ეთნოცენტრიზმი–კულტურული რელატივიზმი

2024

The represented article discusses one of the most actual issues of linguistics, namely, the category of reflexivity, also those lexical means by which the features are shown in Georgian. The history of studying the mentioned category in Georgian linguistics as well as in foreign languages, are briefly discussed in the article. Special attention is paid to the newest views of the issue shown in the latest investigations. The main point of our investigation is to study the reflexive pronoun 'tavi' (head = myself, itself, himself...), to show its morphological-syntactic characteristics in the Georgian language, and to find out the specifications of the constructions and their usage. In our investigation, we have underlined the fact that it is necessary to show the difference between the narrow and the broad meaning of reflexivity. In its narrow meaning, reflexivity is characteristic of the pronoun 'tav' (head = 'self') and this pronoun formally represents the direct object but in its broader meaning, it also contains the forms of subjective version which have vowel prefix i-. The forms with the vowel prefixes are also considered reflexive forms, as well as one-valency verbs in which the action does not go on to the object, it does not leave the space of the subject. The reflexive pronoun is derived through grammaticalization of the noun tavi (head) (a similar phenomenon occurs in some other languages as well). The word 'tavi' as a reflexive pronoun ('head' in the meaning of 'self') is also documented in some texts as being used earlier, in the Old and Middle Georgian language forms. According to N. Amiridze, the simple and complex reflexives can be marked out as 1. Reflexive can be said simple when only the Georgian reflexive pronoun 'tavi' is connected to the verb; 2. Reflexive can be complex if the reflexive pronoun is accompanied by a possessive one ('chemi tavi'-myself; 'sheni tavi'-yourself, and so on).

განწყობის ტიპები და პოლიტიკური ორიენტაცია, 2018

[for English scroll down] კვლევის უმთავრესი მიზანი იყო კავშირის დადგენა განწყობის (ქართული ფსიქოლოგიური სკოლის) დიფერენციალურ-ფსიქოლოგიურ მახასიათებლებსა და პოლიტიკურ ორიენტაციას შორის. ამ კუთხით, კვლევაში მოიპოვება დასტური კონსერვატიზმის კავშირისა პიროვნების განწყობის სტაბილობასა და სტატიკურობას შორის, კერძოდ, კონსერვატიზმის მატება უკავშირდება სტაბილობის მატებას და სტატიკურობას. სიმტკიცისა და სიტლანქის კავშირი პოლიტიკურ ორიენტაციასთან არ დასტურდება. რაც შეეხება აგზნებადობას, მისი სათანადოდ გაზომვა ვერ მოხერხდა. კავშირების განხილვისას მხედველობაში მივიღე რამდენიმე საკონტროლო ცვლადიც, სახელდობრ: სქესი, ასაკი, ბუნებრივი ასიმეტრია, მიდრეკილება არატოლ ბურთებს შორის განსხვავების გაზვიადებისადმი და მოწყობილობა, რომლითაც ხდებოდა განწყობის შესასწავლი წრეების ექსპოზიცია. ცვლადებზე უშუალო ემპირიული დაკვირვების გარდა, კავშირები მათ შორის ნაშრომში განხილულია აგრეთვე მეორად წყაროებზე დაყრდნობით. კვლევის ფარგლებში შემუშავდა პოლიტიკური ორიენტაციის საკვლევი მოკლე ინსტრუმენტი, რომელიც მისაღები დონის შინაგანი შეთანხმებულობის მქონეა. ასევე, ნაშრომში მოცემულია განწყობის დიფერენციალურ-ფსიქოლოგიური ცვლადების ორიგინალური, ელექტრონული მეთოდი, რომელსაც გარკვეული უპირატესობები აქვს უწინდელ მეთოდებთან შედარებით. მიმოხილულია ამ უკანასკნელთა თავისებურებები, მათი ძლიერი და სუსტი მხარეები და გაუმჯობესების პერსპექტივები. The research was mostly focused on examining the relationship between political orientation and differential psychological variables of psychological Set . In this regard, study demonstrates that conservatism is associated with static and less labile type of set. The connection of political orientation with coarseness and solidity of the fixed Set were not evident. While studying the connections between variables of political orientation and psychological Set, these control variables were also taken into consideration: sex, age, natural asymmetry, inclination towards inflation of difference(s) between unequal circles and devices used for exposition of circles. Apart from studying the relationships between variables directly, they were also observed based on other literature. Brief questionnaire for assessing political orientation was also created, which showed satisfactory level of internal consistency. Article also provides novel, electronic instrument for measuring variables related to psychological Set, which has some advantages over previous methods. Features of those methods are also discussed as well as their advantages and disadvantages and ways of improvement.

Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage], 2021

The current study is the first attempt to examine the relations between Russia and Georgia within the context of international political processes of the second half of the 18th century, in particular, the Seven Years’ War, the plan for the redistribution of Europe, and the “Greek Project”. The global historical process of the second half of the 18th century is of special importance for the proper assessment of the history of Georgia. The Russian and Soviet historiography deliberately distorted the facts and events of the time leading to the improper assessment of the annexation of Georgia and the Caucasus. The European contacts of King Erekle II of Kartli-Kakheti were deliberately erased, and hence the Caucasus was declared a geostrategic space on Russian orbit and was artificially separated from the global historical processes. Therefore, a violent political act, the conquest of Georgia was disguised as an alliance corresponding to the idea of Christian common faith. The article a...

Alternative Dispute Resolution Yearbook, 2019

Court Intervention Limits in Solving the Issue of Recognition-Enforcement of the Arbitral Award The main purpose of the present work is to demonstrate main bases for intervention of courts in solving an issue of recognition-enforcement of the arbitral award. More attention will be paid to corruption, because it destroys main principles of public order of every civilized state that is firmly proved and condemned at the international level. In this work there are discussed main bases, when and within what limits a court can intervene in the decision of the arbitral court when an issue of recognition-enforcement of the decision is being solved. The harmonization of different jurisdictions in relation to this issue will decrease contradictions in practice of international conflicts resolution on issues connected with corruption and other grounds discussed in this article.

შრომები, 2023

In addition, the recognition of allusions in the text also requires background knowledge, because intertextual texts are always connected with each other in a certain way, by concept or by means of stylistic devices and for both,-a translator and a reader, they very often represent the key to understanding each other. Along with the method, the content analysis method and the translator's empirical experience are also used in the present paper .