Exodus 20; Deuteronomy 7, Deuteronomy 5; Targum; Deut 24; individual responsibility; repentance; transgenerational punishment; vicarious punishment, Kanonformel, Mme de Stael, Land der Dichter und Denker; Heinrich Heine; portatives Kanon; portable canon; Immanuel Kant; literary approach to Bible; legal hermeneutics; interdisciplinary.
REVIEWS
"This just might be the best book I’ve read in a long time. It’s challenged my assumptions about the development of the Hebrew Bible and the role of innovation alongside preservation. . . . All in all, I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in the issues of early biblical interpretation and the formation of the biblical canon. Specialists across the board in religious studies and biblical studies would profit from a closer look at Levinson’s book. I’m recommending it to everyone I know—NT students, rabbinics experts, early Christian studies people, Hebrew Bible colleagues—you know who you are—read this book!"
—Douglas Mangum, Biblia Hebraica: A Blog about the Hebrew Bible; http://bibliahebraica.blogspot.com (2009)
"The book deserves a wide readership. It would serve well as a text for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses that deal with inner-biblical exegesis. One can also hope that scholars in other fields will read it and take to heart Levinson’s argument for the reintegration of biblical studies into the core of academic work in the humanities. In addition, there are faith communities that would be encouraged by Levinson’s insight into the nature of canon and the necessity for ongoing reinterpretation of tradition. The book’s research is thorough, its argument forceful, its writing elegant, and it is blessedly short. If books can be placed into tribes, may this one’s increase."
—Bruce Wells, Review of Biblical Literature; http://www.bookreviews.org (2010)
"Biblical studies were once integrated into the center of scholarship and even its moving agent. With this study Levinson wants to reintegrate the study of the Hebrew Bible into the overall humanities discourse. The religious canon of the Hebrew Bible is not an inflexible collection of books that stands in the way of innovation. Levinson analyses the phenomenon of the rewriting of texts both inside (e.g. legal change) and outside the Hebrew Bible (e.g. Targum) to demonstrate the opposite. The example of transgenerational punishment shows, the exegetical processes involved in this rewriting point not only to dynamic and creative processes inside the canon of the Hebrew Bible but show how a canon initiated and initiates innovation as its driving engine. Levinson points e.g. to a nexus between the emergence of the German literary canon and academic biblical studies. With this study Levinson demonstrates again how he masterfully integrates his own exegetical brilliance into larger theoretical frameworks beyond the constraints of biblical studies. Especially helpful to the specialist and colleagues from other fields is a long essay on the history of research about rewriting processes inside the Hebrew Bible (91–181)."
—Armin Lange, Journal of Ancient Judaism 1:2 (2010)
"The bibliographical essay is an excellent overview of research on what is now often called ‘inner-biblical exegesis,’ and it will serve as a superb tool for beginners and seasoned researchers alike. The other essays span a vast array of methodological problems and exegetical insights and are at the forefront of current research into legal traditions in the HB. A highly welcome volume."
—Joachim Schaper, SOTS Book List 2009 =JSOT 33 (2009)
"Perhaps I am biased, but it seems to me to be beyond any reasonable doubt that, behind the final form of the canonical, biblical text lies evidence of a lively, imaginative, and creative use of interpretation, reinterpretation, and reapplication of earlier texts. It is a complex, living, creative achievement which, for just this reason, invites constant, continuing invention, as Levinson maintains. I certainly find this book itself a delightful, informative, and stimulating one to read."
—Rex Mason, Journal of Theological Studies 60 (2009)
"The book’s most innovative contribution lies in its first . . . half, which explores the relation between biblical studies and the humanities. . . . As L. notes—rightly in my judgment—this deeply rooted separation of Jerusalem from Athens has been to no one’s advantage. His discussion of the relationship between the concept of ethics in Kant and in Ezekiel demonstrates how much both disciplines might gain from such a conversation. The secularization of the liberal arts has left them largely uninformed about contemporary ways of reading the Bible. Recent discussions in the humanities could find much of value in biblical studies’ sophisticated ways of thinking about canonicity. . . .
"The essays that constitute the first half of this book are the product of more than a decade and a half of research and deliberation. Their sustained and fluent reflection on important issues will reward contemplation by biblical scholars, while the bibliographic essay that makes up the second half will be a useful tool for those interested in exploring the growing body of work on inner-biblical exegesis."
—Frederick E. Greenspahn, Catholic Biblical Quarterly 71 (2009)
"This is a revised and expanded essay first published in French in 2005. The concern is inner-biblical exegesis, an important area of recent Old Testament research and a subject to which Levinson is a significant contributor. The first half of the book sets the subject of inner-biblical exegesis within the context of canon. Levinson rightly observes that biblical exegesis is not a development that emerges after final canonization, but something occurring within the material from an early stage. For him canon is something that tends towards fixity, but yet the texts also attest radical innovation as texts are disputed even within the canon itself. One extended case study occupies a significant part of Levinson’s attention: those texts that deal with intergenerational punishment. Levinson seeks to show that Ezekiel and Deuteronomy 7 deliberately cite the Decalogue in order to subvert its plain meaning and offer a reinterpretation where individuals receive reward and punishment for their own deeds. This reinterpretation of the Decalogue is determinative for later Jewish thinking. The final chapter contributes half of the book’s length and is a bibliographical essay on inner-biblical exegesis. It traces the subject from Wellhausen through the very earliest observers of the biblical literature’s literary (rather than oral) inter-relationships to the most recent works. Pithy and perceptive introductions to all the major literature on inner-biblical exegesis are given and this is an extremely valuable resource for more advanced students. This would be an excellent addition to any theological library and it is to be hoped that the publisher will soon release a paperback version so more students can enjoy the fruits of Levinson’s labours."
—Nathan MacDonald, Theological Book Review 21 (2009)
"The format of this book . . . provides a thorough but brief introduction to inner-biblical exegesis approach, both in method and in theory. Anyone, scholar or student, who is interested in learning more about how the theoretical foundations of this approach as well as how it works will find the text invaluable. Second, for scholars in particular, the footnotes and the bibliographic essay are excellent and up-to-date resources of the field. The bibliographic essay was a particularly delightful read in that Levinson connected many scholars with whom most readers will have at least a passing acquaintance in a new way. Third, the length and style of this text make it very accessible to both upper-level undergraduate students and graduate students working in the area of biblical interpretation or looking more generally at the idea of canon."
—Karla Suomala, Review of Biblical Literature 11 (2009)
"Throughout the text, L.’s careful work leads him to exhort the humanities explicitly to engage in greater interdisciplinary dialogue. Academic biblical studies have engaged and incorporated insights from other disciplines into exegesis, but colleagues in comparative literature, history of religions, and related fields have not reciprocated to the same degree. ‘Unfortunately, many within the broader academic community are woefully uninformed about how to read the Bible critically, historically, and intellectually’ (93)."
—John J. Pilch, Theological Studies 70:4 (2009): 967–68
"In his foray into the topic of the Ten Commandments in history and tradition seen from the vantage point of inner-biblical exegesis, Bernard Levinson zeroes in on the question of moral agency. It is hard to think of a more fundamental topic at the interface of law and theology. Levinson understands Ezekiel 18 to amount to a covert repudiation of the doctrine of cross-generational transfer of the consequences of human behavior as it finds expression in the Decalogue at Exod 20:5–6.1. A brilliant thesis, one I hope receives a wide hearing."
—John Hobbins, Ancient Hebrew Poetry blog; http://ancienthebrewpoetry.typepad.com (2009)
"In this book, Levinson considers the literary and textual authority of scripture and the creative conventions that led to its production. . . . With an extensive bibliographic essay outlining the contributions of renowned scholars, prominent in the field of inner-biblical exegesis, this exhaustive book recognizes the need for a more innovative and intuitive debate within the wider humanities about canonicity, textual authority and authorship. . . . I was inspired by Levinson’s theories and would certainly recommend this book to scholars interested in the textual construction of scripture. . ."
—Benjamin Bury, Reviews in Religion and Theology 17:3 (2010): 279–80
"Best Book on Inner-Biblical Exegesis Ever!
I’m pleased to announce that this thought-provoking volume is now available in an affordable paperback edition. My hope is that it will reach a wider audience in biblical studies, especially graduate students interested in the formation of the Hebrew Bible and inner-biblical exegesis."
—Douglas Mangnum, Biblia Hebraica et Graeca; A Blog about the Hebrew Bible; http://bibliahebraica.blogspot.com (2010)
“The book may claim to be about the dynamics of legal (i.e. halachic) development within the Bible, but the underlying message deals with the viability of theories of halachic change in the contemporary Jewish community. That is why it should be required reading for participants in law committees and students of Jewish law.”
—Rabbi Neil Gillman, in CJ: Voices of Conservative/Masorti Judaism, Summer 2011, p. 9 [online: http://www.wlcj.org/articlenav.php?id=416]
“This slender volume . . . sets out the discipline of “inner-biblical exegesis” by one of its foremost practitioners today. The author, Bernard Levinson, sets himself apart from most other inner-biblical exegetes in two ways. The first is his desire to engage in dialogue with disciplines outside of biblical studies. The second is the scrupulous attention he pays to ancient Near Eastern legal texts as sources for illuminating biblical law. . . . Levinson is to be applauded for this fine volume, which demonstrates his preferred methodology clearly and concisely for a broad academic audience.”
—Sidnie White Crawford, Biblical Theology Bulletin: A Journal of Bible and Theology 40 (2010): 165–166
“Levinson’s book is a gem and deserves a wide readership.”
—Megan Warner, in Australian BiblicalReview 59 (2011); www.fbs.org.au/reviews/levinson59b.html
Die Prägnanz des Dunklen. Gnoseologie — Ästhetik — Geschichtsphilosophie bei Johann Gottfried Herder. Hamburg: Felix Meiner 1990 (= Studien zum 18. Jahrhundert. Vol. 13).
by Hans Adler
Vorwort IX
I. Ästhetik als Desiderat der Gnoseologie 1
A. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 2
B.... more
Vorwort IX
I. Ästhetik als Desiderat der Gnoseologie 1
A. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 2
B. Christian Wolff 11
C. Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten 26
II. Herders Ästhetik-Kritik 49
A. Herders Kritik der Philosophie der "Wortwelten" 49
B. Herders Auseinandersetzung mit Baumgarten 63
1. Aisthesis als Ausgangspunkt 63
2. Herders Kritik der "Meditationes" Baumgartens 70
3. Herder Kritik der "Aesthetica" Baumgartens 73
a) Ästhetik als Logik 74
b) Ästhetik als "bloße Metapher" 78
c) Ästhetik als 'bloße Theorie der schönen Wissenschaften' 82
III. Herders Ästhetik-Entwurf 88
A. Zum Konzept der Prägnanz 90
B. Haptik und Skulptur, Optik und Malerei 101
C. Poesie – Phantasie und Dichtungsvermögen 125
IV. Herders Entwurf einer Geschichtsphilosophie 150
A. Der Status der Geschichtsphilosophie 150
1. Isaak Iselin 151
2. Voltaire 157
B. Aisthesis und Geschichte 162
1. Geschichtsphilosophie: von der Faktizität der Fakten 162
2. Geschichtsphilosophie: von der Erfahrung der Menschheit 165
Siglen und Abkürzungen 173
Zur Zitierweise 173
Bibliographie 175
Quellen 175
Forschungsliteratur 178
Namensverzeichnis 184
Formen des Nichtwissens der Aufklärung. Eds. Hans Adler and Rainer Godel. (Laboratorium Aufklärung 4.) Munich: Fink, 2010.
by Hans Adler
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- HANS ADLER, RAINER GODEL, Einleitung. Formen des Nichtwissens im Zeitalter des... more
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- HANS ADLER, RAINER GODEL, Einleitung. Formen des Nichtwissens im Zeitalter des Fragens. (9-20)
- HANS ADLER, Das gewisse Etwas der Aufklärung (21-42)
I. GRENZEN
- HEINZ THOMA, Zur Prekarität der Aufklärung, Vernunftkritik und das Paradigma der Anthropologie (Taine, Horkheimer/Adorno, Foucault, Lyotard)(45-68)
- EBERHARD KNOBLOCH, Von den berechenbaren Grenzen des Nichtwissens zur Zeit der Aufklärung (69-82)
- BERTRAND BINOCHE, L'efficace de la raison (83-95)
- RAINER ENSKAT, Aufgeklärtes Nicht-Wissen (97-109)
- STEFAN MATUSCHEK, 'Fabelhaft' und 'wunderbar' in Aufklärungsdiskursen (111-120)
- DANIEL WEIDNER, Un-Möglichkeit der Ausnahme. Die Wunderkritik der Aufklärung (121-140)
- DENIS THOUARD, La sagacité de l'esprit. La conjecture au XVIIIe siècle (141-155)
II. KONTUREN
- ETIENNE BALIBAR, Séjourner dans la contradiction. L'idée de "nouvelles Lumières" et les contradictions de l'universalisme (159-164)
- CLAUDIA BRODSKY, Doing without Knowing in Kant and Diderot: Experiments in Enlightenment (165-182)
- ARND BOHM, Ways of Being Ignorant: A Field Guide (183-190)
- GUNHILD BERG, Wissenwollen trotz Nichtwissenkönnens. Von den Erkenntnisgrenzen der psychologischen und pädagogischen Wissenschaften des späten 18. Jahrhunderts (191-212)
- STEFAN METZGER, "Ein Abgrund innerer dunkeln Kräfte." Nichtwissen in den Bildungsdiskursen der Aufklärung (213-233)
- INSA KRINGLER, „There is Nothing so Intrinsically Rational as Religion Is.“ Zum Versuch einer vernünftigen Entschlüsselung des Nicht-mehr-Wissbaren in der Frühaufklärung (235-247)
- RALF SIMON, Ein falsches Bild. Oder: Was passiert, wenn Katharsis Form wird? Zu Lessings Emilia Galotti (249-262)
- ELISABETH DÉCULTOT, Die Schattenseiten der Seele: Zu Johann Georg Sulzers Theorie der dunklen Vorstellungen (263-278)
- ANGELA HOLZER, Arten der Unwissenheit im anthropo-logischen Diskurs der Aufklärung (279-291)
- CORNELIA BOGEN, Die Zone der Unbestimmtheit. Melancholiediskurs zwischen Wissen und Nichtwissen (293-309)
- FRITZ BREITHAUPT, Die Produktion des Nichtwissens vom Selbst. Autobiographie bei Goethe und Hegel (311-323)
- MONIKA SPROLL, Charakter. Die Konkurrenz einer metaphorischen und einer begrifflichen Erkenntnisform des Nicht-/Wissens vom Menschen. (325-343)
III INTERDEPENDENZEN
- RAINER GODEL, Unzuverlässige Leser – unzuverlässige Erzähler; oder: Literarische Wege aus dem Nicht-Wissen (347-367)
- HARALD TAUSCH, Labyrinthe der Aufklärung. Goethes Roman Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (369-394)
- LUCA CRESCENZI, Das Bekannte und das Unbekannte in Herders geschichtsphilosophischen Schriften (395-402)
- GENEVIÈVE ESPAGNE, „Ins Narrenschiff mit Sokrates!“ Frühformen des Umgangs mit dem Abderitismus bei Christoph Martin Wieland (403-420)
- ANTONIO ROSELLI, Zur Interdependenz von Wissen und Nichtwissen. Anthropologie als Aufklärungskritik bei Christoph Martin Wieland (421-443)
- MARK GEORG DEHRMANN, Nichtwissen und Glaube. Zur Erkenntnistheorie und Ethik Friedrich Heinrich Jacobis (445-464)
- DIRK OSCHMANN, Darstellung und Gegendarstellung von Aufklärung. Handlung, Erzählung und Schein in Schillers Geisterseher (465-481)
- DANIEL FULDA, Wissen und Nicht-Wissen von anderen Menschen. Das Problem der Gemütererkenntnis von Gracián bis Schiller (483-504)
- ALEXANDER KOŠENINA, Historische Vaterschaftsprozesse: Nichtwissen, verborgenes und verkehrtes Wissen bei Goethe, Hogarth und Kleist (505-519)
- SABINE VOLK-BIRKE, Translating Knowledge and Prescribing Taste: English Enlightenment Critics (521-539)
Autorenverzeichnis (541-549)
Namenregister (551-567)